Gender and Elections

Richard L. Fox is the Dean of the Bellarmine College of Liberal Arts (BCLA) and professor of political science at Loyola Marymount University. His research examines how gender affects voting behavior, state executive elections, congressional elections, and political ambition. He is co-author of It Takes More than a Candidate: Why Women Don't Run for Office (Cambridge University Press, 2025), American Politics: A Field Guide (2023), Women, Men & US Politics: Ten Big Questions (2017), and Running from Office: Why Young Americans Are Turned Off to Politics (2015). His articles have appeared in the Journal of Politics, American Journal of Political Science, American Political Science Review, Political Psychology, PS, Women & Politics, Political Research Quarterly, and Public Administration Review. Kelly Dittmar is an associate professor of political science at Rutgers-Camden. She is also a scholar and the Director of Research at the Center for American Women and Politics (CAWP) at the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University. Her research focuses on gender and American political institutions. She is the co-author of A Seat at the Table: Congresswomen's Perspectives on Why Their Representation Matters (2018, with Kira Sanbonmatsu and Susan J. Carroll) and author of Navigating Gendered Terrain: Stereotypes and Strategy in Political Campaigns (2015). At CAWP, Dittmar manages national research projects, helps to develop and implement CAWP's research agenda, and contributes to CAWP reports, publications, and analyses. Susan J. Carroll is professor emerita at Rutgers University. Formerly a senior scholar at the Center for American Women and Politics, the Eagleton Institute of Politics, Rutgers University, she is coauthor of A Seat at the Table: Congresswomen's Perspectives on Why Their Presence Matters (2018, with Kelly Dittmar and Kira Sanbonmatsu) and More Women Can Run: Gender and Pathways to State Legislatures (2013, with Kira Sanbonmatsu). Earlier books include Women as Candidates in American Politics (2nd edition, 1994), Women and American Politics: New Questions, New Directions (2003), and The Impact of Women in Public Office (2001). Carroll also has published numerous journal articles and book chapters focusing on women candidates, voters, elected officials, and political appointees in the United States.