Introduction to Logistics Systems Planning and Control

Foreword. Preface. Abbreviations. Problems and Website. Acknowledgements. About the Authors. 1 Introducing Logistics Systems. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 How Logistics Systems Work. 1.2.1 Order processing. 1.2.2 Inventory management. 1.2.3 Freight transportation. 1.3 Logistics Managerial Issues. 1.4 Emerging Trends in Logistics. 1.5 Logistics Decisions. 1.5.1 Decision support methods. 1.5.2 Outline of the book. 1.6 Questions and Problems. 1.7 Annotated Bibliography. 2 Forecasting Logistics Requirements. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Demand Forecasting Methods. 2.2.1 Qualitative methods. 2.2.2 Quantitative methods. 2.2.3 Notation. 2.3 Causal Methods. 2.4 Time Series Extrapolation. 2.4.1 Time series decomposition method. 2.5 Further Time Series Extrapolation Methods: the Constant Trend Case. 2.5.1 Elementary technique. 2.5.2 Moving average method. 2.5.3 Exponential smoothing method. 2.5.4 Choice of the smoothing constant. 2.5.5 The demand forecasts for the subsequent time periods. 2.6 Further Time Series Extrapolation Methods: the Linear Trend Case. 2.6.1 Elementary technique. 2.6.2 Linear regression method. 2.6.3 Double moving average method. 2.6.4 The Holt method. 2.7 Further Time Series Extrapolation Methods: the Seasonal Effect Case. 2.7.1 Elementary technique. 2.7.2 Revised exponential smoothing method. 2.7.3 The Winters method. 2.8 Advanced Forecasting Methods. 2.9 Selection and Control of Forecasting Methods. 2.9.1 Accuracy measures. 2.9.2 Forecast control. 2.10 Questions and Problems. 2.11 Annotated Bibliography. 3 Designing the Logistics Network. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Classification of Location Problems. 3.3 Single-Echelon Single-Commodity Location Models. 3.3.1 Linear transportation costs and facility fixed costs. 3.3.2 Linear transportation costs and concave piecewise linear facility operating costs. 3.4 Two-Echelon Multicommodity Location Models. 3.5 Logistics Facility Location in the Public Sector. 3.5.1 p-centre models. 3.5.2 The location-covering model. 3.6 Data Aggregation. 3.7 Questions and Problems. 3.8 Annotated Bibliography. 4 Solving Inventory Management Problems. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Relevant Costs. 4.3 Classification of Inventory Management Models. 4.4 Single Stocking Point: Single-Commodity Inventory Models under Constant Demand Rate. 4.4.1 Noninstantaneous resupply. 4.4.2 Instantaneous resupply. 4.4.3 Reorder point. 4.5 Single Stocking Point: Single-Commodity Inventory Models under Deterministic Time-Varying Demand Rate. 4.6 Models with Discounts. 4.6.1 Quantity-discounts-on-all-units. 4.6.2 Incremental quantity discounts. 4.7 Single Stocking Point: Multicommodity Inventory Models. 4.7.1 Models with capacity constraints. 4.7.2 Models with joint costs. 4.8 Stochastic Models. 4.8.1 The Newsboy Problem. 4.8.2 The (s, S) policy for single period problems. 4.8.3 The reorder point policy. 4.8.4 The periodic review policy. 4.8.5 The (s, S) policy. 4.8.6 The two-bin policy. 4.9 Selecting an Inventory Policy. 4.10 Multiple Stocking Point Models. 4.11 Slow-Moving Item Models. 4.12 Policy Robustness. 4.13 Questions and Problems. 4.14 Annotated Bibliography. 5 Designing and Operating a Warehouse. 5.1 Introduction. 5.1.1 Internal warehouse structure and operations. 5.1.2 Storage media. 5.1.3 Storage/retrieval transport mechanisms and policies. 5.1.4 Decisions support methodologies. 5.2 Warehouse Design. 5.2.1 Selecting the storage medium and the storage/retrieval transport mechanism. 5.2.2 Sizing the receiving and shipment subsystems. 5.2.3 Sizing the storage subsystems. 5.3 Tactical Decisions. 5.3.1 Product allocation. 5.4 Operational Decisions. 5.4.1 Batch formation. 5.4.2 Order picker routing. 5.4.3 Packing problems. 5.5 Questions and Problems. 5.6 Annotated Bibliography. 6 Planning and Managing Long-Haul Freight Transportation. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Relevant Costs. 6.3 Classification of Transportation Problems. 6.4 Fleet Composition. 6.5 Freight Traffic Assignment Problems. 6.5.1 Minimum-cost flow formulation. 6.5.2 Linear single-commodity minimum-cost flow problems. 6.5.3 Linear multicommodity minimum-cost flow problems. 6.6 Service Network Design Problems. 6.6.1 Fixed-charge network design models. 6.6.2 The linear fixed-charge network design model. 6.7 Shipment Consolidation and Dispatching. 6.8 Freight Terminal Design and Operations. 6.8.1 Design issues. 6.8.2 Tactical and operational issues. 6.9 Vehicle Allocation Problems. 6.10 The Dynamic Driver Assignment Problem. 6.11 Questions and Problems. 6.12 Annotated Bibliography. 7 Planning and Managing Short-Haul Freight Transportation. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Vehicle Routing Problems. 7.3 The Travelling Salesman Problem. 7.3.1 The asymmetric travelling salesman problem. 7.3.2 The symmetric travelling salesman problem. 7.4 The Node Routing Problem with Capacity and Length Constraints. 7.4.1 Constructive heuristics. 7.5 The Node Routing and Scheduling Problem with TimeWindows. 7.5.1 An insertion heuristic. 7.5.2 A unified tabu search procedure for constrained node routing problems. 7.6 Arc Routing Problems. 7.6.1 The Chinese postman problem. 7.6.2 The rural postman problem 286 7.7 Real-Time Vehicle Routing and Dispatching. 7.8 Integrated Location and Routing. 7.9 Vendor-Managed Inventory Routing. 7.10 Questions and Problems. 7.11 Annotated Bibliography. 8 Linking Theory to Practice. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Shipment Consolidation and Dispatching at ExxonMobil Chemical. 8.3 Distribution Management at Pfizer. 8.3.1 The Logistics System. 8.3.2 The Italian ALFA10 distribution system. 8.4 Freight Rail Transportation at Railion. 8.5 Yard Management at the Gioia Tauro Marine Terminal. 8.6 Municipal Solid Waste Collection and Disposal Management at the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth. 8.7 Demand Forecasting at Adriatica Accumulatori. 8.8 Distribution Logistics Network Design at DowBrands. 8.9 ContainerWarehouse Location at Hardcastle. 8.10 Inventory Management atWolferine. 8.11 Airplane Loading at FedEx. 8.12 Container Loading atWaterworld. 8.12.1 Packing rolls into containers. 8.12.2 Packing pallets into containers. 8.13 Air Network Design at Intexpress. 8.14 Bulk-Cargo Ship Scheduling Problem at the US Navy. 8.15 Meter Reader Routing and Scheduling at Socal. 8.16 Annotated Bibliography. 8.17 Further Case Studies. Index.