Art Matters

PART 1. INTRODUCTION Chapter 1. Art Matters HOW ART MATTERS Maya Lin's Vietnam Veterans Memorial 1.1 Art's Central Place in Our Lives Art Matters Art Is Everywhere Practice ART MATTERS 1.1 Discuss a Work That Is Important to You Art Is a Characteristically Human Endeavor Art Is an Inner Calling Art Is a Sensation to Which We are Drawn 1.2 Art's Strong Support Government Support International Support Individual Support DELVE DEEPER Conserving Art 1.3 Art's Impact on Society Art Education Art Therapy General Support Awareness of Important Causes Influence and Propaganda Censorship and the Destruction of Art Illegal Trafficking of Art Practice ART MATTERS 1.2 Explain Why a Memorial Shows How Art Matters 1.4 Art's Role in Religion and Spirituality A Wondrous Space An Intermediary A Representation of the Divine A Tool for Ritual 1.5 Art's Role in Politics and the Social Order Promoting the Social Order Protesting the Social Order Practice ART MATTERS 1.3 Figure Out the Purpose of a Work of Art 1.6 Art's Role in Recording and Communicating Information Documenting Life Reflecting the World Relaying Messages Recounting Past Events Manipulating Depictions Practice ART MATTERS 1.4 Judge Whether an Image Is Reliable 1.7 Art's Role in Decorating the Everyday World Embellishing Spaces and Objects Adorning People 1.8 Art's Role in Expression Capturing an Emotion Looking Inward Imagining Another World HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Chapter 2. Understanding and Defining Art HOW ART MATTERS Barnett Newman's Voice of Fire 2.1 Seeing Art Subject Matter and Form Practice ART MATTERS 2.1 Describe a Work so a Peer Could Draw It Type 2.2 Contextualizing Art Context Practice ART MATTERS 2.2 Consider How Context Creates Meaning Iconography Style Theme 2.3 Experiencing Art Personal Experience Perception Bias 2.4 Defining Art Art as a Physical Object Made from Artistic Materials Art as a Work Crafted with Skill Art as a Work That Has Meaning Practice ART MATTERS 2.3 Figure Out the Content of a Work Art as an Object of Value Art as an Aesthetic Experience Art as Part of the Canon Art as a Creative Work HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at Voice of Fire PART 2. THE LANGUAGE OF ART Chapter 3. The Visual Elements of Art HOW ART MATTERS Vincent van Gogh's Letters and Art 3.1 Line The Character of Lines The Direction of Lines Actual and Implied Lines The Different Uses of Lines
Practice ART MATTERS 3.1 See How Lines Draw Attention 3.2 Shape and Mass The Character and Direction of Shapes Geometric and Organic Shapes Positive and Negative Shapes Overall Shapes The Character and Direction of Masses Geometric and Organic Masses Mass and Negative Space Practice ART MATTERS 3.2 Explore the Masses of a Sculpture 3.3 Texture Actual and Simulated Texture in Two-Dimensional Works Actual and Simulated Texture in Three-Dimensional Works 3.4 Light and Value Light Value Light Hitting Three-Dimensional Opaque Objects Chiaroscuro Value to Heighten Expression Light as a Material 3.5 Color The Visible Spectrum Why We See Color The Subtractive and Additive Color Systems The Color Wheel The Properties of Color DELVE DEEPER The Additive Color System Practice ART MATTERS 3.3 Recognize the Hues, Values, and Intensities of Color
Color Schemes Practice ART MATTERS 3.4 Analyze the Color in a Work The Characteristics of Color 3.6 Space Three-Dimensional Space Two-Dimensional Space 3.7 Time HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at Vincent van Gogh's Letters and Art Chapter 4. The Principles of Design HOW ART MATTERS The Taj Mahal 4.1 Unity and Variety 4.2 Balance Symmetrical Balance Asymmetrical Balance Practice ART MATTERS 4.1 Identify Why a Shape Is Heavy Radial Balance 4.3 Emphasis and Subordination Practice ART MATTERS 4.2 Determine What Emphasizes or Subordinates an Object 4.4 Scale 4.5 Proportion 4.6 Rhythm Practice ART MATTERS 4.3 Consider How Size Affects a Cartoon DELVE DEEPER The Golden Section Practice ART MATTERS 4.4 Analyze the Rhythm in a Work HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Taj Mahal PART 3. THE MEDIA Chapter 5. Drawing HOW ART MATTERS Pablo Picasso's Guernica Drawings 5.1 What Drawing Is An Intense Way to See A Way to Understand the Creative Process A Way to Take Notes A Finished Work of Art 5.2 Drawing Surfaces and Tools Practice ART MATTERS 5.1 Use Different Surfaces and Tools 5.3 Dry Media Graphite Charcoal Chalk Crayon Conte Crayon 5.4 Liquid Media Pen and Ink Pen and Wash
Practice ART MATTERS 5.2 Consider How Altering the Medium Changes a Work Brush and Ink Brush and Wash DELVE DEEPER Mixed Media 5.5 New Directions in Drawing HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Guernica Drawings Chapter 6. Painting HOW ART MATTERS Faith Ringgold's For the Women's House
6.1 What Painting Is Types of Traditional Painting The Technical Process of Painting A Message to Viewers 6.2 Traditional Painting Media Fresco Practice ART MATTERS 6.1 Consider the Characteristics of Fresco in a Painting of a Modern Artist Encaustic Tempera Practice ART MATTERS 6.2 Compare the Effects of Encaustic and Fresco Paint Oil Transparent Watercolor Gouache Practice ART MATTERS 6.3 Recognize the Medium of a Painting 6.3 Acrylics 6.4 New Directions in Painting HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at For the Women's House Chapter 7. Printmaking HOW ART MATTERS The Prints of Honore Daumier 7.1 What Printmaking Is An Indirect, Two-Dimensional Art A Collaborative Process An Art of Multiple Originals An Art Form A Technical Process Practice ART MATTERS 7.1 Experience a Printmaker's Expression
7.2 Relief Woodcut Wood Engraving Linocut DELVE DEEPER Color Woodcut 7.3 Intaglio Engraving Drypoint Etching Aquatint Practice ART MATTERS 7.2 Compare an Aquatint and an Etching 7.4 Planographic 7.5 Stencil 7.6 New Directions Nontraditional Matrices Innovative Formats Digital Printmaking HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Prints of Honore Daumier Chapter 8. Photography, Film, and Video HOW ART MATTERS D. W. Griffith's Film The Birth of a Nation 8.1 What Photography Is The Image-Making Properties of Light The First Photographs Still Cameras An Art of Multiples A Record or a Manipulation of the Truth A Biased Presentation Practice ART MATTERS 8.1 Figure Out Whether an Image Has Been Manipulated A Series of Artistic Decisions 8.2 Different Types of Photographs Landscape Portrait Photojournalism Documentary Artistic Expression 8.3 What Film Is The Roots of Film Movie Cameras A Series of Artistic Decisions A Collaborative and Individual Process A Mass Medium A Record or Manipulation of the Truth Practice ART MATTERS 8.2 See How a Film Helped Make a Difference 8.4 Different Types of Films Narrative versus Experimental Films Scripted versus Documentary Films Live-Action versus Animated Films Films of Different Genres 8.5 What Video Is A Technical Process A Record or Manipulation of the Truth An Art Form HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at The Birth of a Nation Chapter 9. Graphic Design HOW ART MATTERS The Graphic Design for the 2020 U.S. Census 9.1 What Graphic Design Is A Client's Message to a Specific Audience A Straightforward and Multiple Form of Communication An Art Form DELVE DEEPER The Ancient Art of Graphic Design 9.2 Components of Graphic Design Images Type Layout Practice ART MATTERS 9.1 Consider the Type on a Candy Package 9.3 Different Types of Graphic Design Signs, Publications, and Packaging Corporate, Nonprofit, and Government Identities Motion Graphics and Interactive Digital Media Practice ART MATTERS 9.2 Compare an Updated Logo with the Original HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Graphic Design for the 2020 U.S. Census Chapter 10. Sculpture HOW ART MATTERS Akua'mma Sculptures 10.1 What Sculpture Is A Three-Dimensional Work of Art An Art Form Created from Tangible Materials Practice ART MATTERS 10.1 Examine How Gold Affects a Sculpture A Meaningful Expression 10.2 Different Types of Sculptures Freestanding Sculptures Relief Sculptures Earthworks Installations Practice ART MATTERS 10.2 Consider the Changing Nature of Earthworks 10.3 Traditional Sculpture Techniques Carving Modeling Casting Constructing and Assembling DELVE DEEPER Casting Toys Practice ART MATTERS 10.3 Explore a Sculpture Formed from Multiple Processes 10.4 New Directions in Sculpture HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at Akua'mma Sculptures Chapter 11. Traditional Craft Media HOW ART MATTERS The Pottery of Maria Martinez 11.1 Conflicting Definitions of Craft Skill versus Intellect Utility versus Appearance Individuality versus Mass Production Practice ART MATTERS 11.1 Consider Whether Mass-Produced Pots Are Art Handmade Feel versus Perfection Reflections of Societies versus Lone Visions Craft and Art Practice ART MATTERS 11.2 Explore How a Work Defies Definition 11.2 Clay Clay Bodies Forming Clay Works Finishing and Firing Clay Works 11.3 Glass Hot Glass Techniques Cold Glass Techniques 11.4 Metal Casting Cold Working Hot Working 11.5 Wood 11.6 Fiber Weaving Carpet Making Basket Making Quilting Creating Works with a Surface Design 11.7 New Directions in Craft HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Pottery of Maria Martinez Chapter 12. Architecture HOW ART MATTERS The Pantheon 12.1 What Architecture Is A Functional Place A Three-Dimensional Work A Work in an Environment A Collaborative and Individual Art Form An Art Form Structured to Withstand Forces 12.2 Shell Construction Methods Load-Bearing and Corbel Post-and-Lintel and Cantilever Practice ART MATTERS 12.1 Explain Why a Paper Lintel Falls Down DELVE DEEPER The Three Orders Arch, Vault, and Dome Practice ART MATTERS 12.2 Determine the Forces That Act on a Paper Arch Practice ART MATTERS 12.3 Explore the Effect of a Cup's Continuous Surface Reinforced Concrete Construction 12.3 Skeleton-and-Skin Construction Methods Frame Construction Suspension Practice ART MATTERS 12.4 Consider the Two Forces That Act on a Necklace 12.4 Recent Innovations in Structures and Materials HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Pantheon PART 4. THE HISTORY OF ART Chapter 13. The Art of Prehistory and Ancient Civilizations in Europe and the Mediterranean HOW ART MATTERS The Parthenon Sculptures 13.1 The Paleolithic Period Wall Paintings Portable Sculptures 13.2 The Neolithic Period 13.3 Mesopotamia Sumer Akkad Babylonia Assyria Practice ART MATTERS 13.1 Compare a Contemporary Leader with an Akkadian Ruler 13.4 Egypt The Role of Art in Promoting the Rule of the Pharaoh Traditional Egyptian Art Akhenaten's Revolution Practice ART MATTERS 13.2 Compare Sculptures of Elite and Non-elite People A Return to Tradition 13.5 Greece The Greek Sense of Individual Identity and Status The Role of Art in Promoting the Status of Different People The Geometric Period The Archaic Period The Classical Period The Hellenistic Period Practice ART MATTERS 13.3 Describe the Ways That Status is Present in a Grave Stele 13.6 Rome Roman Inclusion and Multiculturalism The Role of Art in Creating an Inclusive Roman World Art in the Roman Republic Art in the Roman Empire HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Parthenon Sculptures Connections Power, Servitude, and Ambition Chapter 14. Early Jewish and Christian, Byzantine, and Medieval Art HOW ART MATTERS The Lindisfarne Gospels 14.1 The Late Roman Empire The Diverse Roman World Christianity in the Period of Persecution Christianity under Constantine Practice ART MATTERS 14.1 Explore What Makes a Space Feel Sacred 14.2 The Byzantine Empire The Emperor Justinian and the Empress Theodora Icons and Iconoclasm Practice ART MATTERS 14.2 Compare Images on a Chalice and an Icon 14.3 Early Medieval The Art of Germanic People in Western Europe Art in Charlemagne's Holy Roman Empire 14.4 Romanesque Art in Feudal Europe The Triumph of Christianity and the Romanesque Church DELVE DEEPER Relics and Reliquaries Romanesque Architectural Sculpture Romanesque Book Illustration 14.5 Gothic The Gothic Cathedral Practice ART MATTERS 14.3 Contrast Romanesque and Gothic Churches Gothic Architectural Sculpture 14.6 Toward the Renaissance Changes in Italy Changes in the North HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Lindisfarne Gospels Connections The Divine, Sacred Spaces, and Prayers Chapter 15. Renaissance and Baroque Art HOW ART MATTERS Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel Paintings 15.1 The Renaissance 15.2 The Early Renaissance in Italy Painting Sculpture Practice ART MATTERS 15.1 Consider How a Work Fits with the Renaissance Mentality Architecture 15.3 The High Renaissance in Italy Leonardo Michelangelo Raphael The Renaissance in Venice Mannerism 15.4 The Renaissance and Reformation in Northern Europe Religious Art Self-Portraits The Reformation and Art Practice ART MATTERS 15.2 Explore the Symbolism in a Painting 15.5 The Baroque 15.6 The Baroque in Italy Painting Practice ART MATTERS 15.3 Recognize Baroque Ideas in a Work Architecture Sculpture and Functional Art 15.7 The Baroque in Catholic Countries outside of Italy Spain and Flanders France 15.8 The Baroque in the Dutch Republic Portraits Still Lifes Genre Scenes HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Sistine Chapel Paintings Connections War, Death, and Remembrance Chapter 16. The Art of Africa and Islam HOW ART MATTERS The Great Mosque in Djenne, Mali 16.1 Early Africa Rock Art Nok 16.2 Traditional Africa Baule Practice ART MATTERS 16.1 Identify the Features of Traditional African Art in a Work Bwa Fang Yoruba Benin Asante Nguni 16.3 Islam and Art The Principles of Islam Common Characteristics of Islamic Art 16.4 Early Islam The Umayyads The Abbasids 16.5 Medieval Islam The Mamluks Practice ART MATTERS 16.2 Describe the Characteristics of Islamic Art in a Lamp The Nasrids 16.6 Later Islam The Ottomans The Safavids HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Great Mosque in Djenne, Mali Connections Love, Birth, and Growing Up Chapter 17. The Art of the Pacific and the Americas HOW ART MATTERS Hawaiian Featherwork 17.1 Australia 17.2 The Pacific Islands Melanesia Practice ART MATTERS 17.1 Consider the Nature of a Shield Polynesia 17.3 North America The Eastern Woodlands The Great Plains The Southwest The Northwest Coast 17.4 Mesoamerica Olmec Teotihuacan Maya Aztec Practice ART MATTERS 17.2 Determine the Features of Aztec Society in a Work 17.5 South America Chavin Nazca Inca Practice ART MATTERS 17.3 Explore the Role of Context in a Tunic HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at Hawaiian Featherwork Connections Wildlife, the Land, and the Environment Chapter 18. The Art of Asia HOW ART MATTERS The Japanese Tea Ceremony 18.1 The Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia The Early Indian Subcontinent Buddhism on the Indian Subcontinent and in Southeast Asia Hinduism in India Practice ART MATTERS 18.1 Consider How You Can Classify a Work Islam in India 18.2 China and Korea Early China and Korea Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism, and Their Offshoots in China Practice ART MATTERS 18.2 Identify the Philosophy that Influenced a Work Later China 18.3 Japan Classical Japan Medieval Japan Practice ART MATTERS 18.3 Describe Where You See the Influence of Two Religions on a Work Early Modern Japan HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Japanese Tea Ceremony Connections Work, Play, and Relaxation Chapter 19. Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Art in the West HOW ART MATTERS Edouard Manet's The Luncheon on the Grass 19.1 The Eighteenth Century 19.2 The Rococo Decorative Objects A Lighthearted Painting A Rococo Queen 19.3 Neoclassicism A Model of Classical and Academic Subject Matter and Style Practice ART MATTERS 19.1 Identify the Neoclassical Features in a Work Consistency and Changes in Later Neoclassicism Neoclassicism in Architecture and Objects 19.4 The Nineteenth Century 19.5 Romanticism Uncontrollable Current Events Practice ART MATTERS 19.2 Contrast Neoclassical and Romantic Images "Exotic, Violent" Cultures Mysterious, Awe-Inspiring Landscapes Combined Subject Matters 19.6 Realism The Downtrodden Ordinary Life Animals 19.7 Impressionism Focused on What We Actually See The Name "Impressionism" Composition, Light, and Shadow Japanese Influence Practice ART MATTERS 19.3 Consider Japanese Influence in a Work 19.8 Post-Impressionism and Art Nouveau Post-Impressionism Art Nouveau HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at The Luncheon on the Grass Connections Art, the Artist, and the Inner Mind Chapter 20. Modern Art in the Twentieth-Century Western World HOW ART MATTERS The Earth-Body Works of Ana Mendieta 20.1 Expressionist Movements Fauvism German Expressionism 20.2 Cubism Analytic Cubism Synthetic Cubism DELVE DEEPER Responses to Analytic Cubism 20.3 European Art after World War I Dada Surrealism Practice ART MATTERS 20.1 Explain Why a Work Is Classified as Dada De Stijl The Bauhaus The International Style Practice ART MATTERS 20.2 Consider a Work in the "Degenerate Art" Exhibition 20.4 Art in the United States Regionalism Social Realism The Harlem Renaissance 20.5 The New York School Action Painting Color Field Painting Practice ART MATTERS 20.3 Explore the Work of a Color Field Artist 20.6 Art and Reality Assemblages Environments/Installations Happenings Pop Art 20.7 Pushing the Boundaries of Art Minimalism Conceptual Art Performance Art Earthworks 20.8 Combatting Prejudice Feminist Art Black Protest Art HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Earth-Body Works of Ana Mendieta Connections Suffering, Health, and Survival Chapter 21. Art Since 1980 HOW ART MATTERS The Art of Yinka Shonibare MBE 21.1 The Postmodern Period 21.2 Art of Different Media Architecture Painting Diverse Media Practice ART MATTERS 21.1 Explain Why an Installation Is Postmodern 21.3 Protest Art Art That Protests Social, Political, and Environmental Concerns Art That Looks at How Images and Words Establish Power Practice ART MATTERS 21.2 Explore How Museums Influence Our Views 21.4 Art That Draws on Prior Work Art That Directly Appropriates Prior Art Art That Uses Prior Work as a Point of Departure 21.5 The Contemporary Global World 21.6 Art of Diverse People Referencing Diverse Identities Defying Stereotypes Addressing Social Issues 21.7 Art of a Global World Representing Global Communities Practice ART MATTERS 21.3 Describe How a Work Represents Global Communities Illustrating Our Connected World Giving a Voice to Global Issues and Concerns HOW ART MATTERS A Look Back at the Art of Yinka Shonibare MBE Connections Identity, Discrimination, and Social Ties Glossary Endnotes Credits Index