Plastic Surgery

CONTENTS User Guide Preface List of contributors Dedication Acknowledgements SECTION ONE Principles 1 A History of Plastic Surgery Gregory Pearson and Robert Ruberg 2 The Plastic Surgery Consultation and Patient Selection Phillip C. Haeck 3 Wound Healing, Including Fetal Skin Healing Edward P. Buchanan and H. Peter Lorenz 4 Wound Management Bohdan Pomahac, Tobias Hirsch, and Elof Eriksson 5 Plastic Surgery Techniques Jeffrey Weinzweig and Norman Weinzweig 6 Anesthesia Jonathan G. Hsiao and Carl Rosow 7 Biomaterials Michael J. Miller and Olubunmi T. Ogunleye 8 Flaps Michael E. Budd, Raffi Hovsepian, Benjamin Basseri and Gregory R. D. Evans 9 Microsurgery and Free Flaps Stephanie L. Kwei, Denton D. Weiss and Julian J. Pribaz 10 Grafts Alex Senchenkov, Ian L. Valerio and Ernest K. Manders 11 S tructure and Function of the Skin Robert C. Fang and Thomas A. Mustoe 12 Professional Development Elvin G. Zook SECTION TWO Techniques 13 Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Skin Deepak Narayan 14 Burns Stephen M. Milner, Leigh Ann Price and John O. Kucan 15 Burn Reconstruction Warren L. Garner and Victoria B. Vandenberg 16 Surgical Management of Soft Tissue Infections Brian M. Parrett, Joshua Winer and Dennis P. Orgill 17 Pressure Sores Wesley T. Myers and Linda G. Phillips 18 Lymphedema Elizabeth R. Raskin, Sumner A. Slavin and Loren J. Borud 19 Foot and Ankle Reconstruction Mark W. Clemens and Christopher E. Attinger 20 Reconstruction of the Genitalia Lawrence J. Gottlieb and Joyce K. Aycock 21 Chest and Abdominal Wall Reconstruction Michele Manahan and Ronald P. Silverman 22 Breast Reconstruction General Principles Amy K. Alderman 23 Pedicle TRAM, Free TRAM and Perforator Flaps Joseph M. Serletti 24 Tissue Expander/Implant Reconstruction Colleen M. McCarthy and Andrea L. Pusic 25 Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap Sumner A. Slavin and Sharon Fox 26 Treatment of Breast Asymmetry in Breast Cancer atients Kenneth C. Shestak SECTION THREE Basic Principles of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery 27 Craniofacial Genetics and Dysmorphology David P. C. Rice 28 Craniofacial Growth: Genetic and Morphological Processes in Craniosynostosis Richard E. Kirschner and Hyun-Duck Nah 29 Anthropometrics, Cephalometrics, and Orthodontics Pamela R. Hanson 30 Dental and Maxillofacial Considerations Including Fixation Principles Warren Schubert 31 Soluble Molecular Signals and the Induction of Bone Formation Ugo Ripamonti, Carlo Ferretti and Manolis Heliotis 32 D istraction Osteogenesis: Remodeling the Hypoplastic Mandible Fernando Molina Clip 32.1: Mandibular Distraction in Hemifacial Microsomia Fernando Molina SECTION FOUR Craniofacial Surgery 33 Non-syndromic Craniosynostosis John A. Persing, Bianca Knoll and Charles C. Duncan Clip 33.1: Non-syndromic Craniosynostosis John A. Persing 34 Craniofacial Dysostosis Syndromes James P. Bradley and Reza Jarrahy Clip 34.1: Facial Bipartition Monobloc Distraction James P. Bradley and Reza Jarrahy 35 Orbital Hypertelorism Eric Arnaud, Daniel Marchac and Dominique Renier Clip 35.1: Surgical Treatment of Facial Cleft (Bi Partition) Eric Arnaud, Daniel Marchac and Dominique Renier 36 Craniofacial Tumors (Fibrous Dysplasia) Yu-Ray Chen and David E. Morris Clip 36.1: Frontal and Supraorbital Osteotomy with Orbital Reconstruction Philip Kuo-Ting Chen, Peng-Wei Hsu, David E. Morris, Chen-Nen Chang and Yu-Ray Chen 37 Craniofacial Clefts and Other Related Deformities Nivaldo Alonso and Renato da Silva Freitas Clip 37.1: Facial Cleft Surgical Correction Nivaldo Alonso and Renato da Silva Freitas Clip 37.2: Correction of Ankyloglossia Nivaldo Alonso and Renato da Silva Freitas Clip 37.3: Canthopexy Nivaldo Alonso and Renato da Silva Freitas Clip 37.4: Surgical Repair of Macrostomia Nivaldo Alonso and Renato da Silva Freitas 38 Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair and Nose Repair Alexandre C. Marchac, M. S. Cheng, Joseph W. Michienzi and Kenneth E. Salyer Clip 38.1: Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair Kenneth E. Salyer 39 Bilateral Cleft Lip David M. Fisher Clip 39.1: Bilateral Cleft Lip Repair David M. Fisher 40 Cleft Palate Brian C. Sommerlad Clip 40.1: Repair of Cleft Palate Brian C. Sommerlad SECTION FIVE Maxillofacial Surgery 41 Alveolar Cleft Management Kevin J. Kelly Clip 41.1: Iliac Bone Graft to Alveolar Graft Arun K. Gosain 42 Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Peter D. Witt Clip 42.1: Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Peter D. Witt 43 Secondary Cleft Lip and Cleft Nasal Deformity Philip Kuo-Ting Chen and M. Samuel Noordhoff Clip 43.1: Secondary Cleft Lip and Cleft Nasal Deformities Part 1 Philip Kuo-Ting Chen and M. Samuel Noordhoff Clip 43.2: Alveolar Bone Graft and Secondary Cleft Surgery Philip Kuo-Ting Chen and M. Samuel Noordhoff 44 Cleft-orthognathic Surgery Jack C. Yu, Andrea Glover, Daniel Levy-Bercowski and Eladio DeLeon Jr. Clip 44.1: Le Fort I Operation for Distraction Osteogenesis John W. Polley and Alvaro A. Figueroa 45 Orthognathic Surgery Arno R. Schleich and Barry Eppley Clip 45.1: Sagittal Splitting of the Mandibular Kenneth E. Salyer 46 Treatment of Disorders of the Temporomandibular Joint Daniel Taub, Jonathan S. Jacobs and Russell W. Bessette 47 Hemifacial Microsomia Robert J. Havlik and Arno R. Schleich 48 Facial Trauma Dov Charles Goldenberg, Nivaldo Alonso and Marcus Castro Ferreira Clip 48.1: Mandibular Fracture in Pediatric Patient - Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with Metal Wire Dov Charles Goldenberg, Nivaldo Alonso and Marcus Castro Ferreira Clip 48.2: Submandibular (Risdon) Approach to the Mandibular Angle Dov Charles Goldenberg, Nivaldo Alonso and Marcus Castro Ferreira Clip 48.3: Video Assisted Treatment of Mandibular Condylar Fractures Dov Charles Goldenberg, Nivaldo Alonso and Marcus Castro Ferreira Clip 48.4: Mandibular Fracture in Adult Patient - Open Reduction and Rigid Internal Fixation Dov Charles Goldenberg, Nivaldo Alonso and Marcus Castro Ferreira 49 Pediatric Facial Trauma Joseph E. Losee and Shao Jiang SECTION SIX Pediatric Plastic Surgery 50 Congenital Nevus Jugpal S. Arneja and Arun K. Gosain 51 Auricular Reconstruction: Congenital Auricular Defects - Microtia Satoru Nagata Clip 51.1: Microtia: Auricular Reconstruction Akira Yamada 52 Prominent Ears Wilberto Cortes and Arun K. Gosain Clip 52.1: Prominent Ears (Otoplasty) Arun K. Gosain 53 R econstruction of Acquired Ear Defects Sean G. Boutros and Charles H. Thorne Clip 53.1: Reconstruction of Acquired Ear Deformities Sean G. Boutros 54 Correction of Gynecomastia Paul Stephen Cederna SECTION SEVEN Head and Neck Surgery 55 Oncologic and Reconstructive Principles - Including the Pharynx David L. Larson and Jeffrey D. Larson 56 Hypopharynx Reconstruction Joseph J. Disa and Peirong Yu Clip 56.1: Hypopharynx Reconstruction Peirong Yu 57 Vascular Anomalies June Wu and Jeffrey Ascherman 58 S alivary Gland Disorders Ali Sajjadian and Keshav T. Magge 59 Nonepidermoid Cancers of the Head and Neck Jerry R. Castro, Benjamin R. Kummer and Bhuvanesh Singh 60 Management of Cutaneous Facial Defects Arif Riaz Chaudhry and Babak J. Mehrara 61 Reconstructive Lip Surgery Howard N. Langstein 62 Oral Cavity Reconstruction Peirong Yu Clip 62.1: Oral Cavity Reconstruction Peirong Yu Clip 62.2: Floor of Mouth Reconstruction with ALT Peirong Yu 63 Mandible Reconstruction Peter C. Neligan, Christine B. Novak and Patrick J. Gullane Clip 63.1: Mandible Reconstruction Peter C. Neligan, Christine B. Novak and Patrick J. Gullane 64 Maxilla and Midface Reconstruction Eric G. Halvorson and Peter G. Cordeiro 65 Eyelid and Orbital Surgery Ebrahim Elahi and Henry M. Spinelli Clip 65.1: Ptosis Repair: Tarsomullerectomy (Modified Putterman Technique) Ebrahim Elahi Clip 65.2: Orbital Floor Decompression Ebrahim Elahi 66 Nasal Reconstruction Elizabeth M. Kim and Scott P. Bartlett 67 Scalp and Calvarial Reconstruction Matthew M. Hanasono and Charles E. Butler 68 Skull Base Reconstruction Michael R. Zenn 69. Facial Reanimation Julia Kallipolitou Terzis and Kallirroi Tzafetta Clip 69.1: Cross Facial Nerve Grafting Julia Kallipolitou Terzis Clip 69.2: The 'Babysitter' Procedure Julia Kallipolitou Terzis Clip 69.3: Free Gracilis Muscle Transfer to the Face Julia Kallipolitou Terzis Clip 69.4: Pectoralis Minor Muscle Transfer to the Face Julia Kallipolitou Terzis 70. Prosthetic Reconstruction Joseph M. Huryn, George C. Bohle III and Cherry L. Estilo SECTION EIGHT Hand Surgery PART I: INTRODUCTION 71 Embryology, Anatomy Function and Biomechanics of the Hand Kevin C. Chung 72 Examination of the Wrist and Hand Carlos Heras-Palou and Frank Burke Clip 72.1: Examination of the Hand Frank Burke Clip 72.2: Examination of the Hand and Wrist Frank Burke 73 Anesthesia and Pain Management in Hand Surgery Wilberto Cortes and William Dzwierzynski 74 Mutilating Hand Trauma and Compartment Syndromes Kodi K. Azari and W. P. Andrew Lee 75 Congenital Anomalies of the Hand Warren Hammert and Jeffrey N. Lawton Clip 75.1: Syndactyly Release Kevin C. Chung PART II: SOFT TISSUE REPAIR 76 Fingernail and Fingertip Injuries Bradon J. Wilhelmi and Elvin G. Zook 77 I ntrinsic Flaps of the Hand Michael W. Neumeister PART II: FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS 78 Metacarpal and Phalangeal Fractures Norman Weinzweig and Jeffrey Weinzweig 79 Finger Instabilities and Ligamentous Injuries Philip Blazar PART IV: THE WRIST 80 Wrist Fractures Kenji Kawamura and Kevin C. Chung 81 Dislocations and Perilunate Injuries of the Carpus Lawrence Lin and Steven L. Moran 82 Fractures of the Radius and Ulna Steven C. Haase and Kevin C. Chung 83 Arthroscopy Michael E. Pannunzio and Lance A. Rettig 84 Distal Radioulnar Joint Kai Megerle and Michael Sauerbier PART V: TENDONS 85 Flexor Tendons Jin Bo Tang Clip 85.1: Two Stage Flexor Tendon Reconstruction Kevin C. Chung 86 Extensor Tendons James Chang 87 Tendon Transfers W. Bradford Rockwell and Colette A. Stern PART VI: TENOSYNOVITIS AND INFECTIONS 88 Infections Including Tenosynovitis of the Hand and Forearm Scott F. M. Duncan and Anthony Smith PART VII: CONTRACTURES 89 Soft Tissue and Joint Contractures Charles A. Goldfarb and Martin I. Boyer 90 Dupuytren's Disease Achilleas Thoma, Sheila Sprague and Paula McKay PART VII: NERVE 91 Brachial Plexus Lynda J. S. Yang and Kevin C. Chung 92 Nerve Repair and Nerve Grafting Paul S. Cederna and Kevin C. Chung 93 Nerve Compression Disorders of the Upper Extremity Steven McCabe Clip 93.1: Carpal Tunnel Release Kevin C. Chung Clip 93.2: Ulnar Nerve Transposition Kevin C. Chung PART IX: MICROSURGERY 94 Amputations and Replantations S. Raja Sabapathy 95 Free Tissue Transfer Seongeon Kim and Kevin C. Chung PART X: THE THUMB 96 Thumb Reconstruction Aymeric Lim and Sandeep Sebastin PART XI: ARTHRITIS OF THE HAND AND WRIST 97 Degenerative Arthritis of Hand and Wrist Randip R. Bindra and Pramod Nelluri Clip 97.1: Ligament Reconstruction for Unstable Thumb CMC Joint/Littler Procedure Kevin C. Chung Clip 97.2: APL Reconstruction for Thumb CMC Arthritis Kevin C. Chung 98 Rheumatoid Arthritis Kevin C. Chung PART XII: TUMORS 99 Benign and Malignant Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors in the Upper Extremity Harish S. Hosalkar, Jennifer Goebel, Jonas L. Matzon and Benjamin Chang PART XII: VASCULAR DISORDERS 100 Vascular Injuries and Disorders of the Upper Extremity David T. Netscher, Nicholas A. Fiore II and B. Allen Rodgers 101 Regional Pain Syndrome Christine J. Cheng PART XIV: THERMAL INJURY 102 Management of Hand Burns and Frostbites Gunter Germann and Christoph Czermak SECTION NINE Aesthetic Surgery 103 Patient Assessment Bahman Guyuron 104 Skin Care Including Chemical Peeling Zoe Diana Draelos 105 Non-surgical Facial Rejuvenation with Fillers Brian M. Kinney, David J. Rowe and David Stepnick Clip 105.1: Non-surgical Facial Rejuvenation with Fillers Brian M. Kinney 106 Botulinum Toxin Michael A. C. Kane Clip 106.1: Botulinum Toxin Bahman Guyuron 107 Laser Facial Resurfacing and Dermabrasion Richard O. Gregory Clip 107.1: Laser Resurfacing and Dermabrasion Thomas E. Rohrer 108 Management of Alopecia Jack Fisher Clip 108.1: Hair Transplantation Robin Unger and Walter Unger 109 Forehead Rejuvenation Bahman Guyuron Clip 109.1: Forehead Rejuvenation Bahman Guyuron 110 Periorbital Rejuvenation Bahman Guyuron and Donald T. Hudak Clip 110.1: Periorbital Rejuvenation Bahman Guyuron 111 Facelift with SMAS Flaps Timothy J. Marten Clip 111.1: High SMAS Face and Mid-face Lift Brian M. Kinney 112 Neck Rejuvenation Patrick K. Sullivan and Erik A. Hoy Clip 112.1: Neck Contouring Bahman Guyuron 113 Primary Rhinoplasty Rod J. Rohrich and Ronald E. Hoxworth Clip 113.1: Primary Rhinoplasty Rod J. Rohrich 114 S econdary Rhinoplasty Bahman Guyuron and David Stepnick 115 Genioplasty Bahman Guyuron and Adam Bryce Weinfeld Clip 115.1: Genioplasty Bahman Guyuron 116 Aesthetic Contouring of the Craniofacial Skeleton Michael J. Yaremchuk Clip 116.1: Chin Augmentation with Porous Implants Michael J. Yaremchuk Clip 116.2: Mandible Augmentation with Porous Implants Michael J. Yaremchuk 117 Augmentation of Facial Structures with Autologous Fat Sydney R. Coleman and Alesia P. Saboeiro 118 Breast Augmentation Per Heden Clip 118.1: Breast Augmentation Per Heden 119 Breast Reduction Elizabeth J. Hall-Findlay Clip 119.1: Breast Reduction Elizabeth J. Hall-Findlay 120 Mastopexy G. Patrick Maxwell, Jeremy Waldman and Stephanie Stover Clip 120.1: Mastopexy Elizabeth J. Hall-Findlay 121 Liposculpture Fabio X. Nahas, Marcus Vinicius Jardini Barbosa and Lydia Masako Ferreira Clip 121.1: Liposculpture Fabio X. Nahas 122 Abdominoplasty Al S. Aly, Silvia Cristina Meneghetti Rotemberg and Albert E. Cram Clip 122.1: Abdominoplasty Al S. Aly 123 Bodylifts and Post-massive Weight Loss Body Contouring J. Peter Rubin and Jeffrey Gusenoff Clip 123.1: Post Bariatric Surgery Skin Tightening J. Peter Rubin 124 Surgical Management of Migraine Headaches Bahman Guyuron and Devra B. Becker Index