Introductory Chemistry
Concepts and Connections
4th Edition
Published on 13. December 2004
Book
Hardback
656 pages
978-0-13-144850-6 (ISBN)
Description
For one-semester courses in Basic Chemistry, Introduction to Chemistry, and Preparatory Chemistry, and the first term of Allied Health Chemistry.
This text is carefully crafted to help students learn chemical skills and concepts more effectively. Corwin covers math and problem-solving early in the text; he builds student confidence and skills through innovative problem-solving pedagogy and technology formulated to meet student needs.
This text is carefully crafted to help students learn chemical skills and concepts more effectively. Corwin covers math and problem-solving early in the text; he builds student confidence and skills through innovative problem-solving pedagogy and technology formulated to meet student needs.
More details
Edition
4th edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
Professional and scholarly
Dimensions
Height: 284 mm
Width: 215 mm
Thickness: 25 mm
Weight
1567 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-13-144850-6 (9780131448506)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Content
1. Introduction to Chemistry.
1.1 Evolution of Chemistry. 1.2. Modern Chemistry. 1.3 Learning Chemistry. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
2. Scientific Measurements.
2.1. Uncertainty in Measurements. 2.2. Significant Digits. 2.3. Rounding Off Nonsignificant Digits. 2.4. Adding and Subtracting Measurements. 2.5. Multiplying and Dividing Measurements. 2.6. Exponential Numbers. 2.7. Scientific Notation. 2.8. Unit Equations and Unit Factors. 2.9. Unit Analysis Problem Solving. 2.10. The Percent Concept. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
3. The Metric System.
3.1. Basic Units and Symbols. 3.2. Metric Conversion Factors. 3.3. Metric-Metric Conversions. 3.4. Metric-English Conversions. 3.5. Volume by Calculation. 3.6. Volume by Displacement. 3.7. The Density Concept. 3.8. Temperature. 3.9. Heat and Specific Heat. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 1-3.
4. Matter and Energy.
4.1. Physical States of Matter. 4.2. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. 4.3. Names and Symbols of the Elements. 4.4. Metals, Nonmetals, and Semimetals. 4.5. Compounds and Chemical Formulas. 4.6. Physical and Chemical Properties. 4.7. Physical and Chemical Changes. 4.8. Conservation of Mass. 4.9. Potential and Kinetic Energy. 4.10. Conservation of Energy. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
5. Models of the Atom.
5.1. Dalton Model of the Atom. 5.2. Thomson Model of the Atom. 5.3. Rutherford Model of the Atom. 5.4. Atomic Notation. 5.5. Atomic Mass. 5.6. The Wave Nature of Light. 5.7. The Quantum Concept. 5.8. Bohr Model of the Atom. 5.9. Energy Levels and Sublevels. 5.10. Electron Configuration. 5.11. Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
6. The Periodic Table.
6.1. Classification of Elements. 6.2. The Periodic Law Concept. 6.3. Groups and Periods of Elements. 6.4. Periodic Trends. 6.5. Properties of Elements. 6.6. Blocks of Elements. 6.7. Valence Electrons. 6.8. Electron Dot Formulas. 6.9. Ionization Energy. 6.10. Ionic Charges. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 4-6.
7. Language of Chemistry.
7.1. Classification of Compounds. 7.2. Monoatomic Ions. 7.3. Polyatomic Ions. 7.4. Writing Chemical Formulas. 7.5. Binary Ionic Compounds. 7.6. Ternary Ionic Compounds. 7.7. Binary Molecular Compounds. 7.8. Binary Acids. 7.9. Ternary Oxyacids. Summary. Nomenclature Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
8. Chemical Reactions.
8.1. Evidence for Chemical Reactions. 8.2. Writing Chemical Equations. 8.3. Balancing Chemical Equations. 8.4. Classifying Chemical Reactions. 8.5. Combination Reactions. 8.6. Decomposition Reactions. 8.7. The Activity Series Concept. 8.8 Single-Replacement Reactions. 8.9. Solubility Rules. 8.10 Double-Replacement Reactions. 8.11. Neutralization Reactions. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 7-8.
9. The Mole Concept.
9.1. Avogadro's Number. 9.2. Mole Calculations I. 9.3. Molar Mass. 9.4. Mole Calculations II. 9.5. Molar Volume. 9.6. Mole Calculations III. 9.7. Percent Composition. 9.8. Empirical Formula. 9.9. Molecular Formula. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
10. Stoichiometry.
10.1. Interpreting a Chemical Equation. 10.2. Mole-Mole Relationships. 10.3. Types of Stoichiometry Problems. 10.4. Mass-Mass Problems. 10.5. Mass-Volume Problems. 10.6. Volume-Volume Problems. 10.7. The Limiting Reactant Concept. 10.8. Limiting Reactant Problems. 10.9. Percent Yield. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
11. The Gaseous State.
11.1. Properties of Gases. 11.2. Atmospheric Pressure. 11.3. Variables Affecting Gas Pressure. 11.4. Boyle's Law. 11.5. Charles' Law. 11.6. Gay-Lussac's Law. 11.7. Combined Gas Law. 11.8. The Vapor Pressure Concept. 11.9. Dalton's Law. 11.10 Ideal Gas Behavior. 11.11. Ideal Gas Law. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 9-11.
12. Chemical Bonding.
12.1. The Chemical Bond Concept. 12.2. Ionic Bonds. 12.3. Covalent Bonds. 12.4. Electron Dot Formulas of Molecules. 12.5. Electron Dot Formulas of Polyatomic Ions. 12.6. Polar Covalent Bonds. 12.7. Nonpolar Covalent Bonds. 12.8. Coordinate Covalent Bonds. 12.9. Shapes of Molecules. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
13. Liquids and Solids.
13.1. Properties of Liquids. 13.2. The Intermolecular Bond Concept. 13.3. Vapor Pressure, Boiling Point, Viscosity, Surface Tension. 13.4. Properties of Solids. 13.5. Crystalline Solids. 13.6. Changes of Physical State. 13.7. Structure of Water. 13.8. Physical Properties of Water. 13.9. Chemical Properties of Water. 13.10 Hydrates. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
14. Solutions.
14.1. Gases in Solution. 14.2. Liquids in Solution. 14.3. Solids in Solution. 14.4. The Dissolving Process. 14.5. Rate of Dissolving. 14.6. Solubility and Temperature. 14.7. Unsaturated, Saturated, and Supersaturated Solutions. 14.8. Mass Percent Concentration. 14.9. Molar Concentration. 14.10 Dilution of a Solution. 14.11. Solution Stoichiometry. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 12-14.
15. Acids and Bases.
15.1. Properties of Acids and Bases. 15.2. Arrhenius Acids and Bases. 15.3. Br?nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases. 15.4. Acid-Base Indicators. 15.5. Acid-Base Titrations. 15.6. Acid-Base Standardization. 15.7. Ionization of Water. 15.8. The pH Concept. 15.9. Advanced pH Calculations. 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes. 15.11. Net Ionic Equations. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
16. Chemical Equilibrium.
16.1. Collision Theory. 16.2. Energy Profiles of Chemical Reactions. 16.3. The Chemical Equilibrium Concept. 16.4. General Equilibrium Constant, Keq. 16.5. Gaseous State Equilibria Shifts. 16.6. Ionization Equilibrium Constant, Ki. 16.7. Weak Acid-Base Equilibria Shifts. 16.8. Solubility Product Equilibrium Constant, Ksp. 16.9. Solubility Equilibria Shifts. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 15-16.
17. Oxidation and Reduction.
17.1. Oxidation Numbers. 17.2. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. 17.3. Balancing Redox Equations: Oxidation Number Method. 17.4. Balancing Redox Equations: Half-Reaction Method. 17.5. Predicting Spontaneous Redox Reactions. 17.6. Voltaic Cells. 17.7. Electrolytic Cells. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
18. Nuclear Chemistry.
18.1. Natural Radioactivity. 18.2. Nuclear Equations. 18.3. Radioactive Decay Series. 18.4. Radioactive Half-Life. 18.5. Radionuclide Applications. 18.6. Artificial Radioactivity. 18.7. Nuclear Fission. 18.8. Nuclear Fusion. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
19. Organic Chemistry.
19.1. Hydrocarbons. 19.2. Alkanes. 19.3. Alkenes and Alkynes. 19.4. Arenes. 19.5. Hydrocarbon Derivatives. 19.6. Organic Halides. 19.7. Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers. 19.8. Amines. 19.9. Aldehydes and Ketones. 19.10 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
20 Biochemistry.
20.1. Biological Compounds. 20.2. Proteins. 20.3. Enzymes. 20.4. Carbohydrates. 20.5. Lipids. 20.6. Nucleic Acids. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
Appendices.
A. The Scientific Calculator. B. Weights and Measures. C. Physical Constants. D. Activity Series of Metals. E. Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds. F. Vapor Pressure of Water. G. Properties of Water. H. Answers to Key Concept Exercises. I. Answers to Key Term Exercises. J. Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises. Glossary. Photo Credits. Index.
1.1 Evolution of Chemistry. 1.2. Modern Chemistry. 1.3 Learning Chemistry. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
2. Scientific Measurements.
2.1. Uncertainty in Measurements. 2.2. Significant Digits. 2.3. Rounding Off Nonsignificant Digits. 2.4. Adding and Subtracting Measurements. 2.5. Multiplying and Dividing Measurements. 2.6. Exponential Numbers. 2.7. Scientific Notation. 2.8. Unit Equations and Unit Factors. 2.9. Unit Analysis Problem Solving. 2.10. The Percent Concept. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
3. The Metric System.
3.1. Basic Units and Symbols. 3.2. Metric Conversion Factors. 3.3. Metric-Metric Conversions. 3.4. Metric-English Conversions. 3.5. Volume by Calculation. 3.6. Volume by Displacement. 3.7. The Density Concept. 3.8. Temperature. 3.9. Heat and Specific Heat. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 1-3.
4. Matter and Energy.
4.1. Physical States of Matter. 4.2. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures. 4.3. Names and Symbols of the Elements. 4.4. Metals, Nonmetals, and Semimetals. 4.5. Compounds and Chemical Formulas. 4.6. Physical and Chemical Properties. 4.7. Physical and Chemical Changes. 4.8. Conservation of Mass. 4.9. Potential and Kinetic Energy. 4.10. Conservation of Energy. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
5. Models of the Atom.
5.1. Dalton Model of the Atom. 5.2. Thomson Model of the Atom. 5.3. Rutherford Model of the Atom. 5.4. Atomic Notation. 5.5. Atomic Mass. 5.6. The Wave Nature of Light. 5.7. The Quantum Concept. 5.8. Bohr Model of the Atom. 5.9. Energy Levels and Sublevels. 5.10. Electron Configuration. 5.11. Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
6. The Periodic Table.
6.1. Classification of Elements. 6.2. The Periodic Law Concept. 6.3. Groups and Periods of Elements. 6.4. Periodic Trends. 6.5. Properties of Elements. 6.6. Blocks of Elements. 6.7. Valence Electrons. 6.8. Electron Dot Formulas. 6.9. Ionization Energy. 6.10. Ionic Charges. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 4-6.
7. Language of Chemistry.
7.1. Classification of Compounds. 7.2. Monoatomic Ions. 7.3. Polyatomic Ions. 7.4. Writing Chemical Formulas. 7.5. Binary Ionic Compounds. 7.6. Ternary Ionic Compounds. 7.7. Binary Molecular Compounds. 7.8. Binary Acids. 7.9. Ternary Oxyacids. Summary. Nomenclature Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
8. Chemical Reactions.
8.1. Evidence for Chemical Reactions. 8.2. Writing Chemical Equations. 8.3. Balancing Chemical Equations. 8.4. Classifying Chemical Reactions. 8.5. Combination Reactions. 8.6. Decomposition Reactions. 8.7. The Activity Series Concept. 8.8 Single-Replacement Reactions. 8.9. Solubility Rules. 8.10 Double-Replacement Reactions. 8.11. Neutralization Reactions. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 7-8.
9. The Mole Concept.
9.1. Avogadro's Number. 9.2. Mole Calculations I. 9.3. Molar Mass. 9.4. Mole Calculations II. 9.5. Molar Volume. 9.6. Mole Calculations III. 9.7. Percent Composition. 9.8. Empirical Formula. 9.9. Molecular Formula. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
10. Stoichiometry.
10.1. Interpreting a Chemical Equation. 10.2. Mole-Mole Relationships. 10.3. Types of Stoichiometry Problems. 10.4. Mass-Mass Problems. 10.5. Mass-Volume Problems. 10.6. Volume-Volume Problems. 10.7. The Limiting Reactant Concept. 10.8. Limiting Reactant Problems. 10.9. Percent Yield. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
11. The Gaseous State.
11.1. Properties of Gases. 11.2. Atmospheric Pressure. 11.3. Variables Affecting Gas Pressure. 11.4. Boyle's Law. 11.5. Charles' Law. 11.6. Gay-Lussac's Law. 11.7. Combined Gas Law. 11.8. The Vapor Pressure Concept. 11.9. Dalton's Law. 11.10 Ideal Gas Behavior. 11.11. Ideal Gas Law. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 9-11.
12. Chemical Bonding.
12.1. The Chemical Bond Concept. 12.2. Ionic Bonds. 12.3. Covalent Bonds. 12.4. Electron Dot Formulas of Molecules. 12.5. Electron Dot Formulas of Polyatomic Ions. 12.6. Polar Covalent Bonds. 12.7. Nonpolar Covalent Bonds. 12.8. Coordinate Covalent Bonds. 12.9. Shapes of Molecules. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
13. Liquids and Solids.
13.1. Properties of Liquids. 13.2. The Intermolecular Bond Concept. 13.3. Vapor Pressure, Boiling Point, Viscosity, Surface Tension. 13.4. Properties of Solids. 13.5. Crystalline Solids. 13.6. Changes of Physical State. 13.7. Structure of Water. 13.8. Physical Properties of Water. 13.9. Chemical Properties of Water. 13.10 Hydrates. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
14. Solutions.
14.1. Gases in Solution. 14.2. Liquids in Solution. 14.3. Solids in Solution. 14.4. The Dissolving Process. 14.5. Rate of Dissolving. 14.6. Solubility and Temperature. 14.7. Unsaturated, Saturated, and Supersaturated Solutions. 14.8. Mass Percent Concentration. 14.9. Molar Concentration. 14.10 Dilution of a Solution. 14.11. Solution Stoichiometry. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 12-14.
15. Acids and Bases.
15.1. Properties of Acids and Bases. 15.2. Arrhenius Acids and Bases. 15.3. Br?nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases. 15.4. Acid-Base Indicators. 15.5. Acid-Base Titrations. 15.6. Acid-Base Standardization. 15.7. Ionization of Water. 15.8. The pH Concept. 15.9. Advanced pH Calculations. 15.10 Strong and Weak Electrolytes. 15.11. Net Ionic Equations. Summary. Problem Solving Organizer. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
16. Chemical Equilibrium.
16.1. Collision Theory. 16.2. Energy Profiles of Chemical Reactions. 16.3. The Chemical Equilibrium Concept. 16.4. General Equilibrium Constant, Keq. 16.5. Gaseous State Equilibria Shifts. 16.6. Ionization Equilibrium Constant, Ki. 16.7. Weak Acid-Base Equilibria Shifts. 16.8. Solubility Product Equilibrium Constant, Ksp. 16.9. Solubility Equilibria Shifts. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises. Cumulative Review: Chapters 15-16.
17. Oxidation and Reduction.
17.1. Oxidation Numbers. 17.2. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. 17.3. Balancing Redox Equations: Oxidation Number Method. 17.4. Balancing Redox Equations: Half-Reaction Method. 17.5. Predicting Spontaneous Redox Reactions. 17.6. Voltaic Cells. 17.7. Electrolytic Cells. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
18. Nuclear Chemistry.
18.1. Natural Radioactivity. 18.2. Nuclear Equations. 18.3. Radioactive Decay Series. 18.4. Radioactive Half-Life. 18.5. Radionuclide Applications. 18.6. Artificial Radioactivity. 18.7. Nuclear Fission. 18.8. Nuclear Fusion. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
19. Organic Chemistry.
19.1. Hydrocarbons. 19.2. Alkanes. 19.3. Alkenes and Alkynes. 19.4. Arenes. 19.5. Hydrocarbon Derivatives. 19.6. Organic Halides. 19.7. Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers. 19.8. Amines. 19.9. Aldehydes and Ketones. 19.10 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
20 Biochemistry.
20.1. Biological Compounds. 20.2. Proteins. 20.3. Enzymes. 20.4. Carbohydrates. 20.5. Lipids. 20.6. Nucleic Acids. Summary. Key Concepts. Key Terms. Exercises.
Appendices.
A. The Scientific Calculator. B. Weights and Measures. C. Physical Constants. D. Activity Series of Metals. E. Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds. F. Vapor Pressure of Water. G. Properties of Water. H. Answers to Key Concept Exercises. I. Answers to Key Term Exercises. J. Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises. Glossary. Photo Credits. Index.