Metaheuristics for Intelligent Electrical Networks
1st Edition
Published on 11. August 2017
Book
Hardback
288 pages
978-1-84821-809-3 (ISBN)
Description
Intelligence is defined by the ability to optimize, manage and reconcile the currents of physical, economic and even social flows. The strong constraint of immediacy proves to be an opportunity to imagine, propose and deliver solutions on the common basis of optimization techniques.
Metaheuristics for Intelligent Electrical Networks analyzes the use of metaheuristics through independent applications but united by the same methodology.
Metaheuristics for Intelligent Electrical Networks analyzes the use of metaheuristics through independent applications but united by the same methodology.
More details
Language
English
Place of publication
London
United Kingdom
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Product notice
sewn/stitched
Cloth over boards
Dimensions
Height: 239 mm
Width: 155 mm
Thickness: 20 mm
Weight
567 gr
ISBN-13
978-1-84821-809-3 (9781848218093)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
Frederic Heliodore | Amir Nakib | Boussaad Ismail
Metaheuristics for Intelligent Electrical Networks
E-Book
08/2017
Wiley-ISTE
€139.99
Available for download
Frederic Heliodore | Amir Nakib | Boussaad Ismail
Metaheuristics for Intelligent Electrical Networks
E-Book
08/2017
Wiley-ISTE
€139.99
Available for download
Persons
Frederic Heliodore is Director of Data & Analytics at General Electric Grid Solutions.
Amir Nakib is Associate Professor in Computer Science at University Paris-Est, France and member of the optimization team of the LISSI laboratory.
Boussaad Ismail is Research Engineer at General Electric Grid Solutions.
Salma Ouchraa is a PhD student in Computer Science at the Laboratory of Conception and Systems in the Faculty of Science at University Mohammed V in Rabat, Morocco.
Laurent Schmitt is the Secretary General of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E).
Amir Nakib is Associate Professor in Computer Science at University Paris-Est, France and member of the optimization team of the LISSI laboratory.
Boussaad Ismail is Research Engineer at General Electric Grid Solutions.
Salma Ouchraa is a PhD student in Computer Science at the Laboratory of Conception and Systems in the Faculty of Science at University Mohammed V in Rabat, Morocco.
Laurent Schmitt is the Secretary General of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E).
Content
Introduction xi
Chapter 1 Single Solution Based Metaheuristics 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The descent method 2
1.3 Simulated annealing 3
1.4 Microcanonical annealing 4
1.5 Tabu search 6
1.6 Pattern search algorithms 6
1.6.1 The GRASP method 7
1.6.2 Variable neighborhood search 8
1.6.3 Guided local search 10
1.6.4 Iterated local search 11
1.7 Other methods 12
1.7.1 The Nelder-Mead simplex method 13
1.7.2 The noising method 14
1.7.3 Smoothing methods 15
1.8 Conclusion 16
Chapter 2 Population-based Methods 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Evolutionary algorithms 18
2.2.1 Genetic algorithms 18
2.2.2 Evolution strategies 20
2.2.3 Coevolutionary algorithms 21
2.2.4 Cultural algorithms 21
2.2.5 Differential evolution 23
2.2.6 Biogeography-based optimization 25
2.2.7 Hybrid metaheuristic based on Bayesian estimation 27
2.3 Swarm intelligence 29
2.3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization 29
2.3.2 Ant colony optimization 32
2.3.3 Cuckoo search 35
2.3.4 The firefly algorithm 36
2.3.5 The fireworks algorithm 38
2.4 Conclusion 42
Chapter 3 Performance Evaluation of Metaheuristics 43
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Performance measures 44
3.2.1 Quality of solutions 44
3.2.2 Computational effort 45
3.2.3 Robustness 46
3.3 Statistical analysis 46
3.3.1 Data description 47
3.3.2 Statistical tests 48
3.4 Literature benchmarks 49
3.4.1 Characteristics of a test function 49
3.4.2 Test functions 50
3.5 Conclusion 58
Chapter 4 Metaheuristics for FACTS Placement and Sizing 59
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 FACTS devices 61
4.2.1 The SVC 62
4.2.2 The STATCOM 63
4.2.3 The TCSC 63
4.2.4 The UPFC 63
4.3 The PF model and its solution 64
4.3.1 The PF model 64
4.3.2 Solution of the network equations 66
4.3.3 FACTS implementation and network modification 69
4.3.4 Formulation of FACTS placement problem as an optimization issue 69
4.4 PSO for FACTS placement 72
4.4.1 Solutions coding 73
4.4.2 Binary particle swarm optimization 75
4.4.3 Proposed Levy-based hybrid PSO algorithm 82
4.4.4 "Hybridization" of continuous and discrete PSO algorithms for application to the positioning and sizing of FACTS 99
4.5 Application to the placement and sizing of two FACTS 100
4.5.1 Application to the 30-node IEEE network 103
4.5.2 Application to the IEEE 57-node network 104
4.5.3. Significance of the modified velocity likelihoods method 109
4.5.4 Influence of the upper and lower bounds on the velocity Vciof particles ci 111
4.5.5 Optimization of the placement of several FACTS of different types (general case) 115
4.6 Conclusion 118
Chapter 5 Genetic Algorithm-based Wind Farm Topology Optimization 121
5.1 Introduction 121
5.2 Problem statement 122
5.2.1 Context 122
5.2.2 Calculation of power flow in wind turbine connection cables 125
5.3 Genetic algorithms and adaptation to our problem 129
5.3.1 Solution encoding 129
5.3.2 Selection operator 131
5.3.3 Crossover 132
5.3.4 Mutation 135
5.4 Application 137
5.4.1 Application to farms of 15-20 wind turbines 140
5.4.2 Application to a farm of 30 wind turbines 140
5.4.3 Solution of a farm of 30 turbines proposed by human expertise 144
5.4.4 Validation 145
5.5 Conclusion 145
Chapter 6 Topological Study of Electrical Networks 149
6.1 Introduction 149
6.2 Topological study of networks 150
6.2.1 Random graphs 151
6.2.2 Generalized random graphs 151
6.2.3 Small-world networks 152
6.2.4 Scale-free networks 152
6.2.5 Some results inspired by the theory of percolation 153
6.2.6 Network dynamic robustness 160
6.3 Topological analysis of the Colombian electrical network 161
6.3.1 Phenomenological characteristics 161
6.3.2 Fractal dimension 169
6.3.3 Network robustness 179
6.4 Conclusion 182
Chapter 7. Parameter Estimation of ?-Stable Distributions 183
7.1 Introduction 183
7.2 Levy probability distribution 184
7.2.1 Definitions 184
7.2.2 McCulloch ?-stable distribution generator 189
7.3 Elaboration of our non-parametric ?-stable distribution estimator 191
7.3.1 Statistical tests 192
7.3.2 Identification of the optimization problem and design of the non-parametric estimator 195
7.4 Results and comparison with benchmarks 197
7.4.1 Validation with benchmarks 197
7.4.2 Parallelization of the process on a GP/GPU card 211
7.5 Conclusion 220
Chapter 8 SmartGrid and MicroGrid Perspectives 221
8.1 New SmartGrid concepts 221
8.2 Key elements for SmartGrid deployment 224
8.2.1 Improvement of network resilience in the face of catastrophic climate events 225
8.2.2 Increasing electrical network efficiency 227
8.2.3 Integration of the variability of renewable energy sources 229
8.3 SmartGrids and components technology architecture 231
8.3.1 Global SmartGrid architecture 231
8.3.2 Basic technological elements for SmartGrids 232
8.3.3 Integration of new MicroGrid layers: definition 235
Appendix 1 241
Appendix 2 245
Bibliography 251
Index 265
Chapter 1 Single Solution Based Metaheuristics 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 The descent method 2
1.3 Simulated annealing 3
1.4 Microcanonical annealing 4
1.5 Tabu search 6
1.6 Pattern search algorithms 6
1.6.1 The GRASP method 7
1.6.2 Variable neighborhood search 8
1.6.3 Guided local search 10
1.6.4 Iterated local search 11
1.7 Other methods 12
1.7.1 The Nelder-Mead simplex method 13
1.7.2 The noising method 14
1.7.3 Smoothing methods 15
1.8 Conclusion 16
Chapter 2 Population-based Methods 17
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Evolutionary algorithms 18
2.2.1 Genetic algorithms 18
2.2.2 Evolution strategies 20
2.2.3 Coevolutionary algorithms 21
2.2.4 Cultural algorithms 21
2.2.5 Differential evolution 23
2.2.6 Biogeography-based optimization 25
2.2.7 Hybrid metaheuristic based on Bayesian estimation 27
2.3 Swarm intelligence 29
2.3.1 Particle Swarm Optimization 29
2.3.2 Ant colony optimization 32
2.3.3 Cuckoo search 35
2.3.4 The firefly algorithm 36
2.3.5 The fireworks algorithm 38
2.4 Conclusion 42
Chapter 3 Performance Evaluation of Metaheuristics 43
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 Performance measures 44
3.2.1 Quality of solutions 44
3.2.2 Computational effort 45
3.2.3 Robustness 46
3.3 Statistical analysis 46
3.3.1 Data description 47
3.3.2 Statistical tests 48
3.4 Literature benchmarks 49
3.4.1 Characteristics of a test function 49
3.4.2 Test functions 50
3.5 Conclusion 58
Chapter 4 Metaheuristics for FACTS Placement and Sizing 59
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 FACTS devices 61
4.2.1 The SVC 62
4.2.2 The STATCOM 63
4.2.3 The TCSC 63
4.2.4 The UPFC 63
4.3 The PF model and its solution 64
4.3.1 The PF model 64
4.3.2 Solution of the network equations 66
4.3.3 FACTS implementation and network modification 69
4.3.4 Formulation of FACTS placement problem as an optimization issue 69
4.4 PSO for FACTS placement 72
4.4.1 Solutions coding 73
4.4.2 Binary particle swarm optimization 75
4.4.3 Proposed Levy-based hybrid PSO algorithm 82
4.4.4 "Hybridization" of continuous and discrete PSO algorithms for application to the positioning and sizing of FACTS 99
4.5 Application to the placement and sizing of two FACTS 100
4.5.1 Application to the 30-node IEEE network 103
4.5.2 Application to the IEEE 57-node network 104
4.5.3. Significance of the modified velocity likelihoods method 109
4.5.4 Influence of the upper and lower bounds on the velocity Vciof particles ci 111
4.5.5 Optimization of the placement of several FACTS of different types (general case) 115
4.6 Conclusion 118
Chapter 5 Genetic Algorithm-based Wind Farm Topology Optimization 121
5.1 Introduction 121
5.2 Problem statement 122
5.2.1 Context 122
5.2.2 Calculation of power flow in wind turbine connection cables 125
5.3 Genetic algorithms and adaptation to our problem 129
5.3.1 Solution encoding 129
5.3.2 Selection operator 131
5.3.3 Crossover 132
5.3.4 Mutation 135
5.4 Application 137
5.4.1 Application to farms of 15-20 wind turbines 140
5.4.2 Application to a farm of 30 wind turbines 140
5.4.3 Solution of a farm of 30 turbines proposed by human expertise 144
5.4.4 Validation 145
5.5 Conclusion 145
Chapter 6 Topological Study of Electrical Networks 149
6.1 Introduction 149
6.2 Topological study of networks 150
6.2.1 Random graphs 151
6.2.2 Generalized random graphs 151
6.2.3 Small-world networks 152
6.2.4 Scale-free networks 152
6.2.5 Some results inspired by the theory of percolation 153
6.2.6 Network dynamic robustness 160
6.3 Topological analysis of the Colombian electrical network 161
6.3.1 Phenomenological characteristics 161
6.3.2 Fractal dimension 169
6.3.3 Network robustness 179
6.4 Conclusion 182
Chapter 7. Parameter Estimation of ?-Stable Distributions 183
7.1 Introduction 183
7.2 Levy probability distribution 184
7.2.1 Definitions 184
7.2.2 McCulloch ?-stable distribution generator 189
7.3 Elaboration of our non-parametric ?-stable distribution estimator 191
7.3.1 Statistical tests 192
7.3.2 Identification of the optimization problem and design of the non-parametric estimator 195
7.4 Results and comparison with benchmarks 197
7.4.1 Validation with benchmarks 197
7.4.2 Parallelization of the process on a GP/GPU card 211
7.5 Conclusion 220
Chapter 8 SmartGrid and MicroGrid Perspectives 221
8.1 New SmartGrid concepts 221
8.2 Key elements for SmartGrid deployment 224
8.2.1 Improvement of network resilience in the face of catastrophic climate events 225
8.2.2 Increasing electrical network efficiency 227
8.2.3 Integration of the variability of renewable energy sources 229
8.3 SmartGrids and components technology architecture 231
8.3.1 Global SmartGrid architecture 231
8.3.2 Basic technological elements for SmartGrids 232
8.3.3 Integration of new MicroGrid layers: definition 235
Appendix 1 241
Appendix 2 245
Bibliography 251
Index 265