Synopsis of Diseases of the Chest

1. THE NORMAL CHEST . The Airways and Pulmonary Ventilation . The Pulmonary Vascular System . The Bronchial Circulation . Pulmonary Defense and Other Nonrespiratory Functions . Development and Growth of the Lung . Innervation of the Lung . The Pleura . The Lymphatic System . The Thoracic Inlet . The Mediastinum . Control of Breathing . The Respiratory Muscles . The Chest Wall . The Normal Lung: Radiography . The Normal Lung: Computed Tomography 2. METHODS OF RADIOLOGIC INVESTIGATION . Radiography . Computed Tomography . Magnetic Resonance Imaging . Radionuclide Imaging . Ultrasonography 3. RADIOLOGIC SIGNS OF CHEST DISEASE . Increased Lung Density . Decreased Lung Density . Atelectasis . Pleural Abnormalities 4. DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN CHEST DISEASE . The Clinical History . Physical Examination . Pathologic and Endoscopic Investigation . Functional Investigation 5. DEVELOPMENTAL AND METABOLIC LUNG DISEASE . Bronchopulmonary Anomalies . Anomalies of the Pulmonary Arteries . Anomalies of the Pulmonary Veins . Anomalies of Both Arteries and Veins . Anomalies of the Pulmonary Lymphatics . Miscellaneous Vascular Anomalies . Metabolic Pulmonary Disease 6. INFECTIOUS DISEASE OF THE LUNGS . General Considerations . Aerobic and Facultative Bacteria . Gram-Negative Bacteria . Spirochetes . Anaerobic Bacteria . Mycobacteria . Fungi and Actinomyces . Viruses . Mycoplasmas . Protozoa . Helminths 7. PULMONARY NEOPLASMS . Pulmonary Carcinoma . Neuroendocrine Neoplasms . Miscellaneous Epithelial Tumors . Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Leukemia . Mesenchymal Neoplasms . Neoplasms of Uncertain Histogenesis . Non-neoplastic Tumor-like Lesions . Secondary Neoplasms 8. PULMONARY MANIFESTATIONS OF HIV INFECTION . Pulmonary Infection . Pulmonary Neoplasia . Miscellaneous Pulmonary Abnormalities 9. CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE . Sarcoidosis . Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis . Lymphangioleiomyomatosis . Neurofibromatosis . Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia 10. IMMUNOLOGIC LUNG DISEASE . Connective Tissue Disease . Vasculitis . Organic Dust Pulmonary Disease . Eosinophilic Lung Disease . Pulmonary Hemorrhage 11. TRANSPLANTATION . Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation . Bone Marrow Transplantation . Liver Transplantation 12. EMBOLIC AND THROMBOTIC DISEASES OF THE LUNGS . Pulmonary Thrombosis . Pulmonary Thromboembolism . Septic Thromboembolism . Pulmonary Manifestations of Sickle Cell . Disease . Emboli of Extravascular Tissue and Secretions . Emboli of Foreign Material 13. PULMONARY HYPERTENSION . General Features of Pulmonary Hypertension . Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension . Pulmonary Venous Hypertension . Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Diseases of the Respiratory System and/or Hypoxemia . Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Chronic Thrombotic and/or Embolic Disease . Pulmonary Hypertension Caused by Disorders Directly Affecting the Pulmonary Vasculature 14. PULMONARY EDEMA . General Pathogenetic Features . Pulmonary Edema Associated with Elevated Microvascular Pressure . Pulmonary Edema Associated with Normal Microvascular Pressure 15. DISEASE OF THE AIRWAYS . Obstructive Disease of the Upper Airways . Obstructive Sleep Apnea . Asthma . Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . Cystic Fibrosis . Bronchiectasis . Broncholithiasis . Bronchial Fistulas . Bronchiolitis 16. DISEASE CAUSED BY INHALED INORGANIC DUST . International Classification of Radiographs of the Pneumoconioses . Silica . Coal and Carbon . Asbestos . Other Silicates . Inert Radiopaque Dust . Miscellaneous Inorganic Dust 17. PULMONARY DISEASE CAUSED BY ASPIRATION AND INHALED GASES . Aspiration Lung Injury . Toxic Gas- and Aerosol-Induced Lung Injury . Bronchopulmonary Disease Associated with Burns 18. PULMONARY DISEASE CAUSED BY DRUGS, POISONS, AND IRRADIATION . Drugs . Poisons . Irradiation 19. TRAUMATIC LUNG INJURY . Effects of Nonpenetrating Trauma on the Lungs . Effects of Nonpenetrating Trauma on the Pleura . Effects of Nonpenetrating Trauma on the Mediastinum . Effects of Nonpenetrating Trauma on the Chest Wall and Diaphragm . Effects of Penetrating Trauma on the Thorax . Complications of Thoracic Surgery . Complications of Nonthoracic Surgery . Complications of Therapeutic Procedures 20. PLEURAL DISEASE . Pleural Effusion . Specific Causes of Pleural Effusion . Chylothorax . Pneumothorax . Pleural Fibrosis . Pleural Neoplasms 21. MEDIASTINAL DISEASE . Mediastinitis . Pneumomediastinum . Mediastinal Hemorrhage . Mediastinal Masses 22. DISEASE OF THE DIAPHRAGM AND CHESTWALL . The Diaphragm . The Chest Wall 23. RESPIRATORY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH A NORMAL RADIOGRAPH . Pulmonary Parenchymal, Airway, and Vascular Disease Associated with a Normal Radiograph . Pleural Disease Associated with a Normal Radiograph . Alveolar Hypoventilation . Alveolar Hyperventilation . Methemoglobinemia Carbon Monoxide Poisoning