Wind and Trees

Part I. Airflow over Topgraphy and in Forests: 1. Turbulent airflow in forests on flat and hilly terrain; 2. The interaction of the wind and tree movement in forest canopies; 3. Edge effects on diffusivity in the roughness layer over a forest; 4. A wind tunnel study of turbulent airflow in forest clearcuts; 5. Testing of a linear airflow model for flow over complex terrain and subject to stable, structured stratification; 6. Predicting windspeeds for forest area in complex terrain; Part II. Mechanics of Trees under Wind Loading: 7. Understanding wind force on trees; 8. Peak mechanical stress in sitka spruce stems; 9. Experimental analysis and mechanical modelling of wind induced tree sways; 10. Failure modes of trees and related failure criteria; 11. An experimental investigation of the effects of dynamic loading on coniferous trees planted on wet mineral soils; 12. Measurement of wind induced tree-root stresses in New Zealand; 13. New methods for the assessment of wood quality in standing trees; Part III. Tree Physiological Responses: 14. Wind induced physiological and developmental responses in trees; 15. Responses of young trees to wind; 16. Wind stability factors in tree selection; 17. Development of buttresses in rainforest trees; Part IV. Impacts of Wind on Forests and Ecology: 18. Hurricane disturbance regimes in temperate and tropical forest ecosystems; 19. A comparison of methods for quantifying catastrophic wind damage to forests; 20. Windthrow and airflow in a subalpine forest; Part V. Risk Assessment and Management Response: 21. Assessing the risk of wind damage to forests; 22. Forest wind damage risk assessment for environmental impact studies; 23. Stem number regulation models and wind stability in Norway spruce stands; 24. Thinning regime in stands of Norway spruce subjected to snow and wind damage; 25. A synopsis of windthrow in British Columbia; 26. Wind damage to New Zealand state plantation forests; 27. The experience of the Selwyn Plantation Board, New Zealand.