Introduction to Global Politics

PrefaceAbout the AuthorsMaps of the WorldChapter 1: Introduction to Global PoliticsIntroductionInternational Relations and Global PoliticsGlobal ActorsGlobal IssuesTheories of Global PoliticsWhat Are Theories?Theoretical Traditions in International RelationsThe Rise of RealismRival TheoriesResearch Approaches and Levels of AnalysisThe Historical ApproachThe Social Scientific Approach: Levels of AnalysisThe Constructivist ApproachDimensions of GlobalizationConclusionFeaturesCase Study: Global Production and the iPhoneThinking About Global Politics: Why Should I Care?Chapter 2: The Evolution of Global PoliticsIntroductionThe Significance of the Peace of WestphaliaRevolutionary WarsWorld Wars: Modern and TotalLegacies and Consequences of European ColonialismCold WarOnset of the Cold WarConflict, Confrontation, and CompromiseThe Rise and Fall of DetenteFrom Detente to a Second Cold WarFrom The End of the Cold War to the War on TerrorismGlobalization: Challenging the International Order?From Superpower to Hyperpower: US PrimacyEurope in the New World SystemRussia: From Yeltsin to PutinEast Asia: Primed for Rivalry?Latin America: Becoming Global PlayersThe War on Terrorism: From 9/11 to Iraq, Afghanistan, and SyriaConclusionFeaturesGlobal Perspective: Perception, Continuity, and Change After January 20, 2009Case Study: The War that Never EndsThinking About Global Politics: Understanding and Resolving International ConflictsChapter 3: Realism, Liberalism, and Critical TheoriesIntroductionWhat Is Realism?The Essential RealismStatismSurvivalSelf-HelpOne Realism or Many?Classical RealismStructural Realism, or NeorealismContemporary Realist Challenges to Structural RealismWhat Is Liberalism?Defining LiberalismThe Essential LiberalismNeoliberalismLiberalism in PracticeCritical TheoriesThe Essential MarxismThird World SocialistsFeminist TheoryConstructivismConclusionFeaturesCase Study: The Power of Ideas: Politics and NeoliberalismGlobal Perspective: What Makes a Theory Theory in Practice: Jane Addams and the Women's International League for Peace and FreedomThinking About Global Politics: The Melian Dialogue: Realism and the Preparation for WarChapter 4: Making Foreign PolicyIntroductionWhat is Foreign Policy?States, Nationalism, and National InterestsForeign Policy from Different PerspectivesWho Makes Foreign Policy?What Do We Expect From Foreign Policy?Levels of Analysis in Foreign PolicyIndividual Factors, or the Human DimensionNational Factors, or Domestic AttributesSystemic Factors, or the Nature of the International SystemGlobal FactorsThe Foreign Policy ProcessFour Phases of Foreign Policy MakingPhase One: Initiation or ArticulationPhase Two: The Formulation of Foreign PolicyPhase Three: Foreign Policy ImplementationPhase Four: Foreign Policy EvaluationForeign Policy Strategies and ToolsSticks: Military and Economic ToolsCarrots: Foreign AssistanceSermons: Diplomatic Messaging and the Use of the MediaSoft and Hard Power in Foreign PolicyForeign Policy Styles and TraditionsGreat Powers, Middle Powers, and Small StatesGreat-Power Foreign PolicyMiddle-Power Foreign PolicySmall-State Foreign PolicyConclusionFeaturesCase Study: RefugeesGlobal Perspective: Central America: A Perpetual Pursuit of Union?Theory in Practice: The Impact of Globalization on Different Kinds of StatesThinking About Global Politics: Designing a New World OrderChapter 5: Global and Regional GovernanceIntroductionInternational LawInternational Order and InstitutionsCriticisms of International LawFrom International to Supranational Law?The United NationsA Brief History of the UN and Its Principal OrgansThe Security CouncilThe General AssemblyThe SecretariatThe Economic and Social CouncilThe Trusteeship CouncilThe International Court of JusticeMaintenance of International Peace and SecurityIncreased Attention to Conditions Within StatesIntervention Within StatesEconomic and Social QuestionsThe Reform Process of the United NationsCountry LevelHeadquarters LevelThe European Union and Other Regional OrganizationsThe Process of European IntegrationOther Regional Actors: The African Union and the Organization of American StatesThe Growth of Global Civil SocietyMultinational CorporationsINGOS as Global Political ActorsSources of INGO PowerForms of INGO PowerInformation PoliticsSymbolic PoliticsLeverage PoliticsAccountability PoliticsGlobal Campaign PoliticsCelebrity DiplomacyFoundations and Think TanksCriminal and Terrorist Networks as Global ActorsConclusionFeaturesTheory in Practice: Neoconservatives and the UNCase Study: A Global Campaign: The Baby Milk Advocacy NetworkGlobal Perspective: Nongovernmental Organizations and Protecting the Rights of ChildrenThinking About Global Politics: Who Could Help Tomorrow? Twenty Global Problems and Global Issues NetworksChapter 6: Global Security, Military Power, and TerrorismIntroductionWhat Is Mainstream and Critical Approaches to SecurityRealist and Neorealist Views on Global SecurityLiberal Institutionalist Views on Global SecurityThe Constructivist Approach to Global SecurityThe Feminist Approach to Global SecurityMarxist and Radical Liberal or Utopian Approaches to SecurityThe Changing Character of WarThe Nature of WarThe Revolution in Military AffairsPostmodern WarGlobalization and New WarsNew Roles for NATO?Nuclear Proliferation and NonproliferationProliferation Optimism and PessimismNuclear Weapons EffectsThe Current Nuclear AgeNuclear MotivationsNuclear Capabilities and IntentionsTerrorism and ExtremismTerrorism: From Domestic to Global PhenomenaThe Impact of Globalization on TerrorismCultural ExplanationsEconomic ExplanationsReligion and The Current Challenge: The Islamic StateGlobalization, Technology, and TerrorismProselytizingSecurity of Terrorist OrganizationsMobilityCombating TerrorismCounterterrorism ActivitiesConclusionFeaturesCase Study: US Drone Warfare: A Robotic Revolution in Modern CombatTheory in Practice: The Realist-Theory Perspective and the War on TerrorGlobal Perspective: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Fighting Terrorism in the Former Communist BlocThinking About Global Politics: Perspectives on the Arms RaceChapter 7: Human Rights and Human SecurityIntroductionWhat Are Human Rights?The Liberal Account of RightsHuman Rights and State SovereigntyInternational Human Rights LegislationThe Universal Declaration of Human RightsSubsequent UN LegislationEnforcement of Human Rights LegislationWhat is Human Security?Origin of the ConceptHuman Security and DevelopmentHuman Security and RefugeesCommon SecurityHistory of Humanitarian Activism and InterventionIntervention and Nonintervention in the 1990sUniversalism ChallengedHumanitarian DimensionsPolitical and Economic Rights and SecurityHuman Rights and Human Security During ConflictWomen, Conflict, and Human SecurityThe Role of the International CommunityConclusionFeaturesCase Study: A Failed InterventionGlobal Perspective: Asian ValuesTheory in Practice: Gendered Perspective on Human RightsThinking About Global Politics: What Should Be Done? National Interests Versus Human InterestsChapter 8: Global Trade and FinanceIntroductionThe Postwar World EconomyGlobal Trade and Finance Actors in a Globalizing EconomyCross-Border TransactionsOpen-Border TransactionsIs Globalization Diminishing the Role of the State in the World Economy?The Global SkepticsNew Constraints on StatesTransborder TransactionsGlobal TradeTransborder ProductionTransborder ProductsGlobal FinanceGlobal MoneyGlobal BankingGlobal SecuritiesGlobal DerivativesContinuity and Change in Economic GlobalizationIrregular IncidenceThe Persistence of TerritoryThe Survival of the StateThe Continuance of Nationalism and Cultural DiversityConclusionFeaturesTheory in Practice: Contending Views of CapitalismGlobal Perspective: Globalization and America FirstCase Study: Southern Debt in Global FinanceThinking About Global Politics: Globalization: Productive, Predatory, or Inconsequential?Chapter 9: Poverty, Development, and HungerIntroductionPovertyDevelopmentPost-1945 International Economic Liberalism and the Orthodox Development ModelThe Post-1945 International Economic Order: ResultsEconomic Development: Orthodox and Alternative EvaluationsA Critical Alternative View of DevelopmentDemocracy, Empowerment, and DevelopmentThe Orthodoxy Incorporates CriticismsAn Appraisal of the Responses of the Orthodox Approach to Its CriticsHungerThe Orthodox, Nature-Focused Explanation of HungerThe Entitlement, Society-Focused Explanation of HungerGlobalization and HungerConclusionFeaturesCase Study: Ideas and Development in the Contemporary Coffee-Producing SectorTheory in Practice: The Terms of DevelopmentGlobal Perspective: Life in Zimbabwe: Poverty, Hunger, Development, and PoliticsThinking About Global Politics: Development Assistance as Foreign Policy StatecraftChapter 10: Environmental IssuesIntroductionEnvironmental Issues on the International Agenda: A Brief HistoryThe Paris Climate Summit 2015The Environment and International Relations TheoryThe Functions of International Environmental CooperationTransboundary Trade and Pollution ControlNorm CreationAid and Capacity BuildingScientific UnderstandingGoverning the CommonsEnvironmental RegimesClimate ChangeConclusionFeaturesGlobal Perspective: The Theory in Practice: Regime Theory and the Montreal ProtocolCase Study: Common but Differentiated Responsibilities?Thinking About Global Politics: The Environment: Images and OptionsGlossaryReferencesCreditsIndex