Liquid Crystals
3rd Edition
Published on 21. January 2022
Book
Hardback
416 pages
978-1-119-70582-6 (ISBN)
Description
The latest edition of the leading resource on the properties and applications of liquid crystals In the newly revised Third Edition of Liquid Crystals, Professor Iam Choon Khoo delivers a comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals and applied aspects of optical physics, light scattering, electro-optics, and non-linear optics of liquid crystals. The book's opening chapters include coverage of the foundational physics and optical properties of liquid crystals and lead to more advanced content on the display, photonics and nonlinear optics applications of liquid crystals.
New topics, including photonic crystals, metamaterials, ultrafast nonlinear optics, and fabrication methods for massive cholesteric and blue phase liquid crystals are discussed at length. Analytical methods and experimental observations of nonlinear light propagation through liquid crystalline and anisotropic materials and devices are also discussed.
Liquid Crystals offers an insightful and unique treatment of the nonlinear optics of liquid crystals. New and expanded sections round out this new edition and add to the most up-to-date resource on this topic available today. The book also includes:
A thorough introduction to liquid crystals, including their molecular structures, chemical compositions, order parameter, phase transition, and free energies
Practical discussions of nematic, cholesteric, smectic, and ferroelectric liquid crystals, and explorations of linear and nonlinear light scattering in these phases.
A detailed quantum mechanical treatment of the linear and nonlinear electronic optical response of liquid crystal molecules to optical fields.
A self-contained discussion of the fundamentals of nonlinear optics/photonics and comprehensive review of all liquid crystalline materials-based nonlinear optical processes and applications.
The latest edition of Liquid Crystals is an indispensable resource for graduate students, professors, research scientists and engineers in industrial or government laboratories. It's also an ideal reference for anyone seeking a one-stop textbook with complete coverage of the optical, electro-optical, and non-linear optical properties and processes of liquid crystals.
New topics, including photonic crystals, metamaterials, ultrafast nonlinear optics, and fabrication methods for massive cholesteric and blue phase liquid crystals are discussed at length. Analytical methods and experimental observations of nonlinear light propagation through liquid crystalline and anisotropic materials and devices are also discussed.
Liquid Crystals offers an insightful and unique treatment of the nonlinear optics of liquid crystals. New and expanded sections round out this new edition and add to the most up-to-date resource on this topic available today. The book also includes:
A thorough introduction to liquid crystals, including their molecular structures, chemical compositions, order parameter, phase transition, and free energies
Practical discussions of nematic, cholesteric, smectic, and ferroelectric liquid crystals, and explorations of linear and nonlinear light scattering in these phases.
A detailed quantum mechanical treatment of the linear and nonlinear electronic optical response of liquid crystal molecules to optical fields.
A self-contained discussion of the fundamentals of nonlinear optics/photonics and comprehensive review of all liquid crystalline materials-based nonlinear optical processes and applications.
The latest edition of Liquid Crystals is an indispensable resource for graduate students, professors, research scientists and engineers in industrial or government laboratories. It's also an ideal reference for anyone seeking a one-stop textbook with complete coverage of the optical, electro-optical, and non-linear optical properties and processes of liquid crystals.
Reviews / Votes
"Khoo's book is an exceptional resource that comprehensively explores the fascinating world of its namesake. As with previous editions, this meticulously updated and expanded edition delves deep into both fundamental principles and the myriad applications of these unique materials, making it a useful text for students, researchers, and engineers in the field. This third edition brings the book up to date with the latest advancements in liquid crystal research. New topics for this edition includes photonic crystals, metamaterials, ultrafast nonlinear optics, and fabrication techniques for cholesteric and blue-phase liquid crystals."-Ryan Aguinaldo, IEEE Photonics Newsroom Book Reviews Editor
More details
Series
Edition
3rd edition
Language
English
Place of publication
New York
United States
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Product notice
sewn/stitched
Cloth over boards
Dimensions
Height: 235 mm
Width: 157 mm
Thickness: 27 mm
Weight
755 gr
ISBN-13
978-1-119-70582-6 (9781119705826)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
Previous edition
Iam-Choon Khoo
Liquid Crystals
Book
04/2007
2nd Edition
Wiley
Unfortunately, price unknown
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Person
IAM-CHOON KHOO, PhD, is the William E. Leonhard Professor of Electrical Engineering at Pennsylvania State University, USA. He is a Life Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and a Fellow of the Optical Society of America, UK Institute of Physics and The Electromagnetic Academy.
Content
Preface xiii
Chapter 1. Introduction to Liquid Crystals 1
1.1. Molecular Structures and Chemical Compositions 1
1.2. Optical Properties 3
1.3. Lyotropic, Polymeric, and Thermotropic Liquid Crystals 6
1.4. Mixtures, Polymer-dispersed, and Dye-doped Liquid Crystals 11
1.5. Liquid Crystal Cells Fabrication 16
Chapter 2. Order Parameter, Phase Transition, and Free Energies 29
2.1. Basic Concepts 29
2.2. Molecular Interactions and Phase Transitions 33
2.3. Molecular Theories and Results for the Liquid Crystalline Phase 34
2.4. Isotropic Phase of Liquid Crystals 39
Chapter 3. Nematic Liquid Crystals 44
3.1. Introduction 44
3.2. Elastic Continuum Theory 44
3.3. Dielectric Constants and Refractive Indices 49
3.4. Optical Dielectric Constants and Refractive Indices 53
3.5. Flows and Hydrodynamics 60
3.6. Field-induced Director Axis Reorientation Effects 67
Chapter 4. Cholesteric, Smectic, and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals 73
4.1. Cholesteric Liquid Crystals 73
4.2. Optical Properties of Cholesterics 79
4.3. Cholesteric Blue Phase Liquid Crystals 97
4.4. Smectic and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals: A Brief Survey 100
Chapter 5. Light Scattering 115
5.1. Introduction 115
5.2. Electromagnetic Formalism of Light Scattering in Liquid Crystals 115
5.3. Scattering From Director Axis Fluctuations in Nematic Liquid Crystals 118
5.4. Light Scattering in the Isotropic Phase of Liquid Crystals 122
5.5. Temperature, Wavelength, and Cell Geometry Effects on Scattering 125
5.6. Spectrum of Light and Orientation Fluctuation Dynamics 127
5.7. Raman Scatterings 129
5.8. Brillouin and Rayleigh Scatterings 133
5.9. A Brief Introduction to Nonlinear Light Scattering 138
Chapter 6. Liquid Crystals Optics and Electro-optics 142
6.1. Introduction 142
6.2. Review of Electro-Optics of Anisotropic and Birefringent Crystals 143
6.3. Electro-Optics of Nematic Liquid Crystals 149
6.4. Nematic Liquid Crystal Switches for Display Application 156
6.5. Electro-Optical Effects in Other Phases of Liquid Crystals 159
6.6. Non-Display Applications of Liquid Crystals 163
Chapter 7. Optical Propagation in Anisotropic Materials 175
7.1. Electromagnetic Formalisms for Optical Propagation 175
7.2. Polarized Light Propagation in Liquid Crystal Display Panel 185
7.3. Extended Jones Matrix Method 193
7.4. Finite-difference Time-domain technique 196
7.5. Nonlinear Light Propagation in Liquid Crystals - a First Look 197
7.6. Systems of Units 198
Chapter 8. Laser-induced Reorientation Nonlinear Optical Effects 203
8.1. Introduction 203
8.2. Laser-Induced Molecular Reorientations in the Isotropic Phase 204
8.3. Molecular Reorientations in the Nematic Phase 212
8.4. Nematic Phase Reorientation Dynamics 219
8.5. Laser-Induced Director Axis Realignment in Dye-Doped Liquid Crystals 225
8.6. DC Field Aided Optically Induced Nonlinear Optical Effects in Liquid Crystals - Photorefractivity 226
8.7. Reorientation in Other Phases of Pristine (Undoped) Liquid Crystals 234
Chapter 9. Thermal, Density, Lattice Distortion Optical Nonlinearities in Nematic, Cholesteric, and Blue-phase Liquid Crystals 241
9.1. Introduction 241
9.2. Electrostriction and Flows in Non-Absorbing Liquid Crystals -a General Overview 242
9.3. Laser-Induced Density and Temperature Modulations in Liquid Crystals 245
9.4. Optical Nonlinearities of Nematic Liquid Crystals 254
9.5. Coupled Nonlinear Optical Effects in Nematic Liquid Crystals 260
9.6. Nonlinear Optical Responses of Cholesteric Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals 266
Chapter 10. Electronic Optical Nonlinearities 275
10.1. Introduction to Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Molecules 275
10.2. Density Matrix Formalism for Optical Induced Molecular Electronic Polarizabilities 278
10.3. Linear and Nonlinear Electronic Susceptibilities 282
10.4. Intensity-Dependent Refractive Index Change and nonlinear Absorption 296
Chapter 11. Nonlinear Optics 302
11.1. Introduction 302
11.2. Coupled Maxwell Wave Equations 308
11.3. Nonlinear Optical Phenomena 310
11.4. Stimulated Scatterings 328
11.5. Ultrafast Laser Pulse Self-Action Effects in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals 342
Chapter 12. Nonlinear Optical Processes Observed in Liquid Crystals 348
12.1. Self-Action Nonlinear Optical Processes 348
12.2. Optical Wave Mixings 358
12.3. Liquid Crystals for All-Optical Image Processing 369
12.4. Harmonic Generations and Sum-Frequency Spectroscopy 374
12.5. Optical Switching 37512.6. Nonlinear Absorption and Optical Limiting of Lasers for Eye/Sensor Protection 379
References 390
Index 398
Chapter 1. Introduction to Liquid Crystals 1
1.1. Molecular Structures and Chemical Compositions 1
1.2. Optical Properties 3
1.3. Lyotropic, Polymeric, and Thermotropic Liquid Crystals 6
1.4. Mixtures, Polymer-dispersed, and Dye-doped Liquid Crystals 11
1.5. Liquid Crystal Cells Fabrication 16
Chapter 2. Order Parameter, Phase Transition, and Free Energies 29
2.1. Basic Concepts 29
2.2. Molecular Interactions and Phase Transitions 33
2.3. Molecular Theories and Results for the Liquid Crystalline Phase 34
2.4. Isotropic Phase of Liquid Crystals 39
Chapter 3. Nematic Liquid Crystals 44
3.1. Introduction 44
3.2. Elastic Continuum Theory 44
3.3. Dielectric Constants and Refractive Indices 49
3.4. Optical Dielectric Constants and Refractive Indices 53
3.5. Flows and Hydrodynamics 60
3.6. Field-induced Director Axis Reorientation Effects 67
Chapter 4. Cholesteric, Smectic, and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals 73
4.1. Cholesteric Liquid Crystals 73
4.2. Optical Properties of Cholesterics 79
4.3. Cholesteric Blue Phase Liquid Crystals 97
4.4. Smectic and Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals: A Brief Survey 100
Chapter 5. Light Scattering 115
5.1. Introduction 115
5.2. Electromagnetic Formalism of Light Scattering in Liquid Crystals 115
5.3. Scattering From Director Axis Fluctuations in Nematic Liquid Crystals 118
5.4. Light Scattering in the Isotropic Phase of Liquid Crystals 122
5.5. Temperature, Wavelength, and Cell Geometry Effects on Scattering 125
5.6. Spectrum of Light and Orientation Fluctuation Dynamics 127
5.7. Raman Scatterings 129
5.8. Brillouin and Rayleigh Scatterings 133
5.9. A Brief Introduction to Nonlinear Light Scattering 138
Chapter 6. Liquid Crystals Optics and Electro-optics 142
6.1. Introduction 142
6.2. Review of Electro-Optics of Anisotropic and Birefringent Crystals 143
6.3. Electro-Optics of Nematic Liquid Crystals 149
6.4. Nematic Liquid Crystal Switches for Display Application 156
6.5. Electro-Optical Effects in Other Phases of Liquid Crystals 159
6.6. Non-Display Applications of Liquid Crystals 163
Chapter 7. Optical Propagation in Anisotropic Materials 175
7.1. Electromagnetic Formalisms for Optical Propagation 175
7.2. Polarized Light Propagation in Liquid Crystal Display Panel 185
7.3. Extended Jones Matrix Method 193
7.4. Finite-difference Time-domain technique 196
7.5. Nonlinear Light Propagation in Liquid Crystals - a First Look 197
7.6. Systems of Units 198
Chapter 8. Laser-induced Reorientation Nonlinear Optical Effects 203
8.1. Introduction 203
8.2. Laser-Induced Molecular Reorientations in the Isotropic Phase 204
8.3. Molecular Reorientations in the Nematic Phase 212
8.4. Nematic Phase Reorientation Dynamics 219
8.5. Laser-Induced Director Axis Realignment in Dye-Doped Liquid Crystals 225
8.6. DC Field Aided Optically Induced Nonlinear Optical Effects in Liquid Crystals - Photorefractivity 226
8.7. Reorientation in Other Phases of Pristine (Undoped) Liquid Crystals 234
Chapter 9. Thermal, Density, Lattice Distortion Optical Nonlinearities in Nematic, Cholesteric, and Blue-phase Liquid Crystals 241
9.1. Introduction 241
9.2. Electrostriction and Flows in Non-Absorbing Liquid Crystals -a General Overview 242
9.3. Laser-Induced Density and Temperature Modulations in Liquid Crystals 245
9.4. Optical Nonlinearities of Nematic Liquid Crystals 254
9.5. Coupled Nonlinear Optical Effects in Nematic Liquid Crystals 260
9.6. Nonlinear Optical Responses of Cholesteric Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals 266
Chapter 10. Electronic Optical Nonlinearities 275
10.1. Introduction to Quantum Mechanical Treatment of Molecules 275
10.2. Density Matrix Formalism for Optical Induced Molecular Electronic Polarizabilities 278
10.3. Linear and Nonlinear Electronic Susceptibilities 282
10.4. Intensity-Dependent Refractive Index Change and nonlinear Absorption 296
Chapter 11. Nonlinear Optics 302
11.1. Introduction 302
11.2. Coupled Maxwell Wave Equations 308
11.3. Nonlinear Optical Phenomena 310
11.4. Stimulated Scatterings 328
11.5. Ultrafast Laser Pulse Self-Action Effects in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals 342
Chapter 12. Nonlinear Optical Processes Observed in Liquid Crystals 348
12.1. Self-Action Nonlinear Optical Processes 348
12.2. Optical Wave Mixings 358
12.3. Liquid Crystals for All-Optical Image Processing 369
12.4. Harmonic Generations and Sum-Frequency Spectroscopy 374
12.5. Optical Switching 37512.6. Nonlinear Absorption and Optical Limiting of Lasers for Eye/Sensor Protection 379
References 390
Index 398