Gindaros
Geschichte und Archäologie einer Siedlung im nordwestlichen Syrien von hellenistischer bis in frühbyzantinische Zeit
1st Edition
Published in October 2004
Book
Paperback/Softback
360 pages
978-3-89646-313-5 (ISBN)
Description
Die Untersuchung basiert auf seit 1993 von Damaszener Denkmalpflege und Universität Konstanz durchgeführten Ausgrabungen in Djinderis / Gindaros bei Antiocheia. Die hellenistischen und frühbyzantinischen Befunde und Funde werden vorgestellt und zusammen mit den antiken Schriftzeugnissen für eine Stadtgeschichte herangezogen. Die Gründung um 300 v.Chr. ist trotz des einheimischen Namens rein griechisch geprägt und war Teil der frühseleukidischen Kolonisation. Eine Straße zum Euphrat, Landwirtschaft und Handel bildeten die Lebensgrundlage. Der Höhepunkt liegt im Späthellenismus mit Eastern Sigillata A. Die römische Provinzialisierung verlief zunächst spurlos, 38 v.Chr. wurden unweit der Stadt die Parther geschlagen. Seit der 1. Hälfte des 1. Jhs. zeigen sich italische Einflüsse und wachsende Bedeutung geblasener Glasgefäße. In mittelrömischer Zeit entstand eine Unterstadt, die 253 durch Schapur I. verwüstet wurde. Von der letzten Blüte in frühbyzantinischer Zeit zeugen Bischofssitz, Kloster, ein Gebäude des 4./5. Jhs. und die Unterstadt. Mitte des 6. Jhs. folgte ein Bruch in der Entwicklung, die noch vor der arabischen Eroberung des 7. Jhs. endete.
This study is based on excavations conducted by the archaeological authorities of Damascus and Konstanz University in Djinderis / Gindarus near Antioch from 1993 onwards. The Hellenistic and Early Byzantine features and finds are presented and used for a city history together with the Antique written sources. The foundation around 300 B.C. is purely Greek despite its indigenous name and was part of the Early Seleucid colonization. The basis for living were a street to the river Euphrates, agriculture, and commerce. The city reached its peak during Late Hellenism with Eastern Samian A. At the beginning, the Roman provincialization failed to leave its traces, although the Parthians were defeated close to the city in 38 B.C. From the 1st half of the 1st century onwards, Italian influences and an increasing importance of blown glass vessels are attested. During the Middle Roman period a lower town originated and was devastated by Shapur I. in 253. The final bloom of Early Byzantine times is evident from a bishopric, a monastery, a building of the 4th / 5th century and the lower town. In the mid 6th century a break occurred and the city ceased to exist before the Arab conquest of the 7th century.
This study is based on excavations conducted by the archaeological authorities of Damascus and Konstanz University in Djinderis / Gindarus near Antioch from 1993 onwards. The Hellenistic and Early Byzantine features and finds are presented and used for a city history together with the Antique written sources. The foundation around 300 B.C. is purely Greek despite its indigenous name and was part of the Early Seleucid colonization. The basis for living were a street to the river Euphrates, agriculture, and commerce. The city reached its peak during Late Hellenism with Eastern Samian A. At the beginning, the Roman provincialization failed to leave its traces, although the Parthians were defeated close to the city in 38 B.C. From the 1st half of the 1st century onwards, Italian influences and an increasing importance of blown glass vessels are attested. During the Middle Roman period a lower town originated and was devastated by Shapur I. in 253. The final bloom of Early Byzantine times is evident from a bishopric, a monastery, a building of the 4th / 5th century and the lower town. In the mid 6th century a break occurred and the city ceased to exist before the Arab conquest of the 7th century.