Polymer Chemistry

Introduction to Chain Molecules
Introduction
How Big is Big?
Linear and Branched Polymers, Homopolymers, and Copolymers
Addition, Condensation, and Natural Polymers
Polymer Nomenclature
Structural Isomerism
Molecular Weights and Molecular Weight Averages
Measurement of Molecular Weight
Preview of Things to Come

Step-Growth Polymerization
Introduction
Condensation Polymers: One Step at a Time
Kinetics of Step-Growth Polymerization
Distribution of Molecular Sizes
Polyesters
Polyamides
Stoichiometric Imbalance

Chain-Growth polymerization
Introduction
Chain-Growth and Step-Growth Polymerizations: Some Comparisons
Initiation
Termination
Propagation
Radical Lifetime
Distribution of Molecular Weights
Chain Transfer

Controlled Polymerization
Introduction
Poisson Distribution for an Ideal Living Polymerization
Anionic Polymerization
Block Copolymers, End-Functional Polymers, and Branched Polymers by Anionic Polymerization
Cationic Polymerization
Controlled Radical Polymerization
Polymerization Equilibrium
Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP)
Dendrimers

Copolymers, Microstructure, and Stereoregularity
Introduction
Copolymer Composition
Reactivity Ratios
Resonance and Reactivity
A Closer Look at Microstructure
Copolymer Composition and Microstructure: Experimental Aspects
Characterizing Stereoregularity
A Statistical Description of Stereoregularity
Assessing Stereoregularity by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Ziegler-Natta Catalysts
Single-Site Catalysts

Polymer Conformations
Conformations, Bond Rotation, and Polymer Size
Average End-to-End Distance for Model Chains
Characteristic Ratio and Statistical Segment Length
Semiflexible Chains and the Persistence Length
Radius of Gyration
Spheres, Rods, and Coils
Distributions for End-to-End Distance and Segment Density
Self-Avoiding Chains: A First Look

Thermodynamics of Polymer Solutions
Review of Thermodynamic and Statistical Thermodynamic Concepts
Regular Solution Theory
Flory-Huggins Theory
Osmotic Pressure
Phase Behavior of Polymer Solutions
What's in c?
Excluded Volume and Chains in a Good Solvent

Light Scattering by Polymer Solutions
Introduction: Light Waves
Basic Concepts of Scattering
Scattering by an Isolated Small Molecule
Scattering from a Dilute Polymer Solution
The Form Factor and the Zimm Equation
Scattering Regimes and Particular Form Factors
Experimental Aspects of Light Scattering

Dynamics of Dilute Polymer Solutions
Introduction: Friction and Viscosity
Stokes' Law and Einstein's Law
Intrinsic Viscosity
Measurement of Viscosity
Diffusion Coefficient and Friction Factor
Dynamic Light Scattering
Hydrodynamic Interactions and Draining
Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)

Networks, Gels, and Rubber Elasticity
Formation of Networks by Random Cross-Linking
Polymerization with Multifunctional Monomers
Elastic Deformation
Thermodynamics of Elasticity
Statistical Mechanical Theory of Rubber Elasticity: Ideal Case
Further Developments in Rubber Elasticity
Swelling of Gels

Linear Viscoelasticity
Basic Concepts
The Response of the Maxwell and Voigt Elements
Boltzmann Superposition Principle
Bead-Spring Model
Zimm Model for Dilute Solutions, Rouse Model for Unentangled Melts
Phenomenology of Entanglement
Reptation Model
Aspects of Experimental Rheometry

Glass Transition
Introduction
Thermodynamics Aspects of the Glass Transition
Locating the Glass Transition Temperature
Free Volume Description of the Glass Transition
Time-Temperature Superposition
Factors that Affect the Glass Transition Temperature
Mechanical Properties of Glassy Polymers

Crystalline Polymers
Introduction and Overview
Structure and Characterization of Unit Cells
The Thermodynamics of Crystallization: Relation of Melting Temperature to Molecular Structure
Structure and Melting of Lamellae
Kinetics of Nucleation and Growth
Morphology of Semicrystalline Polymers
The Kinetics of Bulk Crystallization

Appendix
*Each Chapter contains a Chapter Summary and Problems