The Grand Challenge for the Future

Background.- Economic aspects of vaccines and vaccination: a global perspective.- Private hand.- How and why vaccines are made.- How can the industrial world help to implement new vaccines against poverty-related diseases?.- Public-private partnerships.- New approaches towards development, production and use of developing-country market vaccines in developing countries.- Bench.- Novel vaccination strategies.- Design and selection of vaccine adjuvants: principles and practice.- Vaccination in the context of immunological immaturity.- Regulatory issues.- Regulatory issues in the development of new vaccines with a special emphasis on safety aspects.- Clinical trials.- Clinical trials in developing countries: ethical issues.- Vaccine safety and adverse events: lessons learnt.- Sequential stages of clinical trials and overview of issues to be considered.- Practical aspects of phase 3 vaccine trials in developing countries.- Vaccination programmes.- Issues to be considered for the introduction of new vaccines into national vaccination programmes.