Created Equal
A Social and Political History of the United States, Volume II (from 1865)
2nd Edition
Published on 1. March 2006
Book
Paperback/Softback
656 pages
978-0-321-31725-4 (ISBN)
Description
In its comprehensive and inclusive view of American history, Created Equal provides an accurate, broad, deep, and compelling view of the nation?s past. Emphasizing social history-including the lives and labors of women, immigrants, working people, and persons of color in all regions of the country-Created Equal also delivers the basics of political and economic history, thoughtfully examining the roles that all peoples have played in creating and defining those aspects of the nation?s past.
Created Equal explores an expanding notion of American identity-one that encompasses the stories of diverse groups of people, territorial growth and expansion, the rise of the middle class, technological innovation and economic development, and engagement with other nations and peoples of the world.
Created Equal explores an expanding notion of American identity-one that encompasses the stories of diverse groups of people, territorial growth and expansion, the rise of the middle class, technological innovation and economic development, and engagement with other nations and peoples of the world.
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Edition
2nd edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Weight
1302 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-321-31725-4 (9780321317254)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
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Previous edition
Jacqueline A. Jones | Peter H. Wood | Elaine Tyler May
Created Equal
A Social and Political History of the United States, Volume II: From 1865 (Chapters 15-30)
Book
03/2004
Pearson
€68.08
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Content
V. Disunion and Reunion (Cont.)
15. In the Wake of War: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877.
The Struggle over the South.
Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies.
Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867.
The Southern Postwar Labor Problem.
Building Free Communities.
Landscapes and Soundscapes of Freedom.
Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals' Plan.
The Remarkable Career of Blanche K. Bruce.
Claiming Territory for the Union.
Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians.
The Postwar Western Labor Problem.
Land Use in an Expanding Nation.
Buying Territory for the Union.
The Republican Vision and Its Limits.
Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement.
Workers' Organizations.
Political Corruption and the Decline of Republican Idealism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: A Southern Labor Contract.
Connecting History: Two Presidents Impeached.
Mapping History: Great Salt Lake Basin.
VI. THE EMERGENCE OF MODERN AMERICA, 1877-1900.
16. Standardizing the Nation: Innovations in Technology, Business, and Culture, 1877-1890.
The New Shape of Business.
New Systems and Machines-and Their Price.
Alterations in the Natural Environment.
Innovations in Financing and Organizing Business.
New Labor Supplies for a New Economy.
Efficient Machines, Efficient People.
The Birth of a National Urban Culture.
Economic Sources of Urban Growth.
Building the Cities.
Local Government Gets Bigger.
Thrills, Chills, and Bathtubs: The Emergence of Consumer Culture.
Shows as Spectacles.
Entertainment Collides with Tradition.
"Palaces of Consumption."
Defending the New Industrial Order.
The Contradictory Politics of Laissez-Faire.
Social Darwinism and the "Natural" State of Society.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading
Connecting History: Persuading People to Buy: Advertising in American History.
Interpreting History: Andrew Carnegie and the "Gospel of Wealth."
Mapping History: Chicago, Illinois and Gary, Indiana.
17. Challenges to Government and Corporate Power: Resistance and Reform, 1877-1890.
Resistance to Legal and Military Authority.
Chinese Lawsuits in California.
Blacks in the "New South."
"Jim Crow" in the West.
The Ghost Dance on the High Plains.
Revolt in the Workplace.
Trouble on the Farm.
Militancy in the Factories and Mines.
The Haymarket Bombing.
Crosscurrents of Reform.
The Goal of Indian Assimilation.
Trans-Atlantic Networks of Reform.
Women Reformers: "Beginning to Burst the Bonds."
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Rural Protests and Rebellions.
Interpreting History: "Albert Parsons's Plea for Anarchy."
Mapping History: Lower Mississippi Valley.
18. Political and Cultural Conflict in a Decade of Depression and War: The 1890s.
Frontiers at Home, Lost and Found.
Claiming and Managing the Land.
The Tyranny of Racial Categories.
New Roles for Schools.
Connections Between Consciousness and Behavior.
The Search for Alliances.
Class Conflict.
Rise and Demise of the Populists.
Barriers to a U.S. Workers' Political Movement.
Challenges to Traditional Gender Roles.
American Imperialism.
Cultural Encounters with the Exotic.
Initial Imperialist Ventures.
The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War of 1898.
Critics of Imperialism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Modern Olympic Games.
Interpreting History: Proceedings of the Congressional Committee on the Philippines.
Mapping History: Coeur d'Alene and Northern Idaho/Western Montana.
VII. REFORM AT HOME, REVOLUTION ABROAD, 1900-1929.
19. The Promise and Perils of Progressive Reform, 1900-1912.
Migration and Immigration: The Changing Face of the Nation.
The Heartland: Land of Newcomers.
The Southwest: Mexican Borderlands.
Asian Immigration and the Impact of Exclusion.
Newcomers from Southern and Eastern Europe.
Work, Science, and Leisure.
Reform and Science: An Uneasy Alliance.
Scientific Management and Mass Production.
New Amusements.
"Sex O'Clock in America."
Artists Respond to the New Era.
Reformers and Radicals.
Muckraking, Moral Reform, and Vice Crusades.
Women's Suffrage.
Radical Politics and the Labor Movement.
Resistance to Racism.
Expanding National Power.
The "Rough Rider" as President.
Protecting and Preserving the Natural World.
Expanding National Power Abroad.
William Howard Taft: The One-Term Progressive.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Rose Freedman.
Interpreting History: Defining Whiteness.
Mapping History: Northeast Minnesota and Northwest Wisconsin.
20. War and Revolution, 1912-1920.
A World in Upheaval.
The Apex of European Conquest.
Confronting Revolutions Abroad.
Conflicts over Hierarchies at Home.
The Great War and American Neutrality.
"The One Great Nation at Peace."
Reform Priorities at Home.
The Great Migration.
Limits to American Neutrality.
The United States Goes to War.
The Logic of Belligerency.
Mobilizing the Home Front.
Ensuring Unity.
The War in Europe.
The Struggle to Win the Peace.
Peacemaking and the Versailles Treaty.
Waging Counterrevolution Abroad.
The Red and Black Scares at Home.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: African American Women in the Great War.
Connecting History: The League of Nations and International Security.
Mapping History: The Four Corners Region.
21. The Promise of Consumer Culture: The 1920s.
The Business of Politics.
Warren G. Harding: The Politics of Scandal.
Calvin Coolidge: The Hands-Off President.
Herbert Hoover: The Self-Made President.
The Decline of Reform.
Women's Rights After the Struggle of Suffrage.
Prohibition: The Experiment That Failed.
Reactionary Impulses.
Marcus Garvey and the Persistence of Civil Rights Activism.
Hollywood and Harlem: National Cultures in Black and White.
Hollywood Comes of Age.
The Harlem Renaissance.
Radios and Autos: Transforming Leisure at Home.
Science on Trial.
The Great Flood of 1927.
The Triumph of Eugenics: Buck v. Bell.
Science, Religion, and the Scopes Trial.
Consumer Dreams and Nightmares.
Marketing the Good Life.
Writers, Critics, and the "Lost Generation."
Poverty amid Plenty.
The Stock Market Crash.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Globalization of American Popular Culture.
Interpreting History: F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.
Mapping History: Los Angeles and Its Environs.
VIII. FROM DEPRESSION AND WAR TO WORLD POWER, 1929-1953.
22. Hardship and Hope in the 1930s: The Great Depression.
The Great Depression.
Causes of the Crisis.
"We Are Not Bums."
Surviving Hard Times.
The Dust Bowl.
Presidential Responses to the Depression.
Herbert Hoover: Tackling the Crisis.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The Pragmatist.
"Nothing to Fear but Fear Itself."
The New Deal.
The First Hundred Days.
Monumental Projects Transforming the Landscape.
Protest and Pressure from the Left and the Right.
Eleanor Roosevelt: Activist and First Lady.
The Second New Deal.
FDR's Second Term.
A New Political Culture.
The Labor Movement.
The New Deal Coalition.
A New Americanism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Songs of the Great Depression.
Connecting History: Presidents and the Media.
Mapping History: Las Vegas/Hoover Dam Area.
23. Global Conflict: World War II, 1937-1945.
Mobilizing for War.
The Rise of Fascism.
Aggression in Europe and Asia.
The Great Debate: Americans Contemplate War.
Pearl Harbor: The United States Enters the War.
December 7, 1941.
Japanese American Relocation.
Foreign Nationals in the United States.
Wartime Migrations.
The Home Front.
Building Morale.
Home Front Workers, "Rosie the Riveter," and "Victory Girls."
Race and War.
The Holocaust.
Racial Tensions at Home.
Fighting for the "Double V."
Total War.
The War in Europe.
The War in the Pacific.
The End of the War.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Zelda Webb Anderson, "You Just Met One Who Does Not Know How to Cook."
Connecting History: The Atomic Bomb: Political and Cultural Fallout.
Mapping History: Hawaii.
24. Cold War and Hot War, 1945-1953.
The Uncertainties of Victory.
Global Destruction.
Vacuums of Power.
Postwar Reconversion.
Contesting Racial Hierarchies.
Class Conflict.
The Quest for Security.
Redefining National Security.
Conflict with the Soviet Union.
The Policy of Containment.
Colonialism and the Cold War.
The Impact of Nuclear Weapons.
A Cold War Society.
Family Lives.
The Growth of the South and the West.
Harry Truman and the Limits of Liberal Reform.
The Cold War at Home.
Who Is a Loyal American?
The United States and Asia.
The Chinese Civil War.
The Creation of the National Security State.
At War in Korea.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Origins of the Cold War.
Interpreting History: NSC-68.
Mapping History: Washington, D.C.
IX. THE COLD WAR AT FULL TIDE, 1953-1979.
25. Domestic Dreams and Atomic Nightmares, 1953-1963.
Cold War, Warm Hearth.
Consumer Spending and the Suburban Ideal.
Race, Class, and Domesticity.
Women: Back to the Future.
The Civil Rights Movement.
Brown v. Board of Education.
White Resistance, Black Persistence.
Boycotts and Sit-Ins.
The Eisenhower Years.
The Middle of the Road.
"What's Good for General Motors . . . "
Eisenhower's Foreign Policy.
Outsiders and Opposition.
Youth, Sex, and Rock `n' Roll.
Rebellious Men.
Mobilizing for Peace and the Environment.
The Kennedy Era.
Domestic Policy.
Foreign Policy.
A Year of Turning Points.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
Connecting History: Anticommunism.
Mapping History: The Texas-Louisiana Coast.
26. The Nation Divides: The Vietnam War and Social Conflict, 1964-1971.
Lyndon Johnson and the Apex of Liberalism.
The New President.
The Great Society: Fighting Poverty and Discrimination.
The Great Society: Improving the Quality of Life.
The Liberal Warren Court.
Into War in Vietnam.
The Vietnamese Revolution and the United States.
Johnson's War.
Americans in Southeast Asia.
1968: The Turning Point.
The Movement.
From Civil Rights to Black Power.
The New Left and the Struggle Against the War.
Cultural Rebellion and the Counterculture.
Women's Liberation.
The Many Fronts of Liberation.
The Conservative Response.
Backlashes.
The Turmoil of 1968 at Home.
The Nixon Administration.
Escalating and Deescalating in Vietnam.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Coming to America.
Interpreting History: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Vietnam War.
Mapping History: The San Francisco Bay Area.
27. Reconsidering National Priorities, 1972-1979.
Twin Shocks: Detente and Watergate.
Triangular Diplomacy.
Scandal in the White House.
The Nation After Watergate.
Discovering the Limits of the U.S. Economy.
The End of the Long Boom.
The Oil Embargo.
The Environmental Movement.
Reshuffling Politics.
Congressional Power Reasserted.
"I Will Never Lie to You."
Rise of a Peacemaker.
The War on Waste.
Diffusing the Women's Movement.
The Meanings of Women's Liberation.
New Opportunities in Education, the Workplace, and Family Life.
Equality under the Law.
Backlash.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Energy Use in the United States.
Interpreting History: The Church Committee and CIA Covert Operations.
Mapping History: Northern and Eastern Alaska.
X. Global Connections at Home and Abroad: New Threats and Possibilities, 1979-2004.
28. The Cold War Returns-and Ends, 1979-1991.
Anticommunism Revived.
Iran and Afghanistan.
The Conservative Victory of 1980.
Renewing the Cold War.
Republican Rule at Home.
"Reaganomics" and the Assault on Welfare.
An Embattled Environment.
A Society Divided.
Cultural Conflict.
The Rise of the Religious Right.
Dissenters Push Back.
The New Immigration.
The End of the Cold War.
From Cold War to Detente.
The Iran-Contra Scandal.
A Global Policeman?
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Is Material Success Corrupting?
Interpreting History: Religion and Politics in the 1980s.
Mapping History: Southern Florida.
29. Post-Cold War America, 1991-2000.
The Economy: Global and Domestic.
The Post-Cold War Economy.
The Widening Gap between Rich and Poor.
Labor Unions.
Tolerance and Its Limits.
"We Can All Get Along."
Values in Conflict.
Courtroom Dramas.
The Changing Face of Diversity.
Violence and Danger.
Domestic Terrorism.
Kids Who Kill.
A Healthy Nation?
The Clinton Presidency.
Clinton: The New Democrat.
Clinton's Domestic Agenda and the "Republican Revolution."
The Impeachment Crisis.
The Nation and the World..
Trade Agreements.
Efforts at Peacemaking.
Military Interventions and International Terrorism.
The Contested Election of 2000.
The Campaign, the Vote, and the Courts.
The Aftermath.
Legacies of Election 2000.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Vermont Civil Union Law.
Connecting History: Voting.
Mapping History: Front Range, Rocky Mountains.
30. A Global Nation for the New Millennium.
The George W. Bush Administration.
The President and the War on Terrorism.
Security and Politics at Home.
The War in Iraq.
The Election of 2004.
The American Place in a Global Economy.
The Logic and Technology of Globalization.
Free Trade and the Global Assembly Line.
Who Benefits from Globalization?
The Stewardship of Natural Resources.
Ecological Transformations.
Pollution.
Environmentalism and Its Limitations.
The Expansion of American Popular Culture Abroad.
A Culture of Diversity and Entertainment.
U.S. Influence Abroad Since the Cold War.
Resistance to American Popular Culture.
Identity in Contemporary America.
Negotiating Multiple Identities.
Social Change and Abiding Discrimination.
Still an Immigrant Society.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Internet and the World Wide Web.
Interpreting History: The Slow Food Movement.
Mapping History: Puget Sound and Western Washington.
Appendix.
The Declaration of Independence.
The Articles of Confederation.
The Constitution of the United States of America.
Amendments to the Constitution.
Presidential Elections.
Glossary.
Credits.
Index.
Maps.
Radical Reconstruction.
Plains Indian Wars, 1865-1900.
The Compromise of 1877.
Agricultural Regions of the Midwest and Northeast.
Some Places Where Chinese Located, 1865-1880.
Population of Foreign-Born, by Region, 1880.
Southern Tenancy and Sharecropping, 1880.
Buffalo Soldiers.
Indian Lands Lost, 1850-1890.
Estimated Membership, by State, of the National Farmers Alliance.
Population Density, 1890.
Indian Territory and the State of Oklahoma, 1885-1907.
Indian Reservations, 1900.
Compulsory School Attendance Laws, by State.
Manufacturing in the United States, 1900.
The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War of 1898.
Foreign-Born Population, 1900.
Areas Excluded from Immigration to the United States, 1882-1952.
Russian and Italian Immigrants in the United States, 1910.
U.S. Interests and Interventions in the Caribbean Region, 1898-1939.
Prominent National Parks of the American West.
World War I in Europe and the Western Front, 1918.
Europe After World War I.
The Mississippi River Flood of 1927.
Americans on the Move, 1870s-1930s.
Dust and Drought, 1931-1939.
Areas Served by the Tennessee Valley Authority.
The Internment of Japanese Americans During World War II.
Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camps.
World War II in Europe.
World War II in the Pacific.
Occupation of Germany and Austria, 1946-1949.
Europe Divided by the Cold War.
Asia After World War II.
The Korean War, 1950-1953.
Major Events of the African American Civil Rights Movements, 1953-1963.
Cold War Spheres of Influence, 1953-1963.
The Nuclear Landscape.
Percentage of Population Living Below the Poverty Line, 1969 (by State).
The American War in Vietnam.
Major Social and Political Protests, 1962-1971.
Nuclear Weapons Before Detente.
The Gradual Liberation of Southern Africa from White Minority Rule.
Building Nuclear Power Plants.
Trouble Spots in the Middle East, 1979-1993.
Federally Owned Lands in the West.
The Soviet Bloc Dissolves.
The Gulf War.
States with Large Numbers of Undocumented Immigrants, 1995.
The Breakup of Former Yugoslavia.
The Contested Election of 2000.
Iraq and the Middle East.
Top Ten U.S. Trading Partners.
Water Sources in the American West.
State Population Growth, 1990-2000.
Figures.
Amount of Forest Cleaning Each Decade, by Major Region, 1850-1909.
How Indians Used the Buffalo.
Menu from Drake Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, for Thanksgiving, 1886.
Number of Immigrants Entering the United States, 1821-1990.
Casualties of the Great War, 1914-1918.
Number of Immigrants and Countries of Origin, 1891-1920 and 1921-1940.
Transformation of the Upper Midwest, 1880-1980.
Opportunities for Veterans.
Marital Status of the U.S. Adult Population, 1900-1995.
The Baby Boom in Historical Context.
U.S. Troops and Deaths in Vietnam (As of December 31st of Each Year).
Imported Petroleum as Share of U.S. Consumption.
The Death Penalty: Practices and Opinions.
Distribution of Wealth and Income.
Childhood Obesity Rates for Boys and Girls, Aged 6-17, 1960s and 1990s.
World Crude Oil Reserves, 2000.
U.S. Petroleum Imports by Leading Countries of Origin, April 2004.
Self-Described Religious Affiliation in the United States, 2000.
Tables.
Comparison of Black and White Household Structure in 27 Cotton-Belt Counties.
Estimates of Railroad Crossties Used and Acres of Forest Cleared, 1870-1910.
National and International Union Members of the National Labor Union.
Number of Firms by Number of Employees per Firm, 1850 and 1880.
Percentage of Farms Operated by Tenants or Sharecroppers.
Work Hours Needed to Produce Specified Amounts of Wheat, Corn, and Cotton, 1880 and 1900.
Categories of Employment, 1880-1910.
Key New Deal Legislation, 1933-1938.
Features.
Interpreting History.
A Southern Labor Contract.
Andrew Carnegie and the "Gospel of Wealth."
"Albert Parson's Plea for Anarchy."
Proceedings of the Congressional Committee on the Philippines.
Defining Whiteness.
African American Women in the Great War.
F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.
Songs of the Great Depression.
Zelda Webb Anderson, "You Just Met One Who Does Not Know How to Cook."
NSC-68.
Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
Martin Luther King Jr. and the Vietnam War.
The Church Committee and CIA Covert Operations.
Religion and Politics in the 1980s.
Vermont Civil Union Law.
The Slow Food Movement.
Connecting History.
Two Presidents Impeached.
Persuading People to Buy: Advertising in American History.
Rural Protests and Rebellions.
The Modern Olympic Games.
Rose Freedman.
The League of Nations and International Security.
The Globalization of American Popular Culture.
Presidents and the Media.
The Atomic Bomb: Political and Cultural Fallout.
The Origins of the Cold War.
Anticommunism.
Coming to America.
Energy Use in the United States.
Is Material Success Corrupting?
Voting.
The Internet and the World Wide Web.
Mapping History.
Great Lake Salt Basin.
Chicago and Gary, Indiana.
The Lower Mississippi Valley.
Coeur d' Alene and Northern Idaho/Western Montana.
Northeast Minnesota and Northwest Wisconsin.
Southern Colorado and Northern New Mexico.
Los Angeles and Its Environs.
Las Vegas/Hoover Dam Area.
Hawaii.
Washington, D.C.
The Texas-Louisiana Coast.
The San Francisco Bay Area.
Northern and Eastern Alaska.
Southern Florida.
Front Range, Rocky Mountains.
Puget Sound and Western Washington.
15. In the Wake of War: Consolidating a Triumphant Union, 1865-1877.
The Struggle over the South.
Wartime Preludes to Postwar Policies.
Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867.
The Southern Postwar Labor Problem.
Building Free Communities.
Landscapes and Soundscapes of Freedom.
Congressional Reconstruction: The Radicals' Plan.
The Remarkable Career of Blanche K. Bruce.
Claiming Territory for the Union.
Federal Military Campaigns Against Western Indians.
The Postwar Western Labor Problem.
Land Use in an Expanding Nation.
Buying Territory for the Union.
The Republican Vision and Its Limits.
Postbellum Origins of the Woman Suffrage Movement.
Workers' Organizations.
Political Corruption and the Decline of Republican Idealism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: A Southern Labor Contract.
Connecting History: Two Presidents Impeached.
Mapping History: Great Salt Lake Basin.
VI. THE EMERGENCE OF MODERN AMERICA, 1877-1900.
16. Standardizing the Nation: Innovations in Technology, Business, and Culture, 1877-1890.
The New Shape of Business.
New Systems and Machines-and Their Price.
Alterations in the Natural Environment.
Innovations in Financing and Organizing Business.
New Labor Supplies for a New Economy.
Efficient Machines, Efficient People.
The Birth of a National Urban Culture.
Economic Sources of Urban Growth.
Building the Cities.
Local Government Gets Bigger.
Thrills, Chills, and Bathtubs: The Emergence of Consumer Culture.
Shows as Spectacles.
Entertainment Collides with Tradition.
"Palaces of Consumption."
Defending the New Industrial Order.
The Contradictory Politics of Laissez-Faire.
Social Darwinism and the "Natural" State of Society.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading
Connecting History: Persuading People to Buy: Advertising in American History.
Interpreting History: Andrew Carnegie and the "Gospel of Wealth."
Mapping History: Chicago, Illinois and Gary, Indiana.
17. Challenges to Government and Corporate Power: Resistance and Reform, 1877-1890.
Resistance to Legal and Military Authority.
Chinese Lawsuits in California.
Blacks in the "New South."
"Jim Crow" in the West.
The Ghost Dance on the High Plains.
Revolt in the Workplace.
Trouble on the Farm.
Militancy in the Factories and Mines.
The Haymarket Bombing.
Crosscurrents of Reform.
The Goal of Indian Assimilation.
Trans-Atlantic Networks of Reform.
Women Reformers: "Beginning to Burst the Bonds."
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Rural Protests and Rebellions.
Interpreting History: "Albert Parsons's Plea for Anarchy."
Mapping History: Lower Mississippi Valley.
18. Political and Cultural Conflict in a Decade of Depression and War: The 1890s.
Frontiers at Home, Lost and Found.
Claiming and Managing the Land.
The Tyranny of Racial Categories.
New Roles for Schools.
Connections Between Consciousness and Behavior.
The Search for Alliances.
Class Conflict.
Rise and Demise of the Populists.
Barriers to a U.S. Workers' Political Movement.
Challenges to Traditional Gender Roles.
American Imperialism.
Cultural Encounters with the Exotic.
Initial Imperialist Ventures.
The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War of 1898.
Critics of Imperialism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Modern Olympic Games.
Interpreting History: Proceedings of the Congressional Committee on the Philippines.
Mapping History: Coeur d'Alene and Northern Idaho/Western Montana.
VII. REFORM AT HOME, REVOLUTION ABROAD, 1900-1929.
19. The Promise and Perils of Progressive Reform, 1900-1912.
Migration and Immigration: The Changing Face of the Nation.
The Heartland: Land of Newcomers.
The Southwest: Mexican Borderlands.
Asian Immigration and the Impact of Exclusion.
Newcomers from Southern and Eastern Europe.
Work, Science, and Leisure.
Reform and Science: An Uneasy Alliance.
Scientific Management and Mass Production.
New Amusements.
"Sex O'Clock in America."
Artists Respond to the New Era.
Reformers and Radicals.
Muckraking, Moral Reform, and Vice Crusades.
Women's Suffrage.
Radical Politics and the Labor Movement.
Resistance to Racism.
Expanding National Power.
The "Rough Rider" as President.
Protecting and Preserving the Natural World.
Expanding National Power Abroad.
William Howard Taft: The One-Term Progressive.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Rose Freedman.
Interpreting History: Defining Whiteness.
Mapping History: Northeast Minnesota and Northwest Wisconsin.
20. War and Revolution, 1912-1920.
A World in Upheaval.
The Apex of European Conquest.
Confronting Revolutions Abroad.
Conflicts over Hierarchies at Home.
The Great War and American Neutrality.
"The One Great Nation at Peace."
Reform Priorities at Home.
The Great Migration.
Limits to American Neutrality.
The United States Goes to War.
The Logic of Belligerency.
Mobilizing the Home Front.
Ensuring Unity.
The War in Europe.
The Struggle to Win the Peace.
Peacemaking and the Versailles Treaty.
Waging Counterrevolution Abroad.
The Red and Black Scares at Home.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: African American Women in the Great War.
Connecting History: The League of Nations and International Security.
Mapping History: The Four Corners Region.
21. The Promise of Consumer Culture: The 1920s.
The Business of Politics.
Warren G. Harding: The Politics of Scandal.
Calvin Coolidge: The Hands-Off President.
Herbert Hoover: The Self-Made President.
The Decline of Reform.
Women's Rights After the Struggle of Suffrage.
Prohibition: The Experiment That Failed.
Reactionary Impulses.
Marcus Garvey and the Persistence of Civil Rights Activism.
Hollywood and Harlem: National Cultures in Black and White.
Hollywood Comes of Age.
The Harlem Renaissance.
Radios and Autos: Transforming Leisure at Home.
Science on Trial.
The Great Flood of 1927.
The Triumph of Eugenics: Buck v. Bell.
Science, Religion, and the Scopes Trial.
Consumer Dreams and Nightmares.
Marketing the Good Life.
Writers, Critics, and the "Lost Generation."
Poverty amid Plenty.
The Stock Market Crash.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Globalization of American Popular Culture.
Interpreting History: F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.
Mapping History: Los Angeles and Its Environs.
VIII. FROM DEPRESSION AND WAR TO WORLD POWER, 1929-1953.
22. Hardship and Hope in the 1930s: The Great Depression.
The Great Depression.
Causes of the Crisis.
"We Are Not Bums."
Surviving Hard Times.
The Dust Bowl.
Presidential Responses to the Depression.
Herbert Hoover: Tackling the Crisis.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt: The Pragmatist.
"Nothing to Fear but Fear Itself."
The New Deal.
The First Hundred Days.
Monumental Projects Transforming the Landscape.
Protest and Pressure from the Left and the Right.
Eleanor Roosevelt: Activist and First Lady.
The Second New Deal.
FDR's Second Term.
A New Political Culture.
The Labor Movement.
The New Deal Coalition.
A New Americanism.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Songs of the Great Depression.
Connecting History: Presidents and the Media.
Mapping History: Las Vegas/Hoover Dam Area.
23. Global Conflict: World War II, 1937-1945.
Mobilizing for War.
The Rise of Fascism.
Aggression in Europe and Asia.
The Great Debate: Americans Contemplate War.
Pearl Harbor: The United States Enters the War.
December 7, 1941.
Japanese American Relocation.
Foreign Nationals in the United States.
Wartime Migrations.
The Home Front.
Building Morale.
Home Front Workers, "Rosie the Riveter," and "Victory Girls."
Race and War.
The Holocaust.
Racial Tensions at Home.
Fighting for the "Double V."
Total War.
The War in Europe.
The War in the Pacific.
The End of the War.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Zelda Webb Anderson, "You Just Met One Who Does Not Know How to Cook."
Connecting History: The Atomic Bomb: Political and Cultural Fallout.
Mapping History: Hawaii.
24. Cold War and Hot War, 1945-1953.
The Uncertainties of Victory.
Global Destruction.
Vacuums of Power.
Postwar Reconversion.
Contesting Racial Hierarchies.
Class Conflict.
The Quest for Security.
Redefining National Security.
Conflict with the Soviet Union.
The Policy of Containment.
Colonialism and the Cold War.
The Impact of Nuclear Weapons.
A Cold War Society.
Family Lives.
The Growth of the South and the West.
Harry Truman and the Limits of Liberal Reform.
The Cold War at Home.
Who Is a Loyal American?
The United States and Asia.
The Chinese Civil War.
The Creation of the National Security State.
At War in Korea.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Origins of the Cold War.
Interpreting History: NSC-68.
Mapping History: Washington, D.C.
IX. THE COLD WAR AT FULL TIDE, 1953-1979.
25. Domestic Dreams and Atomic Nightmares, 1953-1963.
Cold War, Warm Hearth.
Consumer Spending and the Suburban Ideal.
Race, Class, and Domesticity.
Women: Back to the Future.
The Civil Rights Movement.
Brown v. Board of Education.
White Resistance, Black Persistence.
Boycotts and Sit-Ins.
The Eisenhower Years.
The Middle of the Road.
"What's Good for General Motors . . . "
Eisenhower's Foreign Policy.
Outsiders and Opposition.
Youth, Sex, and Rock `n' Roll.
Rebellious Men.
Mobilizing for Peace and the Environment.
The Kennedy Era.
Domestic Policy.
Foreign Policy.
A Year of Turning Points.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
Connecting History: Anticommunism.
Mapping History: The Texas-Louisiana Coast.
26. The Nation Divides: The Vietnam War and Social Conflict, 1964-1971.
Lyndon Johnson and the Apex of Liberalism.
The New President.
The Great Society: Fighting Poverty and Discrimination.
The Great Society: Improving the Quality of Life.
The Liberal Warren Court.
Into War in Vietnam.
The Vietnamese Revolution and the United States.
Johnson's War.
Americans in Southeast Asia.
1968: The Turning Point.
The Movement.
From Civil Rights to Black Power.
The New Left and the Struggle Against the War.
Cultural Rebellion and the Counterculture.
Women's Liberation.
The Many Fronts of Liberation.
The Conservative Response.
Backlashes.
The Turmoil of 1968 at Home.
The Nixon Administration.
Escalating and Deescalating in Vietnam.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Coming to America.
Interpreting History: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Vietnam War.
Mapping History: The San Francisco Bay Area.
27. Reconsidering National Priorities, 1972-1979.
Twin Shocks: Detente and Watergate.
Triangular Diplomacy.
Scandal in the White House.
The Nation After Watergate.
Discovering the Limits of the U.S. Economy.
The End of the Long Boom.
The Oil Embargo.
The Environmental Movement.
Reshuffling Politics.
Congressional Power Reasserted.
"I Will Never Lie to You."
Rise of a Peacemaker.
The War on Waste.
Diffusing the Women's Movement.
The Meanings of Women's Liberation.
New Opportunities in Education, the Workplace, and Family Life.
Equality under the Law.
Backlash.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Energy Use in the United States.
Interpreting History: The Church Committee and CIA Covert Operations.
Mapping History: Northern and Eastern Alaska.
X. Global Connections at Home and Abroad: New Threats and Possibilities, 1979-2004.
28. The Cold War Returns-and Ends, 1979-1991.
Anticommunism Revived.
Iran and Afghanistan.
The Conservative Victory of 1980.
Renewing the Cold War.
Republican Rule at Home.
"Reaganomics" and the Assault on Welfare.
An Embattled Environment.
A Society Divided.
Cultural Conflict.
The Rise of the Religious Right.
Dissenters Push Back.
The New Immigration.
The End of the Cold War.
From Cold War to Detente.
The Iran-Contra Scandal.
A Global Policeman?
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: Is Material Success Corrupting?
Interpreting History: Religion and Politics in the 1980s.
Mapping History: Southern Florida.
29. Post-Cold War America, 1991-2000.
The Economy: Global and Domestic.
The Post-Cold War Economy.
The Widening Gap between Rich and Poor.
Labor Unions.
Tolerance and Its Limits.
"We Can All Get Along."
Values in Conflict.
Courtroom Dramas.
The Changing Face of Diversity.
Violence and Danger.
Domestic Terrorism.
Kids Who Kill.
A Healthy Nation?
The Clinton Presidency.
Clinton: The New Democrat.
Clinton's Domestic Agenda and the "Republican Revolution."
The Impeachment Crisis.
The Nation and the World..
Trade Agreements.
Efforts at Peacemaking.
Military Interventions and International Terrorism.
The Contested Election of 2000.
The Campaign, the Vote, and the Courts.
The Aftermath.
Legacies of Election 2000.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Interpreting History: Vermont Civil Union Law.
Connecting History: Voting.
Mapping History: Front Range, Rocky Mountains.
30. A Global Nation for the New Millennium.
The George W. Bush Administration.
The President and the War on Terrorism.
Security and Politics at Home.
The War in Iraq.
The Election of 2004.
The American Place in a Global Economy.
The Logic and Technology of Globalization.
Free Trade and the Global Assembly Line.
Who Benefits from Globalization?
The Stewardship of Natural Resources.
Ecological Transformations.
Pollution.
Environmentalism and Its Limitations.
The Expansion of American Popular Culture Abroad.
A Culture of Diversity and Entertainment.
U.S. Influence Abroad Since the Cold War.
Resistance to American Popular Culture.
Identity in Contemporary America.
Negotiating Multiple Identities.
Social Change and Abiding Discrimination.
Still an Immigrant Society.
Conclusion.
Sites to Visit.
For Further Reading.
Connecting History: The Internet and the World Wide Web.
Interpreting History: The Slow Food Movement.
Mapping History: Puget Sound and Western Washington.
Appendix.
The Declaration of Independence.
The Articles of Confederation.
The Constitution of the United States of America.
Amendments to the Constitution.
Presidential Elections.
Glossary.
Credits.
Index.
Maps.
Radical Reconstruction.
Plains Indian Wars, 1865-1900.
The Compromise of 1877.
Agricultural Regions of the Midwest and Northeast.
Some Places Where Chinese Located, 1865-1880.
Population of Foreign-Born, by Region, 1880.
Southern Tenancy and Sharecropping, 1880.
Buffalo Soldiers.
Indian Lands Lost, 1850-1890.
Estimated Membership, by State, of the National Farmers Alliance.
Population Density, 1890.
Indian Territory and the State of Oklahoma, 1885-1907.
Indian Reservations, 1900.
Compulsory School Attendance Laws, by State.
Manufacturing in the United States, 1900.
The Spanish-American-Cuban-Filipino War of 1898.
Foreign-Born Population, 1900.
Areas Excluded from Immigration to the United States, 1882-1952.
Russian and Italian Immigrants in the United States, 1910.
U.S. Interests and Interventions in the Caribbean Region, 1898-1939.
Prominent National Parks of the American West.
World War I in Europe and the Western Front, 1918.
Europe After World War I.
The Mississippi River Flood of 1927.
Americans on the Move, 1870s-1930s.
Dust and Drought, 1931-1939.
Areas Served by the Tennessee Valley Authority.
The Internment of Japanese Americans During World War II.
Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camps.
World War II in Europe.
World War II in the Pacific.
Occupation of Germany and Austria, 1946-1949.
Europe Divided by the Cold War.
Asia After World War II.
The Korean War, 1950-1953.
Major Events of the African American Civil Rights Movements, 1953-1963.
Cold War Spheres of Influence, 1953-1963.
The Nuclear Landscape.
Percentage of Population Living Below the Poverty Line, 1969 (by State).
The American War in Vietnam.
Major Social and Political Protests, 1962-1971.
Nuclear Weapons Before Detente.
The Gradual Liberation of Southern Africa from White Minority Rule.
Building Nuclear Power Plants.
Trouble Spots in the Middle East, 1979-1993.
Federally Owned Lands in the West.
The Soviet Bloc Dissolves.
The Gulf War.
States with Large Numbers of Undocumented Immigrants, 1995.
The Breakup of Former Yugoslavia.
The Contested Election of 2000.
Iraq and the Middle East.
Top Ten U.S. Trading Partners.
Water Sources in the American West.
State Population Growth, 1990-2000.
Figures.
Amount of Forest Cleaning Each Decade, by Major Region, 1850-1909.
How Indians Used the Buffalo.
Menu from Drake Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, for Thanksgiving, 1886.
Number of Immigrants Entering the United States, 1821-1990.
Casualties of the Great War, 1914-1918.
Number of Immigrants and Countries of Origin, 1891-1920 and 1921-1940.
Transformation of the Upper Midwest, 1880-1980.
Opportunities for Veterans.
Marital Status of the U.S. Adult Population, 1900-1995.
The Baby Boom in Historical Context.
U.S. Troops and Deaths in Vietnam (As of December 31st of Each Year).
Imported Petroleum as Share of U.S. Consumption.
The Death Penalty: Practices and Opinions.
Distribution of Wealth and Income.
Childhood Obesity Rates for Boys and Girls, Aged 6-17, 1960s and 1990s.
World Crude Oil Reserves, 2000.
U.S. Petroleum Imports by Leading Countries of Origin, April 2004.
Self-Described Religious Affiliation in the United States, 2000.
Tables.
Comparison of Black and White Household Structure in 27 Cotton-Belt Counties.
Estimates of Railroad Crossties Used and Acres of Forest Cleared, 1870-1910.
National and International Union Members of the National Labor Union.
Number of Firms by Number of Employees per Firm, 1850 and 1880.
Percentage of Farms Operated by Tenants or Sharecroppers.
Work Hours Needed to Produce Specified Amounts of Wheat, Corn, and Cotton, 1880 and 1900.
Categories of Employment, 1880-1910.
Key New Deal Legislation, 1933-1938.
Features.
Interpreting History.
A Southern Labor Contract.
Andrew Carnegie and the "Gospel of Wealth."
"Albert Parson's Plea for Anarchy."
Proceedings of the Congressional Committee on the Philippines.
Defining Whiteness.
African American Women in the Great War.
F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.
Songs of the Great Depression.
Zelda Webb Anderson, "You Just Met One Who Does Not Know How to Cook."
NSC-68.
Rachel Carson, Silent Spring.
Martin Luther King Jr. and the Vietnam War.
The Church Committee and CIA Covert Operations.
Religion and Politics in the 1980s.
Vermont Civil Union Law.
The Slow Food Movement.
Connecting History.
Two Presidents Impeached.
Persuading People to Buy: Advertising in American History.
Rural Protests and Rebellions.
The Modern Olympic Games.
Rose Freedman.
The League of Nations and International Security.
The Globalization of American Popular Culture.
Presidents and the Media.
The Atomic Bomb: Political and Cultural Fallout.
The Origins of the Cold War.
Anticommunism.
Coming to America.
Energy Use in the United States.
Is Material Success Corrupting?
Voting.
The Internet and the World Wide Web.
Mapping History.
Great Lake Salt Basin.
Chicago and Gary, Indiana.
The Lower Mississippi Valley.
Coeur d' Alene and Northern Idaho/Western Montana.
Northeast Minnesota and Northwest Wisconsin.
Southern Colorado and Northern New Mexico.
Los Angeles and Its Environs.
Las Vegas/Hoover Dam Area.
Hawaii.
Washington, D.C.
The Texas-Louisiana Coast.
The San Francisco Bay Area.
Northern and Eastern Alaska.
Southern Florida.
Front Range, Rocky Mountains.
Puget Sound and Western Washington.