Research Design
Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches
2nd Edition
Published on 18. September 2002
Book
Hardback
272 pages
978-0-7619-2441-8 (ISBN)
Description
`It is a book that will stimulate the graduate student and provide a rich source of material for any teacher of research design' -
Qualitative Research Journal
The book that has helped more than 80,000 students and researchers prepare their plan or proposal for a scholarly journal article, dissertation or thesis has been revised and updated while maintaining all the features that made the First Edition so popular.
New in the Second Edition: every chapter now shows how to implement a mixed method design as well as how to tackle quantitative and qualitative approaches; ethical issues have been added to a new section in Chapter 3; writing tips and considerations have been expanded and moved to the first part of the book to ensure research plans and proposals start in the right direction; and, the latest developments in qualitative inquiry (advocacy, participatory and emancipatory approaches) have been added to Chapter 10.
Writing exercises conclude each chapter so that readers can practice the principles learned in the chapter, and, if all the exercises are completed have a written plan for their study. In addition, numbered points provide a handy checklist for each step in a process and annotated passages help the reader's comprehension of key research ideas.
Qualitative Research Journal
The book that has helped more than 80,000 students and researchers prepare their plan or proposal for a scholarly journal article, dissertation or thesis has been revised and updated while maintaining all the features that made the First Edition so popular.
New in the Second Edition: every chapter now shows how to implement a mixed method design as well as how to tackle quantitative and qualitative approaches; ethical issues have been added to a new section in Chapter 3; writing tips and considerations have been expanded and moved to the first part of the book to ensure research plans and proposals start in the right direction; and, the latest developments in qualitative inquiry (advocacy, participatory and emancipatory approaches) have been added to Chapter 10.
Writing exercises conclude each chapter so that readers can practice the principles learned in the chapter, and, if all the exercises are completed have a written plan for their study. In addition, numbered points provide a handy checklist for each step in a process and annotated passages help the reader's comprehension of key research ideas.
Reviews / Votes
"It is both usefully expanded and very reader friendly. The book has a distinctive helpful tone and an almost "how to do it" style. If one liked the first edition, then he or she will probably adore this one." -- Organizational Research Methods "The success of mixed methods is particularly noticeable in medical and health-related research: in order to secure funding, it is advisable to incorporate a quantitative element into any such research project, and from the point of view of working with human subjects, most qualitative researchers would argue that a qualitative element is required." -Alison Scott-Baumann, University of Gloucestershire -- Alison Scott-BaumannMore details
Edition
2nd Revised edition
Language
English
Place of publication
Thousand Oaks
United States
Target group
College/higher education
Edition type
Revised edition
Dimensions
Height: 229 mm
Width: 152 mm
Weight
537 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-7619-2441-8 (9780761924418)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
New editions
Book
07/2008
3rd Edition
SAGE Publications Inc
€138.16
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Previous edition
Book
06/1994
1st Edition
SAGE Publications Inc
€93.04
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Person
John W. Creswell, PhD, is a Professor of Family Medicine and Senior Research Scientist of
the Michigan Mixed Methods Program. He has authored numerous articles and 34 books on
mixed methods research, qualitative research, and research design. While at the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, he held the Clifton Endowed Professor Chair, served as Director of the
Mixed Methods Research Office, co-founded SAGE's Journal of Mixed Methods Research, and
was an Adjunct Professor of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan and a consultant to
the Veterans Administration Health Services Research Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He was
a Senior Fulbright Scholar to South Africa in 2008 and to Thailand in 2012. In 2011, he co-led
a National Institutes of Health working group on the "best practices of mixed methods research
in the health sciences," served as a Visiting Professor at Harvard's School of Public Health and
received an honorary doctorate from the University of Pretoria, South Africa. In 2014, he was
the founding President of the Mixed Methods International Research Association. In 2015, he
joined the staff of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan to Co-Direct the Michigan
Mixed Methods Program. In 2017, he coauthored the American Psychological Association
"standards" on qualitative and mixed methods research. The fourth edition of this book on
Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design won the 2018 McGuffey Longevity Award from the U.S.
Textbook & Academic Authors Association. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he gave virtual
keynote presentations to many countries from his office in Osaka, Japan. Updates on his work
can be found on his website at johnwcreswell.com.
the Michigan Mixed Methods Program. He has authored numerous articles and 34 books on
mixed methods research, qualitative research, and research design. While at the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, he held the Clifton Endowed Professor Chair, served as Director of the
Mixed Methods Research Office, co-founded SAGE's Journal of Mixed Methods Research, and
was an Adjunct Professor of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan and a consultant to
the Veterans Administration Health Services Research Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He was
a Senior Fulbright Scholar to South Africa in 2008 and to Thailand in 2012. In 2011, he co-led
a National Institutes of Health working group on the "best practices of mixed methods research
in the health sciences," served as a Visiting Professor at Harvard's School of Public Health and
received an honorary doctorate from the University of Pretoria, South Africa. In 2014, he was
the founding President of the Mixed Methods International Research Association. In 2015, he
joined the staff of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan to Co-Direct the Michigan
Mixed Methods Program. In 2017, he coauthored the American Psychological Association
"standards" on qualitative and mixed methods research. The fourth edition of this book on
Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design won the 2018 McGuffey Longevity Award from the U.S.
Textbook & Academic Authors Association. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he gave virtual
keynote presentations to many countries from his office in Osaka, Japan. Updates on his work
can be found on his website at johnwcreswell.com.
Content
Preface
Purpose
Audience
Format
Outline of Chapters
1. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
Ch 1. A Framework for Design
Three Elements of Inquiry
Alternative Knowledge Claims
Strategies of Inquiry
Research Methods
Three Approaches to Research
Criteria for Selecting an Approach
Personal Experiences
Audience
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 2. Review of the Literature
Identifying a Topic
A Researchable Topic
Purpose of the Literature Review
Literature Reviews in Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Research
Design Techniques
Example 2.1 Review of a Quantitative Study
Example 2.2 Review of a Study Advancing a Typology
Style Manuals
A Model for Writing the Literature Review
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 3 Writing Strategies and Ethical Considerations
Writing the Proposal
Central Arguments to Make
Example 3.1 A Qualitative Constructivist/Interpretivist Format
Example 3.2 A Qualitative Advocacy/Participatory Format
Example 3.3 A Quantitative Format
Example 3.4 A Mixed Methods Format
Writing Tips
Example 3.5 A Sample Passage Illustrating the Hook-and-Eye-Technique
Ethical Issues to Anticipate
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Part 2 DESIGNING RESEARCH
Ch 4 The Introduction
The Importance of Introductions
Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Introductions
A Model for an Introduction
Example 4.1 Deficiencies in the Literature - Needed Explorations
Example 4.2 Deficiencies in the Literature - Few Studies
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 5 The Purpose Statement
Significance and Meaning of a Purpose Statement
A Qualitative Purpose Statement
Example 5.1 A Purpose Statement in a Qualitative Phenomenology Study
Example 5.2 A Purpose Statement in a Case Study
Example 5.3 A Purpose Statement in an Ethnographic Study
A Quantitative Purpose Statement
Example 5.4 A Purpose Statement in a Grounded Theory Study
Example 5.5 A Purpose Statement in a Published Survey Study
Example 5.6 A Purpose Statement in a Dissertation Survey Study
Example 5.7 A Purpose Statement in a Experimental Study
A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement
Example 5.8 A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement, Convergent Strategy of Inquiry
Example 5.9 A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement, Sequential Strategy of Inquiry
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 6 Research Questions and Hypotheses
Qualitative Research Questions
Example 6.1 A Qualitative Central Question From an Ethnography
Example 6.2 Central Questions From a Case Study
Quantitative Research Questions and Hypotheses
Example 6.3 A Null Hypothesis
Example 6.4 Directional Hypotheses
Example 6.5 Nondirectional and Directional Hypotheses
Example 6.6 Standard Use of Language in Hypothesis
Mixed Method Research Questions and Hypotheses
Example 6.7 Descriptive and Inferential Questions
Example 6.8 Hypotheses and Research Questions in a Mixed Methods Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 7 The Use of Theory
Quantitative Theory-Use
Example 7.1 A Quantitative Theory Section
Qualitative Theory-Use
Example 7.2 An Example of Theory-Use Early in a Qualitative Study
Example 7.3 A Theory at the End of a Qualitative Study
Mixed Methods Theory-Use
Example 7.4 A Transformative-Emancipatory Mixed Methods Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 8 Definitions, Limitations, and Significance
The Definition of Terms
Example 8.1 Terms Defined in a Mixed Methods Dissertation
Example 8.2 Terms Defined in an Independent Variables Section in a Quantitative Dissertation
Delimitations and Limitations
Example 8.3 A Delimitation and a Limitation in a Doctoral Dissertation Proposal
Significance of the Proposed Study
Example 8.4 Significance of the Study Stated in an Introduction to a Quantitative Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 9 Quantitative Methods
Defining Surveys and Experiments
Components of a Survey Method Plan
Example 9.1 An Example of a Survey Method Section
Components of an Experimental Method Plan
Example 9.2 Pre-Experimental Designs
Example 9.3 Quasi-Experimental Designs
Example 9.4 True Experimental Designs
Example 9.5 Single-Subject Designs
Threats to Validity
Example 9.6 An Experimental Method Section
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 10 Qualitative Procedures
The Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Strategies of Inquiry
The Researcher's Role
Data Collection Procedures
Data Recording Procedures
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Validating the Accuracy of Findings
The Qualitative Narrative
Example 10.1 Qualitative Procedures
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 11 Mixed Methods Procedures
Components of Mixed Methods Procedures
The Nature of Mixed Methods Research
Types of Mixed Methods Strategies
Alternative Strategies and Visual Models
Data Collection Procedures
Data Analysis and Validation Procedures
Report Presentation Structure
Examples of Mixed Methods Procedures
Example 11.1 A Sequential Strategy of Inquiry
Example 11.2 A Concurrent Strategy of Inquiry
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
References
Author Index
Subject Index
About the Author
Purpose
Audience
Format
Outline of Chapters
1. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
Ch 1. A Framework for Design
Three Elements of Inquiry
Alternative Knowledge Claims
Strategies of Inquiry
Research Methods
Three Approaches to Research
Criteria for Selecting an Approach
Personal Experiences
Audience
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 2. Review of the Literature
Identifying a Topic
A Researchable Topic
Purpose of the Literature Review
Literature Reviews in Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Research
Design Techniques
Example 2.1 Review of a Quantitative Study
Example 2.2 Review of a Study Advancing a Typology
Style Manuals
A Model for Writing the Literature Review
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 3 Writing Strategies and Ethical Considerations
Writing the Proposal
Central Arguments to Make
Example 3.1 A Qualitative Constructivist/Interpretivist Format
Example 3.2 A Qualitative Advocacy/Participatory Format
Example 3.3 A Quantitative Format
Example 3.4 A Mixed Methods Format
Writing Tips
Example 3.5 A Sample Passage Illustrating the Hook-and-Eye-Technique
Ethical Issues to Anticipate
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Part 2 DESIGNING RESEARCH
Ch 4 The Introduction
The Importance of Introductions
Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Introductions
A Model for an Introduction
Example 4.1 Deficiencies in the Literature - Needed Explorations
Example 4.2 Deficiencies in the Literature - Few Studies
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 5 The Purpose Statement
Significance and Meaning of a Purpose Statement
A Qualitative Purpose Statement
Example 5.1 A Purpose Statement in a Qualitative Phenomenology Study
Example 5.2 A Purpose Statement in a Case Study
Example 5.3 A Purpose Statement in an Ethnographic Study
A Quantitative Purpose Statement
Example 5.4 A Purpose Statement in a Grounded Theory Study
Example 5.5 A Purpose Statement in a Published Survey Study
Example 5.6 A Purpose Statement in a Dissertation Survey Study
Example 5.7 A Purpose Statement in a Experimental Study
A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement
Example 5.8 A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement, Convergent Strategy of Inquiry
Example 5.9 A Mixed Methods Purpose Statement, Sequential Strategy of Inquiry
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 6 Research Questions and Hypotheses
Qualitative Research Questions
Example 6.1 A Qualitative Central Question From an Ethnography
Example 6.2 Central Questions From a Case Study
Quantitative Research Questions and Hypotheses
Example 6.3 A Null Hypothesis
Example 6.4 Directional Hypotheses
Example 6.5 Nondirectional and Directional Hypotheses
Example 6.6 Standard Use of Language in Hypothesis
Mixed Method Research Questions and Hypotheses
Example 6.7 Descriptive and Inferential Questions
Example 6.8 Hypotheses and Research Questions in a Mixed Methods Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 7 The Use of Theory
Quantitative Theory-Use
Example 7.1 A Quantitative Theory Section
Qualitative Theory-Use
Example 7.2 An Example of Theory-Use Early in a Qualitative Study
Example 7.3 A Theory at the End of a Qualitative Study
Mixed Methods Theory-Use
Example 7.4 A Transformative-Emancipatory Mixed Methods Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 8 Definitions, Limitations, and Significance
The Definition of Terms
Example 8.1 Terms Defined in a Mixed Methods Dissertation
Example 8.2 Terms Defined in an Independent Variables Section in a Quantitative Dissertation
Delimitations and Limitations
Example 8.3 A Delimitation and a Limitation in a Doctoral Dissertation Proposal
Significance of the Proposed Study
Example 8.4 Significance of the Study Stated in an Introduction to a Quantitative Study
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 9 Quantitative Methods
Defining Surveys and Experiments
Components of a Survey Method Plan
Example 9.1 An Example of a Survey Method Section
Components of an Experimental Method Plan
Example 9.2 Pre-Experimental Designs
Example 9.3 Quasi-Experimental Designs
Example 9.4 True Experimental Designs
Example 9.5 Single-Subject Designs
Threats to Validity
Example 9.6 An Experimental Method Section
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 10 Qualitative Procedures
The Characteristics of Qualitative Research
Strategies of Inquiry
The Researcher's Role
Data Collection Procedures
Data Recording Procedures
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Validating the Accuracy of Findings
The Qualitative Narrative
Example 10.1 Qualitative Procedures
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
Ch 11 Mixed Methods Procedures
Components of Mixed Methods Procedures
The Nature of Mixed Methods Research
Types of Mixed Methods Strategies
Alternative Strategies and Visual Models
Data Collection Procedures
Data Analysis and Validation Procedures
Report Presentation Structure
Examples of Mixed Methods Procedures
Example 11.1 A Sequential Strategy of Inquiry
Example 11.2 A Concurrent Strategy of Inquiry
Summary
Writing Exercises
Additional Readings
References
Author Index
Subject Index
About the Author