Architecture

Part 1 1800-1850: romantic classicism around 1800; the doctrine of J.-N.-L. Durand and its application in Northern Europe; France and the rest of the continent; Great Britain; the New World; the picturesque and the gothic revival; building with iron and glass 1790-1855. Part 2 1850-1900: second empire Paris, United Italy, and imperial and royal Vienna; second empire and cognate modes elsewhere; high Victorian gothic in England; later neo-gothic outside England; Norman Shaw and his contemporaries; H.H. Richardson and McKim, Mean and White; the rise of commercial architecture in England and America; the development of the detached house in England and America from 1800 to 1900. Part 3 1890-1955: the beginnings of the Art Nouveau - Victor Horta; the spread of the Art Nouveau - the work of C.R. Mackintosh and Antoni Gaudi; modern architects of the first generation in France - Auguste Perret and Tony Garnier; Frank Lloyd Wright and his California contemporaries; Peter Behrens and other German architects; the first generation in Austria, Holland and Scandinavia; the early work of the second generation - Walter Gropius, Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Rietveld and Oud; later work of the leaders of the second generation; architecture called traditional in the 20th century; architecture at the mid century.