Understanding Development

Preface to the Second Edition x

Acknowledgements xi

Acronyms and Abbreviations xii

Introduction: Understanding development 1
? A brief history of development 1
? Development and the United Nations system 6
? Conceptualizing development 9

1 Theorizing development 13
? From three worlds to the North-South divide 13
? The major economic approaches to development 18
? The East Asian 'miracle' 30

2 Approaching development 35
? Culture and development 25
? Anthropology and development 42
? Post-development perspectives 46

3 Health, education and population 54
? Population and development 54
? Health and development 64
? Education and development 71

4 Gender and development 80
? A brief history of gender and development 81
? Women and development 83
? Gender and development: critical debates 93
? Gender and development: future trajectories 101

5 Conflict, security and development 105
? The merging of development and security 105
? Fragile and failing states 109
? Human security 114
? Peace-keeping 117
? Post-conflict development 123
? The reform of the United Nations system 126

6 Trade and development 129
? The free trade debate 129
? Fair trade and development 138
? The WTO and the World Trading System 140
? Trade and development: a complex relationship 145

7 Participation in development 151
? Participatory development 151
? NGOs and development 158
? International institutions and representation 167
? Civil society, social capital and development 169

8 Financing development: foreign aid and debt 174
? The debt crisis in the developing world 174
? Dealing with debt 178
? Foreign aid 181
? Does aid work? 185
? The G8 Gleneagles agreement 192
? Enhancing the effectiveness of aid 195
? Global development co-operation 197

9 Sustainable development 200
? Development and the global environment 200
? Globalization, development and the environment 203
? Global governance and the environment 208
? Sustainable development 214

10 Globalization and development 223
? Approaching globalization 223
? Globalization and the developmental state 225
? Globalization and development 229
? Globalization and the network society 232
? Global cities and uneven development 238

11 Migration, displacement and humanitarianism 244
? Displacement, development and the refugee crisis 244
? Humanitarianism and development 252
? Migration, remittances and development 260

12 The UN Millennium Development Goals 266
? The UN Millennium Development Goals 267
? Criticism of the UN Millennium Development Goals 268
? UN Millennium Development Goals: the achievements 270
? How effective were the UN Millennium Development Goals? 282

13 The UN Sustainable Development Goals 287
? The formation of the Sustainable Development Goals 287
? The Sustainable Development Goals: critical perspectives 290
? The need for a data revolution 293
? Financing the Sustainable Development Goals 295
? The prospects for the Sustainable Development Goals 299

Conclusion: Development-future trajectories 305
? What has development actually achieved? 305
? In defence of development 307
? Development: future trajectories 309

Notes 318

Bibliography 324

Index 382