Prentice Hall Reference Guide
8th Edition
Published on 17. December 2010
Book
Spiral bound
592 pages
978-0-205-78231-4 (ISBN)
Description
Thirty years of experience at the Purdue University writing center told Muriel Harris that few students could effectively use their handbook. A truly useful textbook, she felt, would have ways to help students find the information they were seeking without having to know the terminology, would be clear and easy to understand for all students, and would be written in a student-friendly language and tone to avoid the intimidating formal instructional tone of some handbooks. These principles became the foundation of Harris's Prentice Hall Reference Guide.
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More details
Edition
8th edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
Adult education
Weight
612 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-205-78231-4 (9780205782314)
Copyright in bibliographic data is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or its licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Previous edition
Muriel Harris
Prentice Hall Reference Guide, MLA Update Edition
Book
01/2010
7th Edition
Pearson
€74.46
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Content
Table of Contents
Preface
Tab 1: Compare and Correct, Question and Correct
Compare and Correct CC1
Question and Correct QC1
Tab 2: Writing Processes
1 Thinking About Writing
a The Rhetorical Triangle
b Topic
c Audience
d Purpose
e Medium
2 Writing Processes and Strategies
a Planning
b Thesis
c Drafting
d Organizing
e Collaborating
f Revising
g Editing and Proofreading
3 Paragraphs
a Unity
b Coherence
c Development
d Introductions and Conclusions
e Patterns of Organization
4 Document Design
a Principles of Document Design
b Incorporating Visuals
c Paper Preparation
d Multimedia Presentations
e Writing for the Web
Tab 3: Writing for College and Career
5 Writing in the Disciplines
a Writing for the Sciences
b Writing for the Social Sciences
c Writing for the Humanities
d Writing Essay Exams
6 Writing About Literature
a Ways to Write about Literature
b Writing the Assignment
c Conventions in Writing about Literature
d Sample Literature Paper
7 Critical Reading, Thinking, and Arguing
a Reading Arguments Critically
b Finding an Arguable Topic
c Developing Arguments
d Recognizing and Avoiding Logical Fallacies
e Organizing Your Argument
f Sample Argument Paper
8 Visual Argument
a Similarities and Differences Between Written and Visual Arguments
b Appeals in Visual Argument
c Logical Fallacies in Visual Argument
d Creating Visual Arguments
9 Professional Writing
a Memos
Sample Memo
b E-Mail
Sample E-mail
c Business Letters
Sample Letter
d Cover Letters
Sample Cover Letter
e Resumes
Sample Resumes
10 Creating Print and Electronic Portfolios
a Developing Portfolios
b E-Portfolios
Tab 4: Revising Sentences for Accuracy, Clarity, and Variety
11 Comma Splices and Fused Sentences
a Comma Splices
b Fused or Run-On Sentences
12 Subject-Verb Agreement
a Singular and Plural Subjects
b Buried Subjects
c Compound Subjects
d Or and Either/Or in Subjects
e Clauses and Phrases as Subjects
f Indefinites as Subjects
g Collective Nouns and Amounts as Subjects
h Plural Words as Subjects
i Titles, Company Names, Words, and Quotations as Subjects
j Linking Verbs
k There (is/are), Here (is/are), and It
l Who, Which, That, and One of as Subjects
13 Sentence Fragments
a Unintentional Fragments
b Intentional Fragments
14 Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers
a Dangling Modifiers
b Misplaced Modifiers
15 Parallel Constructions
a Parallel Structure
b Faulty Parallelism
16 Consistency (Avoiding Shifts)
a Shifts in Person or Number
b Shifts in Verb Tense
c Shifts in Tone
d Shifts in Voice (Active/Passive)
e Shifts in Discourse
17 Faulty Predication
18 Coordination and Subordination
a Coordination
b Subordination
19 Sentence Clarity
a Moving from Known (Old) to Unknown (New) Information
b Using Positive Instead of Negative Statements
c Avoiding Double Negatives
d Using Verbs Instead of Nouns
e Making the Intended Subject the Sentence Subject
f Using Active Instead of Passive Voice
20 Transitions
a Repetition of a Key Term or Phrase
b Synonyms
c Pronouns
d Transitional Words and Phrases
e Transitions In and Between Paragraphs
21 Sentence Variety
a Combining Sentences
b Adding Words
c Changing Words, Phrases, and Clauses
Tab 5: Parts of Sentences
22 Verbs
a Verb Phrases
b Verb Forms
c Verb Tense
d Verb Voice (Active/Passive)
e Verb Mood
f Modal Verbs
23 Nouns and Pronouns
a Nouns
b Pronouns
24 Pronoun Case and Reference
a Pronoun Case
b Pronoun Reference
25 Adjectives and Adverbs
a Adjectives and Adverbs
b A/An/The
c Comparisons
26 Prepositions
a Common Prepositions
b Idiomatic Expressions
c Other Prepositions
27 Subjects
28 Phrases
29 Clauses
a Independent Clauses
b Dependent Clauses
30 Essential and Nonessential Clauses and Phrases
a Essential Clauses and Phrases
b Nonessential Clauses and Phrases
31 Sentences
a Sentence Purposes
b Sentence Structures
Tab 6: Style and Word Choice
32 Style Versus Grammar
33 General and Specific Language
a General Versus Specific Statements
b General Versus Specific Words
c Concrete Versus Abstract Words
34 Glossary of Usage
35 Conciseness and Wordiness
36 Passive Versus Active Voice
37 Unnecessary and Inappropriate Language
a Cliches
b Pretentious Language
c Offensive Language
38 Appropriate Language
a Standard English
b Levels of Formality
c Emphasis
d Denotation and Connotation
e Colloquialisms, Slang Terms, and Regionalisms
f Jargon and Technical Terms
39 Nonsexist Language
a Alternatives to Man
b Alternative Job Titles
c Alternatives to the Male or Female Pronoun
Tab 7: Punctuation
40 Commas
a Commas in Compound Sentences
b Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses
c Commas with Essential and Nonessential Words, Phrases, and Clauses
d Commas in Series and Lists
e Commas with Adjectives
f Commas with Dates, Addresses, Geographical Names, and Numbers
g Other Uses for Commas
h Unnecessary Commas
41 Apostrophes
a Apostrophes with Possessives
b Apostrophes with Contractions
c Apostrophes with Plurals
d Unnecessary Apostrophes
42 Semicolons
a Semicolons in Compound Sentences
b Semicolons in a Series
c Semicolons with Quotation Marks
d Unnecessary Semicolons
43 Colons
a Colons to Announce Elements at the End of a Sentence
b Colons to Separate Independent Clauses
c Colons to Announce Quotations
d Colons in Salutations and Between Elements
e Colons with Quotation Marks
f Unnecessary Colons
44 Quotation Marks
a Quotation Marks with Direct and Indirect Quotations
b Quotation Marks for Minor Titles and Parts of Wholes
c Quotation Marks for Words
d Use of Other Punctuation with Quotation Marks
e Unnecessary Quotation Marks
45 Hyphens
a Hyphens to Divide Words
b Hyphens to Form Compound Words
c Hyphens to Join Word Units
d Hyphens to Join Prefixes, Suffixes, and Letters to a Word
e Hyphens to Avoid Ambiguity
46 End Punctuation
a Periods
b Question Marks
c Exclamation Points
47 Other Punctuation
a Dashes
b Slashes
c Parentheses
d Brackets
e Ellipses (Omitted Words)
Tab 8: Mechanics and Spelling
48 Capitals
49 Abbreviations
a Abbreviating Numbers
b Abbreviating Titles
c Abbreviating Place Names
d Abbreviating Measurements
e Abbreviating Dates
f Abbreviating Initials Used as Names
g Abbreviating Latin Expressions
h Abbreviating Documentation
50 Numbers
51 Italics
a Italics for Titles
b Italics for Other Uses
52 Spelling
a Proofreading
b Spell-Checkers
c Some Spelling Guidelines
d Plurals
e Sound-Alike Words (Homonyms)
Tab 9: For Multilingual Writers
53 American Style in Writing
a American Style
b English Grammar vs. Grammar of Other Languages
c American English and World Englishes
d Web Sites for ESL Resources
54 Verbs
a Verbs
b Helping Verbs with Main Verbs
c Two-Word (Phrasal) Verbs
d Verbs with -ing and to+ Verb Forms
55 Omitted and Repeated Words
a Omitted Subjects
b Repeated Subjects
56 Pronouns and Adverbs
57 Count and Noncount Nouns
58 Adjectives and Adverbs
a Order of Adverbs
b Order of Adjectives
c A/An/The
d Some/Any, Much/Many, Little/Few, Less/Fewer, Enough, No
59 Prepositions
60 Idioms
Tab 10: Research
61 Finding a Topic
a Deciding on a Purpose and Audience
b Deciding on a Topic
c Narrowing the Topic
d Formulating a Research Question
e Formulating a Thesis
62 Choosing Primary and Secondary Sources
a Primary Sources
b Secondary Sources
63 Searching Libraries and Library Databases
a Libraries
b Library Databases and Subscription Services
64 Using Web Resources
a Internet Search Strategies
b Types of Internet Sources
65 Conducting Firsthand Research
a Observations
b Interviews
c Surveys
66 Evaluating Sources
a Getting Started
b Evaluating Authors' Credibility
c Evaluating Content
d Evaluating Internet Sources
67 Collecting Information
a Keeping Notes
b Printing and Annotating Photocopies and Printouts
c Writing an Annotated Bibliography
68 Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
a Understanding Plagiarism
b Documenting Sources Responsibly
c Summarizing without Plagiarism
d Paraphrasing without Plagiarism
e Using Quotation Marks to Avoid Plagiarism
f Using Signal Words and Phrases to Integrate Sources
69 Writing the Research Paper
a Getting Started
b Planning and Organizing
c Writing a Draft
d Reviewing the Draft
e Revising, Editing, and Checking the Format
Tab 11: MLA Documentation
70 Documenting in MLA Style
a In-Text Citations
b Notes
c Works Cited List
d Sample MLA-Style Research Paper
Tab 12: APA, CM, and CSE Documentation
71 Documenting in APA Style
a In-Text Citations
b Footnotes
c References List
d Sample APA-Style Research Paper
72 ChicagoManual (CM)Style
a Numbered Notes
b Author-Date Citation Format
c Bibliography Entries
73 Council of Science Editors (CSE) Style
a Name-Year Style
b Citation Sequence Style
c References List
74 Resources for Other Styles
Glossary of Grammatical Terms
Index
Preface
Tab 1: Compare and Correct, Question and Correct
Compare and Correct CC1
Question and Correct QC1
Tab 2: Writing Processes
1 Thinking About Writing
a The Rhetorical Triangle
b Topic
c Audience
d Purpose
e Medium
2 Writing Processes and Strategies
a Planning
b Thesis
c Drafting
d Organizing
e Collaborating
f Revising
g Editing and Proofreading
3 Paragraphs
a Unity
b Coherence
c Development
d Introductions and Conclusions
e Patterns of Organization
4 Document Design
a Principles of Document Design
b Incorporating Visuals
c Paper Preparation
d Multimedia Presentations
e Writing for the Web
Tab 3: Writing for College and Career
5 Writing in the Disciplines
a Writing for the Sciences
b Writing for the Social Sciences
c Writing for the Humanities
d Writing Essay Exams
6 Writing About Literature
a Ways to Write about Literature
b Writing the Assignment
c Conventions in Writing about Literature
d Sample Literature Paper
7 Critical Reading, Thinking, and Arguing
a Reading Arguments Critically
b Finding an Arguable Topic
c Developing Arguments
d Recognizing and Avoiding Logical Fallacies
e Organizing Your Argument
f Sample Argument Paper
8 Visual Argument
a Similarities and Differences Between Written and Visual Arguments
b Appeals in Visual Argument
c Logical Fallacies in Visual Argument
d Creating Visual Arguments
9 Professional Writing
a Memos
Sample Memo
b E-Mail
Sample E-mail
c Business Letters
Sample Letter
d Cover Letters
Sample Cover Letter
e Resumes
Sample Resumes
10 Creating Print and Electronic Portfolios
a Developing Portfolios
b E-Portfolios
Tab 4: Revising Sentences for Accuracy, Clarity, and Variety
11 Comma Splices and Fused Sentences
a Comma Splices
b Fused or Run-On Sentences
12 Subject-Verb Agreement
a Singular and Plural Subjects
b Buried Subjects
c Compound Subjects
d Or and Either/Or in Subjects
e Clauses and Phrases as Subjects
f Indefinites as Subjects
g Collective Nouns and Amounts as Subjects
h Plural Words as Subjects
i Titles, Company Names, Words, and Quotations as Subjects
j Linking Verbs
k There (is/are), Here (is/are), and It
l Who, Which, That, and One of as Subjects
13 Sentence Fragments
a Unintentional Fragments
b Intentional Fragments
14 Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers
a Dangling Modifiers
b Misplaced Modifiers
15 Parallel Constructions
a Parallel Structure
b Faulty Parallelism
16 Consistency (Avoiding Shifts)
a Shifts in Person or Number
b Shifts in Verb Tense
c Shifts in Tone
d Shifts in Voice (Active/Passive)
e Shifts in Discourse
17 Faulty Predication
18 Coordination and Subordination
a Coordination
b Subordination
19 Sentence Clarity
a Moving from Known (Old) to Unknown (New) Information
b Using Positive Instead of Negative Statements
c Avoiding Double Negatives
d Using Verbs Instead of Nouns
e Making the Intended Subject the Sentence Subject
f Using Active Instead of Passive Voice
20 Transitions
a Repetition of a Key Term or Phrase
b Synonyms
c Pronouns
d Transitional Words and Phrases
e Transitions In and Between Paragraphs
21 Sentence Variety
a Combining Sentences
b Adding Words
c Changing Words, Phrases, and Clauses
Tab 5: Parts of Sentences
22 Verbs
a Verb Phrases
b Verb Forms
c Verb Tense
d Verb Voice (Active/Passive)
e Verb Mood
f Modal Verbs
23 Nouns and Pronouns
a Nouns
b Pronouns
24 Pronoun Case and Reference
a Pronoun Case
b Pronoun Reference
25 Adjectives and Adverbs
a Adjectives and Adverbs
b A/An/The
c Comparisons
26 Prepositions
a Common Prepositions
b Idiomatic Expressions
c Other Prepositions
27 Subjects
28 Phrases
29 Clauses
a Independent Clauses
b Dependent Clauses
30 Essential and Nonessential Clauses and Phrases
a Essential Clauses and Phrases
b Nonessential Clauses and Phrases
31 Sentences
a Sentence Purposes
b Sentence Structures
Tab 6: Style and Word Choice
32 Style Versus Grammar
33 General and Specific Language
a General Versus Specific Statements
b General Versus Specific Words
c Concrete Versus Abstract Words
34 Glossary of Usage
35 Conciseness and Wordiness
36 Passive Versus Active Voice
37 Unnecessary and Inappropriate Language
a Cliches
b Pretentious Language
c Offensive Language
38 Appropriate Language
a Standard English
b Levels of Formality
c Emphasis
d Denotation and Connotation
e Colloquialisms, Slang Terms, and Regionalisms
f Jargon and Technical Terms
39 Nonsexist Language
a Alternatives to Man
b Alternative Job Titles
c Alternatives to the Male or Female Pronoun
Tab 7: Punctuation
40 Commas
a Commas in Compound Sentences
b Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses
c Commas with Essential and Nonessential Words, Phrases, and Clauses
d Commas in Series and Lists
e Commas with Adjectives
f Commas with Dates, Addresses, Geographical Names, and Numbers
g Other Uses for Commas
h Unnecessary Commas
41 Apostrophes
a Apostrophes with Possessives
b Apostrophes with Contractions
c Apostrophes with Plurals
d Unnecessary Apostrophes
42 Semicolons
a Semicolons in Compound Sentences
b Semicolons in a Series
c Semicolons with Quotation Marks
d Unnecessary Semicolons
43 Colons
a Colons to Announce Elements at the End of a Sentence
b Colons to Separate Independent Clauses
c Colons to Announce Quotations
d Colons in Salutations and Between Elements
e Colons with Quotation Marks
f Unnecessary Colons
44 Quotation Marks
a Quotation Marks with Direct and Indirect Quotations
b Quotation Marks for Minor Titles and Parts of Wholes
c Quotation Marks for Words
d Use of Other Punctuation with Quotation Marks
e Unnecessary Quotation Marks
45 Hyphens
a Hyphens to Divide Words
b Hyphens to Form Compound Words
c Hyphens to Join Word Units
d Hyphens to Join Prefixes, Suffixes, and Letters to a Word
e Hyphens to Avoid Ambiguity
46 End Punctuation
a Periods
b Question Marks
c Exclamation Points
47 Other Punctuation
a Dashes
b Slashes
c Parentheses
d Brackets
e Ellipses (Omitted Words)
Tab 8: Mechanics and Spelling
48 Capitals
49 Abbreviations
a Abbreviating Numbers
b Abbreviating Titles
c Abbreviating Place Names
d Abbreviating Measurements
e Abbreviating Dates
f Abbreviating Initials Used as Names
g Abbreviating Latin Expressions
h Abbreviating Documentation
50 Numbers
51 Italics
a Italics for Titles
b Italics for Other Uses
52 Spelling
a Proofreading
b Spell-Checkers
c Some Spelling Guidelines
d Plurals
e Sound-Alike Words (Homonyms)
Tab 9: For Multilingual Writers
53 American Style in Writing
a American Style
b English Grammar vs. Grammar of Other Languages
c American English and World Englishes
d Web Sites for ESL Resources
54 Verbs
a Verbs
b Helping Verbs with Main Verbs
c Two-Word (Phrasal) Verbs
d Verbs with -ing and to+ Verb Forms
55 Omitted and Repeated Words
a Omitted Subjects
b Repeated Subjects
56 Pronouns and Adverbs
57 Count and Noncount Nouns
58 Adjectives and Adverbs
a Order of Adverbs
b Order of Adjectives
c A/An/The
d Some/Any, Much/Many, Little/Few, Less/Fewer, Enough, No
59 Prepositions
60 Idioms
Tab 10: Research
61 Finding a Topic
a Deciding on a Purpose and Audience
b Deciding on a Topic
c Narrowing the Topic
d Formulating a Research Question
e Formulating a Thesis
62 Choosing Primary and Secondary Sources
a Primary Sources
b Secondary Sources
63 Searching Libraries and Library Databases
a Libraries
b Library Databases and Subscription Services
64 Using Web Resources
a Internet Search Strategies
b Types of Internet Sources
65 Conducting Firsthand Research
a Observations
b Interviews
c Surveys
66 Evaluating Sources
a Getting Started
b Evaluating Authors' Credibility
c Evaluating Content
d Evaluating Internet Sources
67 Collecting Information
a Keeping Notes
b Printing and Annotating Photocopies and Printouts
c Writing an Annotated Bibliography
68 Using Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism
a Understanding Plagiarism
b Documenting Sources Responsibly
c Summarizing without Plagiarism
d Paraphrasing without Plagiarism
e Using Quotation Marks to Avoid Plagiarism
f Using Signal Words and Phrases to Integrate Sources
69 Writing the Research Paper
a Getting Started
b Planning and Organizing
c Writing a Draft
d Reviewing the Draft
e Revising, Editing, and Checking the Format
Tab 11: MLA Documentation
70 Documenting in MLA Style
a In-Text Citations
b Notes
c Works Cited List
d Sample MLA-Style Research Paper
Tab 12: APA, CM, and CSE Documentation
71 Documenting in APA Style
a In-Text Citations
b Footnotes
c References List
d Sample APA-Style Research Paper
72 ChicagoManual (CM)Style
a Numbered Notes
b Author-Date Citation Format
c Bibliography Entries
73 Council of Science Editors (CSE) Style
a Name-Year Style
b Citation Sequence Style
c References List
74 Resources for Other Styles
Glossary of Grammatical Terms
Index