Strained Hydrocarbons

INTRODUCTION Initial Remarks Hydrocarbons with Unusual Spatial Structure: The Need to Finance Basic Research Computations on Strained Hydrocarbons Gallery of Molecules That Could Have Been Included in this Book DISTORTED SATURATED HYDROCARBONS Molecules with Inverted Carbon Atoms Molecules with Planar and Pyramidal Carbon Atoms A Theoretical Approach to Study and Design of Prismane Systems (CH)2n Cage Structures, 'in'-'out' Isomerism in Perhydrogenated Fullerenes and Planar Cyclohexane Rings Ultralong C-C bonds Ultrashort C-C bonds DISTORTED ALKENES Nonplanar Alkenes Small Ring and Cage Structures Involving Nonplanar C=C Bonds Strained Cyclic Allenes and Cumulenes STRAINED AROMATIC MOLECULES Nonstandard Benzenes Distorted Cyclophanes Helicenes Cycloproparenes FULLERENES Introduction Chemistry Influenced by the Nontypical Structure: Modification of [60]Fullerene Physicochemical Properties and the Unusual Structure of Fullerenes Fullerene Aggregates Endohedral Fullerenes with Neutral Atoms and Molecules Hydrogenated Fullerenes Applications of Fullerenes CARBON NANOTUBES The Structure and Properties of Carbon Nanotubes The Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Applications of Carbon Nanotubes ANGLE-STRAINED CYCLOALKYNES Introduction Cyclopropyne and Cyclobutyne: Speculations and Calculations on Non-Isolable Cycloalkynes Cyclopentyne, Cyclohexyne, Cycloheptyne: From Reactive Intermediates to Isolable Compounds The Isolable Angle-Strained Cycloalkynes: Cyclooctyne, Cyclononyne, and Beyond Cyclic Polyacetylenes Spectroscopic Properties of Angle-Strained Cycloalkynes MOLECULES WITH LABILE BONDS: SELECTED ANNULENES AND BRIDGED HOMOTROPILIDENES Introduction Annulenes Cyclooctatetraene Bond Shifting, Ring Inversion and Antiaromaticity Valence Isomerization Ions Derived from COT The Higher Annulenes Bridged Homotrophilidenes Recent Developments MOLECULES WITH NONSTANDARD TOPOLOGICAL PROPERTIES: CENTROHEXAINDANE, KURATOWSKI´S CYCLOPHANE AND OTHER NONPLANAR MOLECULES Introduction Topologically Nonplanar Graphs and Molecular Motifs Centrohexaindane K5 Versus K3,3 Molecules Kuratowski?s Cyclophane SHORT-LIVED SPECIES STABILIZED IN 'MOLECULAR' OR 'SUPRAMOLECULAR FLASKS' CONCLUDING REMARKS