Transience and Permanence in Urban Development

List of Contributors xiii Notes on Contributors xv Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxv 1 Introduction: Temporary Uses as Alternative Practices 1 John Henneberry Vacant land and temporary use 1 Theorising and conceptualising temporary use 3 Describing and analysing temporary uses 6 Critical analysis of temporary use 9 The coverage of the book 11 Acknowledgement 13 References 14 2 Forcing the Empties Back to Work? Ruinphobia and the Bluntness of Law and Policy 17 Luke Bennett Introduction: gazing upon the New Ruins 17 How ruinphobia unsettles us 18 Tracing ruinphobia into urban law and policy 20 Time is always running out for a building and its uses 26 Is ruinphobia forcing empties back to work, or are law's tools blunt? 27 References 28 3 Liminal Spaces and Theorising the Permanence of Transience 31 Nicola Livingstone and Peter Matthews Introduction 31 Theorising transient spatialities 33 Food banks as spaces of the in-between 36 Temporalities and 'yet-ness' in Wester Hailes 39 Conclusion 42 References 43 4 Temporary Uses Producing Difference in Contemporary Urbanism 47 Panu Lehtovuori and Sampo Ruoppila Introduction 47 The difference that temporary uses may produce 48 Temporary uses, appropriation and the Right to the City 49 Towards a socio-spatial theory of temporary uses - margins, fallows, amenities, commons 51 Difference driven by users 54 Temporary uses, regeneration and gentrification 57 Conclusion: non-commodified spaces in a commodifying city 60 References 62 5 Short-Term Projects, Long-Term Ambitions: Facets of Transience in Two London Development Sites 65 Krystallia Kamvasinou Introduction 65 Historical framework 66 Case study 1: Canning Town Caravanserai: semi-public community and events space with emphasis on up-cycling 68 Case study 2: Cultivate London Brentford Lock: urban farm and social enterprise project 73 Analytical framework: key themes 78 Concluding thoughts 80 Acknowledgements 82 References 82 6 Navigating the Rapids of Urban Development: Lessons from the Biospheric Foundation, Salford, UK 85 Beth Perry, Vincent Walsh and Catherine Barlow Introduction 85 From vision to practice 86 The Janus faces of urban socio-ecological experimentation 95 Acknowledgements 98 References 98 7 The Urban Voids of Istanbul 101 Basak Tanulku Istanbul: global city of Turkey with no 'vacancy' 102 Different types of urban voids in Istanbul 103 Three case studies 105 Physical void: from ghostly historic homes to high-value offices 105 Physical void: squatting as an alternative space 108 Symbolic void: the Ataturk Cultural Centre 111 Conclusion 114 Acknowledgments 115 References 115 8 Institutionalizing Urban Possibility: Urban Greening and Vacant Land Governance in Three American Cities 117 Katherine Foo State strategies in urban shrinkage 117 Environmental coalitions in urban shrinkage 118 Methods 119 Civic environmental coalitions in weak land markets 120 Windows of opportunity: political coalitions in Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore 122 Political will and investment capacity: a counter-cyclical relationship 128 References 129 9 The Trajectory of Berlin's 'Interim Spaces': Tensions and Conflicts in the Mobilisation of 'Temporary Uses' of Urban Space in Local Economic Development 131 Claire Colomb 'Temporary uses' and 'interim spaces' in reunified Berlin 132 The mobilisation of 'temporary uses' in local economic development and place marketing policies 134 The dilemmas and tensions inherent in the mobilisation of temporary uses as a tool of urban revitalisation: trajectories, conflicts and resistance 136 The contested future of the Tempelhof airfield 141 Conclusion 146 References 147 10 Pop-up Justice? Reflecting on Relationships in the Temporary City 151 Amelia Thorpe, Timothy Moore and Lee Stickells Tactics and interventions 151 Justice in the city 154 Attending to the particular 157 Attending to the collective 161 Conclusion 165 Acknowledgements 166 References 166 11 Planning, Property Rights, and the Tragedy of the Anticommons: Temporary Uses in Portland and Detroit 171 Matthew F Gebhardt Introduction 171 The Tragedy of the Anticommons 172 Anticommons and real estate development 173 Anticommons, informality, and temporary use 175 Case studies 177 Conclusion 182 References 183 12 Valuation and the Evolution of New Uses and Buildings 185 Neil Crosby and John Henneberry Introduction 185 The acceptance of the new 186 The comparative approach to property valuation 189 The institutional context of the application of comparison techniques 193 The calculative regime of comparative valuation 195 References 196 13 Public Policy and Urban Transience: Provoking New Urban Development through Contemporary Models of Property Based Finance in England 199 Kevin Muldoon-Smith and Paul Greenhalgh Introduction: public policy and urban transience 199 Conceptual framework 200 Fiscal decentralisation and the urban built environment 202 Financing urban transience 206 Discussion and conclusion 210 References 212 14 Tackling Hardcore Vacancy through Compulsory Sale Orders 215 David Adams Introduction 215 Hardcore vacancy 216 An institutional explanation of hardcore vacancy 220 Compulsory Sale Orders 224 Balancing property rights and responsibilities 226 Conclusions 228 References 229 15 Frameworks for Temporary Use: Experiments of Urban Regeneration in Bremen, Rome and Budapest 231 Daniela Patti and Levente Polyak The conditions of temporary use 232 Transferring models 233 Municipality-initiated temporary use: ZwischenZeitZentrale, Bremen 235 Formalising activism: temporary use experiments in Rome 238 Establishing trust: public and private initiatives for temporary use in Budapest 242 Conclusions 246 References 248 16 Conclusions: The Tensions and Dilemmas of Transience 249 John Henneberry Time, transience and temporality 250 The structural position of transience in the urban system 252 The transition from temporary to established use 256 Policy and transience 260 Conclusions 263 Acknowledgements 264 References 264 Index 265