Ethics in Practice

Preface for Instructors x Acknowledgments xii Source Acknowledgments xiii General Introduction 1 Theorizing about Ethics 3 Reading Philosophy 11 Writing a Philosophy Paper [N] 15 Part I Ethical Theory 23 Ethical Theory 25 1 Consequentialism [NR] 28 William H. Shaw 2 Deontology [W] 37 David McNaughton and Piers Rawling 3 Rights [NW] 49 George W. Rainbolt 4 Virtue Theory [W] 60 Rosalind Hursthouse Part II Life and Death 71 Euthanasia 73 5 Rule-Utilitarianism and Euthanasia [W] 76 Brad Hooker 6 Justifying Physician-Assisted Deaths [W] 85 Tom L. Beauchamp 7 Against the Right to Die [R] 92 J. David Velleman 8 Dying at the Right Time: Reflections on (Un)Assisted Suicide [W] 101 John Hardwig 9 A Duty to Care Revisited [R] 112 Felicia Cohn and Joanne Lynn Abortion 121 10 A Defense of Abortion 124 Judith Jarvis Thomson 11 On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion [R] 132 Mary Anne Warren 12 An Argument that Abortion is Wrong [W] 141 Don Marquis 13 The Moral Permissibility of Abortion 151 Margaret Olivia Little 14 Virtue Theory and Abortion [R] 160 Rosalind Hursthouse Animals 169 15 All Animals are Equal 172 Peter Singer 16 Moral Standing, the Value of Lives, and Speciesism 181 R. G. Frey 17 The Case for Animal Rights 192 Tom Regan 18 The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research [N] 198 Carl Cohen 19 Why Cohen is Mistaken [NR] 204 Hugh LaFollette Part III The Personal Life 215 Family and Sexuality 217 20 What Do Grown Children Owe Their Parents? 219 Jane English 21 Morality, Parents, and Children 223 James Rachels 22 Missing Staircases and the Marriage Debate: Is Same-Sex Marriage Bad for Children? [NR] 233 John Corvino 23 What Is Marriage For? Children Need Mothers and Fathers [N] 239 Maggie Gallagher Biomedical Technologies 245 24 Artificial Means of Reproduction and Our Understanding of the Family 247 Ruth Macklin 25 Is Women's Labor a Commodity? 255 Elizabeth S. Anderson 26 "Goodbye Dolly?" The Ethics of Human Cloning 265 John Harris 27 The Wisdom of Repugnance: Why We Should Ban the Cloning of Humans 274 Leon R. Kass 28 Cognitive Enhancement 283 Allen Buchanan and David R. Crawford [NW] Part IV Liberty and Equality 291 Paternalism and Risk 293 29 Freedom of Action 295 John Stuart Mill 30 On Improving People by Political Means 299 Lester H. Hunt 31 Against the Legalization of Drugs 309 James Q. Wilson 32 Why We Should Decriminalize Drug Use [R] 314 Douglas Husak 33 The Liberal Basis of the Right to Bear Arms [R] 323 Todd C. Hughes and Lester H. Hunt 34 Gun Control 334 Hugh LaFollette Free Speech 346 35 Freedom of Thought and Discussion 348 John Stuart Mill 36 "The Price We Pay?" Pornography and Harm [R] 352 Susan J. Brison 37 The Right to Get Turned On: Pornography, Autonomy, Equality 361 Andrew Altman 38 Sticks and Stones [W] 370 John Arthur 39 Speech Codes and Expressive Harm [W] 381 Andrew Altman Sexual and Racial Discrimination 389 40 Racism 392 Michele Moody-Adams 41 Servility and Self-Respect 401 Thomas E. Hill, Jr. 42 Sexual Harassment 407 Anita M. Superson 43 Date Rape 415 Lois Pineau 44 Men in Groups: Collective Responsibility for Rape [R] 422 Larry May and Robert Strikwerda Affirmative Action 431 45 The Case against Affirmative Action [R] 433 Louis P. Pojman 46 The Rights of Allan Bakke 443 Ronald Dworkin 47 Affirmative Action as Equalizing Opportunity: Challenging the Myth of "Preferential Treatment" [W] 449 Luke Charles Harris and Uma Narayan Part V Justice 461 Punishment 463 48 Punishment and Desert [W] 466 James Rachels 49 Out of Character: On the Psychology of Excuses in the Criminal Law [W] 474 John M. Doris 50 Does Punishment Work? [W] 484 John Paul Wright, Francis T. Cullen, and Kevin M. Beaver 51 In Defense of the Death Penalty 494 Louis P. Pojman 52 Against the Death Penalty 503 Jeffrey Reiman Economic Justice 510 53 A Theory of Justice 513 John Rawls 54 The Entitlement Theory of Justice 524 Robert Nozick 55 Displacing the Distributive Paradigm 535 Iris Marion Young 56 Economic Competition: Should We Care about the Losers? [W] 545 Jonathan Wolff World Hunger 552 57 Famine, Affluence, and Morality 554 Peter Singer 58 Famine Relief and the Ideal Moral Code [W] 563 John Arthur 59 Eradicating Systemic Poverty: Brief for a Global Resources Dividend [R] 571 Thomas W. Pogge 60 Feeding People versus Saving Nature [R] 583 Holmes Rolston III Environment 592 61 The Value of Nature [NW] 594 Ronald Sandler 62 A Place for Cost-Benefit Analysis [R] 602 David Schmidtz 63 Ideals of Human Excellence and Preserving Natural Environments 611 Thomas E. Hill, Jr. 64 A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics, and the Problem of Moral Corruption [NR] 620 Stephen M. Gardiner War, Terrorism, and Reconciliation 631 65 Is the War on Terrorism a Defense of Civilization? [N] 634 Stephen Nathanson 66 Just War Doctrine and the Military Response to Terrorism [R] 640 Joseph Boyle 67 Nipping Evil in the Bud: The Questionable Ethics of Preventive Force [W] 649 Douglas P. Lackey 68 The Justifiability of Humanitarian Intervention [R] 658 Charles R. Beitz 69 Pacifism: Reclaiming the Moral Presumption [W] 666 William J. Hawk 70 Political Reconciliation [NR] 675 Colleen Murphy