Materials Science and Design for Engineers

<ul><li>About the Authors</li><li>Preface</li><li>Contents in Brief</li><li>Part One: Fundamentals of Materials Science & Engineering</li><li>Chapter 1: Introduction</li><li>WHY STUDY MATERIALS SCIENCE AND DESIGN?</li><li>WHAT PROPERTIES DETERMINE PERFORMANCE OF A MATERIAL?</li><li>WHAT CHOICES ARE AVAILABLE IN MATERIALS?</li><li>WHAT ARE RECENT ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND DESIGN?</li><li>WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF MATERIALS IN TODAY'S SOCIETY?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Chapter 2: Atomic Bonding and Structure of Materials</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>HOW ARE ATOMS ARRANGED IN METALS AND MATERIALS?</li><li>HOW ARE CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS IMPORTANT IN THE REAL WORLD?</li><li>HOW ARE CRYSTALS PROPERTIES DETERMINED?</li><li>HOW ARE CRYSTALS FORMED IN METALS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 3: Crystal Imperfections, Deformation and Metal Forming</li><li>WHAT IMPERFECTIONS EXIST IN REAL CRYSTALS?</li><li>HOW DO DISLOCATIONS INFLUENCE PLASTIC DEFORMATION?</li><li>WHY ARE BCC AND FCC METALS DUCTILE WHEREAS HCP METALS ARE NOT?</li><li>HOW CAN WE WORK WITH METALS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 4: Diffusion and Kinetics of Materials</li><li>WHAT IS KINETICS OF MATERIALS AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?</li><li>HOW DO ATOMIC MOVEMENTS RESULT IN DIFFUSION?</li><li>WHAT FACTORS AFFECT DIFFUSION?</li><li>WHAT RULES GOVERN DIFFUSION?</li><li>WHAT EXAMPLES OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS of DIFFUSION AND ITS KINETICS CAN BE IDENTIFIED?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems.</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Part Two: Physical & Mechanical Metallurgy</li><li>Chapter 5: Microstructural Characterization and Design</li><li>WHAT ARE SOLID-SOLUTIONS, PHASES, & MICROCONSTITUENTS?</li><li>WHAT IS MICOSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? HOW CAN WE PREPARE AND EXAMINE A METALLOGRAPHIC SAMPLE?</li><li>HOW CAN WE CHARACTERIZE MICROSTRUCTURE BY USING ELECTRON MICROSCOPES?</li><li>HOW CAN WE QUANTITATIVELY ANALYZE MICROSTRUCTURES?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN MICROSTRUCTURE FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 6: Phase Diagrams and Alloy Systems</li><li>WHAT IS THE BASIS OF PHASE DIAGARMS?</li><li>HOW DO ALLOYS FORM?</li><li>WHAT ARE PHASE-TRANMSFORMATION REACTIONS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE REPRESENT VARIOUS ALLOY SYSTEMS IN PHASE DIAGRAMS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE REPRESENT ISOMORPHOUIS ALLOYS IN PHASE DIAGRAM?</li><li>HOW CAN WE REPRESENT EUTECTIC ALLOYS IN PHASE DIAGRAMS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE REPRESENT PERITECTIC ALLOYS IN PHASE DIAGRAMS? WHAT EXAMPLES OF COMPLEX PHASE DIAGARMS CAN WE IDENTIFY?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 7: Designing Alloys Using a Controlled Strengthening Mechanism</li><li>HOW ARE ALLOYS STRENGTHENED AND TOUGHENED?</li><li>WHAT ARE EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS OF STRENGHENED ALLOYS?</li><li>Applications. Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 8: Processing and Mechanical Properties of Metals</li><li>WHAT METHODS ARE USED TO PROCESS METALS AND ALLOYS?</li><li>WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS? HOW CAN WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ELASTIC AND PLASTIC DEFORMATION?</li><li>HOW IS TENSILE TESTING USEFUL IN OBTAINING TENSILE PROPERTIES?</li><li>WHAT ARE ELASTIC AND IMPACT PROPERTIES OF METALS?</li><li>HOW DO METALS RESIST INDENTATION?</li><li>HOW DO METALS BEHAVE UNDER CYCLIC STRESES?</li><li>HOW DO METALS BEHAVE AT HIGH TEMPEARATURES?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems</li><li>Chapter 9: Designs against Fracture and Failure</li><li>WHAT ARE THE MODES OF FRACTURE IN METALS?</li><li>HOW DOES TEMPERATURE DROP RESULTS IN DBT FAILURE?</li><li>HOW IS FRACTURE BEHAVIOR AFFECTED BY PRESENCE OF A CRACK?</li><li>HOW IS DESIGN PHILOSOPHY USEFUL TO AVOID FRACTURE?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN MATERIALS TO AVOID CREEP AND STRESSRUPTURE?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN MATERIALS TO AVOID CREEP AND STRESSRUPTURE?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 10: Corrosion and Protective Systems Design</li><li>WHY DO METALS CORRODE? WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON FORM OF CORROSION?</li><li>HOW IS ELECTROCHEMISTRY HELPFUL IN EXPLAINING CORROSION?</li><li>WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF CORROSION?</li><li>HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY CORROSION?</li><li>WHAT IS LOCALLIZED CORROSION? AND WHAT ARE ITS FORMS?</li><li>HOW DO METALLURGICAL CONDITIONS INFLUENCE CORROSION?</li><li>HOW DO MECHANICAL CONDITIONS INDUCE CORROSION?</li><li>HOW DO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ASSIST CRACKING?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS AGAINST CORROSION?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Part Three: Design of Engineering Alloys</li><li>Chapter 11: Plain-Carbon Steels and Heat Treatment</li><li>WHAT ARE PLAIN-CARBON STEELS? AND HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY THEM?</li><li>WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF CARBON & OTHER IMPURITIES ON STEEL?</li><li>WHAT IS HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL? AND WHIY IS IT IMPORTANT?</li><li>HOW IS HEAT-TREATMENT OF STEEL DEPENDENT ON RATE OF COOLING?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN A HEAT-TREATMENT PROCESS USING the Fe- C PHASE DIAGRAM?</li><li>HOW DOES RATE OF COOLING AFFECT PHASE TRANSFORMATION IN STEEL?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN HEAT TRAETMENT PROCESS USING TTT/CCT DIAGRAM?</li><li>HOW CAN WE HARDEN SURFACES BY HEAT TREATMENT?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 12: Ferrous Alloys: <i>Science and Design</i></li><li>HOW ARE STEEL-ALLOY DESIGNS USEFUL FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>HOW ARE CAST-IRON DESIGNS USEFUL FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 13: Non-Ferrous Alloys: <i>Science and Design</i></li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN LIGHTWEIGHT STRONG ALUMINUM ALLOYS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN COPPER ALLOYS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN MAGNESIUM FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>WHY ARE TITANUM AND ITS ALLOYS SUITABLE FOR AERSOPACE AND BIO-MEDICAL APPLICATIONS?</li><li>WHY ARE ZINC-BASE ALLOYS WIDELY USED FOR DIE-CASTING?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN NICKEL ALLOYS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN ALLOYS FOR GAS TURBINES APPLICATIONS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems. Materials Selection and Design Problems.</li><li>Part Four: Non-Metallic Materials: Science and Design</li><li>Chapter 14: Ceramics, Glasses and Carbon Materials</li><li>HOW CAN WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN CERAMICS AND GLASSES?</li><li>HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY CERAMICS BASED ON THEIR APPLICATIONS?</li><li>WHAT ARE SIMPLE CERAMIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURES?</li><li>WHAT ARE CARBON MATERIALS? AND HOW ARE THEY BONDED & STRUCTURED?</li><li>WHAT ARE THE COMPLEX CERAMIC STRUCTURES?</li><li>WHAT ARE PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS FOR DESIGN APPLICATIONS?</li><li>WHAT ARE REFRACTORY APPLICATIONS OF CERAMICS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE PROCESS CERAMICS?</li><li>WHAT ARE SURFACE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF CERAMICS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 15: Polymers and Plastics</li><li>HOW CAN WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN POLYMERS AND PLASTICS?</li><li>WHAT IS POLYMERRIZATION?</li><li>HOW ARE PLASTICS MANUFACTURED BY POLYMERIZATION?</li><li>WHAT IS THE IMPACT OF PLASTICS ON ENVIRONMENT?</li><li>WHAT ARE THE COMMONLY USED PLASTICS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THEMOPLASTICS AND THERMOSETS?</li><li>ARE POLYMERS CRYSTALLIME OR AMORPHOUS?</li><li>HOW DO POLYMERS BEHAVE UNDER STRESS? AND WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY?</li><li>WHAT IS THE ROLE OF Tg ON DESIGN APPLICATIONS OF POYMERS?</li><li>WHAT ARE ELASTOMERS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE PROCESS PLASTIC MATERIALS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DESIGN POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems. Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 16: Composite Materials</li><li>WHAT PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITES CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR DESIGN APPLICATIONS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY COMPOSITE MATERIALS?</li><li>HOW ARE COMPOSITE MATERIALS MADE?</li><li>WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR MMCs?</li><li>WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR CMCs?</li><li>WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR PMCs?</li><li>HOW CAN WE PERFORM DESIGN CALCULATIONS FOR LAMELLAR FIBROUS COMPOSITES?</li><li>WHAT IS THE SCIENCE AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPOSITES?</li><li>WHAT IS THE SCIENCE AND DESIGN OF HYBRID COMPOSITES?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems. Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 17: Electronic Materials</li><li>WHY IS TODAY'S CIVILIZATION KNOWN AS THE 'SILICON AGE'?</li><li>HOW IS THE ENERGY-BAND MODEL HELPFUL IN ASSESSING CONDUCTIVITY?</li><li>WHAT ARE INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTORS?</li><li>HOW IS ELECTRICAL CHARGE TRANSPORTED IN A SEMICONDUCTOR?</li><li>WHAT ARE EXTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTORS? AND WHAT TYPES ARE THRE?</li><li>WHAT ARE SEMICODUCTOR DEVICES? AND WHY ARE THEY IMPORTANT?</li><li>HOW ARE SEMICONDUCTORS PROCESSED TO FABRICATE I.Cs?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information. Questions and Problems</li><li>Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Chapter 18: Optical and Superconducting Materials</li><li>HOW CAN WE EXPLAIN THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM?</li><li>WHAT IS THE TECHNOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF REFRACTION OF LIGHT?</li><li>WHAT IS THE ROLE OF OPTICAL FIBERS IN TODAY'S COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY?</li><li>HOW DOES LIGHT INTERACT WITH SOLIDS?</li><li>WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR LUMINESCENT AND ELECTROLUMINECENT MATERIALS?</li><li>WHAT DESIGN APPLICATIONS CAN WE IDENTIFY FOR SUPERCONDUCTORS?</li><li>HOW CAN WE EXPLAIN SUPERCONDUCTIVITY?</li><li>WHAT EXAMPLES OF SUPERCONDCTING MATERIALS CAN WE IDENTIFY?</li><li>HOW CAN WE DISTINGUISH BETWEEN TYPE-I & TYPE-II SUPERCONDUCTORS?</li><li>WHAT IS THE TECHNOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF HIGH-CURRENT HIGH-FIELD SUPERCONDUCTORS?</li><li>WHAT EXAMPLES OF HIGH Tc SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS CAN WE IDENTIFY? WHAT ARE THE EXAMPLES OF RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN SUPERCONDUCTORS?</li><li>Summary</li><li>Additional Information</li><li>Questions and Problems. Materials Selection and Design Problems</li><li>Answers to Problems</li></ul>