Introduction to Crystallography
Published on 1. January 1990
Book
Paperback/Softback
110 pages
978-0-19-856423-2 (ISBN)
Description
This handbook leads the reader through the basic concepts of crystallography, which are essential to an understanding of such electrical and mechanical properties as piezoelectricity and doferomation mechanisms. It begins with a description of simple crystal structures and an explanation of how more complex structures can be considered in terms of these basic units. Simple two-dimensional patterns are used to introduce the concepts of the lattice and the motif, and ideas of symmetry. These ideas are extended to three dimensions with a discussion of the fourteen Bravais lattices and the consequent division of crystals jjinto seven systems. The description of crystal structures in terms of Miller indices and zone axis symbols is discussed and the concept of the reciprocal lattice is explained. Exercises are given at the end of every chapter, useful geometrical relationships are summarized in an appendix to the text and suggestions for further reading are given. Further appendices contain brief biographical notes on crystallographers mentioned in the text and advice on the availability of model-building kits and computers programs in basic crystallography.
More details
Language
English
Place of publication
Oxford
United Kingdom
Target group
College/higher education
Professional and scholarly
Illustrations
46 line drawings, 14 halftones, index
ISBN-13
978-0-19-856423-2 (9780198564232)
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Schweitzer Classification
Content
Part 1 Crystals and crystal strucutres: the nature of the crystalline state; constructing crystals from close-packes haekagonal layers of atoms; unit cells of the hcp and ccp structures; contructing crystals from square layers of atoms; constructing body-centred cubic crystals; interstitial structures; some simple inoic and covalent structures; representing crystals in projection - srystal plans. Part 2 Two-dimensiaonal patterns, lattices and symmetry: approaches to the study of crystal structures; two-dimensional patterns and lattices; two-dimensional symmetry elements; the five plane lattice. Part 3 Bravals, lattices and crystal systems: the fourteen space (bravais) lattices; the symmetry of the fourteen bravails lattices - crystal systems. Part 4 Crystal symmetry, point groups and srystal structures - the external symmetry of crystals: symmetry and srystal habit; the 32 crystal classes; centres and inversion axes of symmetry; crystal symmetry and properties; translational symmetry elements; space groups; bravais lattices, motifs and crystal structures. Part 5 Describing lattice planes and directions in crystals - indices and zone axes symbols: indexing lattice directions - zone axis and the zone law, the addition rule; indexing in the hexagonal and trigonal systems - weber-symbols and miller-bravais indices; transforming miller indices and zone axis symbols. Part 6 The reciprocal lattice: reciprocal lattice vectors and unit cells; some geometrical relationships; reciprocal lattice cells for cubic crystals.