Research Methods

Section One: Thinking Like a Scientist. Module 1: Science and Psychology. Areas of Psychological Research. Sources of Knowledge. Goals of Science. Basic and Applied Research. Module 2: An Introduction to Research Methods. An Introduction to Research Methods in Science. Doing Science. Proof and Disproof. The Research Process. Section One Summary and Review Section Two: Getting Started. Module 3: Research Ideas. Reviewing the Literature. Reading a Journal Article: What to ExpectModule 4: Ethical Research. Ethical Standards in Research with Human Participants. Ethical Standards in Research with Children. Ethical Standards in Research with Animals. Module 5: Defining, Measuring, and Manipulating Variables Defining Variables. Properties of Measurement. Scales of Measurement. Discrete and Continuous Variables. Types of Measures. Module 6: Reliability and Validity. Reliability. Validity. The Relationship Between Reliability and Validity. Section Two Summary and Review. Section Three: Descriptive Methods. Module 7: Observation, Case Studies, Archival Method, and Qualitative Methods Observational Methods. Case Study Method. Archival Method. Qualitative Methods. Module 8: Survey Methods. Survey Construction. Administering Surveys. Sampling Techniques. Section Three Summary and Review Section Four: Predictive (Relational) Methods Module 9: Correlational Methods. Conducting Correlational Research. Magnitude, Scatterplots, and Types of Relationships. Misinterpreting Correlations. Prediction and Correlation. Module 10: Quasi-Experimental Designs. Nonmanipulated Independent Variables. An Example: Snow and Cholera. Types of Quasi-Experimental Designs. Internal Validity and Confounds in Quasi-Experimental Designs. Module 11: Conducting Single-Case Research Types of Single-Case Designs. Section Four Summary and Review. Section Five: Explanatory Methods. Module 12: Between Participants Experimental Designs Control and Confounds. Threats to Internal Validity. Threats to External Validity. Module 13: Correlated-Groups and Alternative Experimental Designs Within-Participants Experimental Designs. Matched-Participants Experimental Designs. Developmental Designs. Module 14: Advanced Experimental Designs. Experimental Designs with More Than Two Levels of an Independent Variable. Using Designs with More Than Two Levels of an Independent Variable. Experimental Designs With More Than One Independent Variable. Section Five Summary and Review. Section Six: Statistical Concepts. Module 15: Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics I. Organizing Data. Descriptive Statistics. Module 16: Descriptive Statistics II. Measures of Variation. Types of Distributions. z-Scores. Correlation Coefficients. Advanced Correlational Techniques: Regression Analysis. Module 17: Inferential Statistics I-Hypothesis Testing. Null and Alternative Hypotheses. One- and Two-Tailed Hypothesis Tests. Type I and Type II Errors in Hypothesis Testing. Statistical Significance and Errors. Parametric Statistics for Two-group Designs. Module 18: Inferential Statistics II. Comparing More Than Two Kinds of Treatment in One Study. Analyzing the Multiple-Group Experiment. Between-Participants Designs: One-Way Randomized ANOVA. One-way Repeated Measure ANOVA and Two-way ANOVA. Section Six Summary and Review. Section Seven: APA Communications Guidelines. Module 19:APA Communication Guidelines. Writing Clearly. Avoiding Grammatical Problems. Reporting Numbers. Citing and Referencing. Typing and Word Processing. Organizing the Paper. APA Formatting Checklist. Conference Presentations. Module 20: APA Sample Paper. Section Seven Summary and Review. Appendix: Statistical Tables. References. Glossary. Index.