Space Weather

Chapter 1: The Sun The anatomy of the Sun, from the core to the corona. The solar magnetic field and the solar cycle The origins of the solar wind Magnetic reconnection and the interplanetary magnetic field Galactic cosmic ray shielding by the solar wind Spacecraft instrumentation and techniques for monitoring the solar wind Chapter 2: The steady-state solar wind Properties of the solar wind; temperature, speed, density etc Co-rotating Interaction Regions Modulation of GCR flux Modelling the steady-state solar wind Chapter 3: The time-dependent solar wind Flares and associated energetic particles Coronal Mass Ejections Tracking and prediction of CME arrival at Earth Modulation of GCR flux Forbush decreases Modelling CMEs Chapter 4: The Earth s magnetosphere Morphology of the magnetosphere Magnetic reconnection at Earth Monitoring the magnetosphere and radiation belts Modelling the magnetospheric response to the solar wind Spaceweather effects on Spacecraft Astronauts Chapter 5: The Earth s atmosphere The Earth s ionosphere and upper atmosphere Monitoring methods Ionospheric and Geomagnetic storms The aurora Space weather effects on; Radio communication Ground-based power systems Navigational systems Modelling space weather effects on the Earth s atmosphere Chapter 6: Space Weather Climatology Extremes of space weather - a historical perspective Space weather events recorded in solar, ionospheric and geomagnetic data archives Space weather modulation of cosmogenic isotope production The effects of space-weather at other planets Beyond our solar system: Stellar winds and extra-solar planets Predicting long-term space weather climatologies