Environmentally Compatible Food Packaging

PART 1 BIOBASED FOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS: NEW DIRECTIONS


State-of-The-Art Biobased Food Packaging Materials
G Robertson, University of Queensland, Australia
- Introduction: biobased packaging, the food industry and the environment
- Classification of biobased food packaging materials
- Properties of biobased food packaging materials
- Assessing the biodegradability of biobased materials for food packaging
- Applications and challenges for biobased food packaging
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Types, Production and Assessment of Biobased Food Packaging Materials
S Imam, G Glenn, B-S Chiou, J Shey, R Narayan and W Orts, USDA-ARS-PW-WRRC, USA
- Introduction: rationale and need for biobased food packaging
- The environmental impact of conventional food packaging
- Opportunity for renewable polymers
- Production of biobased food packaging materials
- Hybrid blends and composites
- New developments in the production of packaging from recycled lignocellulosic fiber and renewable materials
- Assessing the biodegradability of renewable materials in food packaging
- Biodegradable packaging life-cycle assessment (LCA)
- Food safety concerns: applications and adoption by the industry
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Thermoplastic Nanobiocomposites for Rigid and Flexible Food Packaging Applications
J Lagaron, E Gimenez and M Sanchez-Garcia, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spain
- Introduction: plastic food packaging, sustainable materials and barrier properties
- "Barrier properties" limit the use of plastics in monolayer packaging
- Novel developments in barrier polymeric structures
- Polymer blends: the case of permeable fillers
- Nanocomposites: the case of impermeable fillers
- Nanobiocomposites for monolayer packaging: polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactones (PCL), polyhydroxialcanoates (PHA) and starch
- Future trends and outlook
- Nomenclature
- References


Improved Fibre-Based Packaging for Food Applications
J Poustis, JPC Packaging Institute, France
- Introduction
- Properties and uses of fibre-based food packaging
- Innovative methods to improve fibre-based packaging for food applications
- Suitability of new fibre-based packaging materials for food packaging
- Assessing the biodegradability of new fibre-based packaging materials for food packaging
- Applications and future trends in the food industry
- References


Starch-Based Edible Films
Y Zhang, Z Liu and J Han, University of Manitoba, Canada
- General properties and structure of starch
- History of edible films
- Edible film materials and their previous applications
- Starch film-forming mechanisms - gelatinization and recrystallization
- Appearance and physical properties of starch films
- Plasticization of starch films
- Trends in starch research and applications
- References


The Use of Chitin and Chitosan for Food Packaging Applications
I Arvanitoyannis, University of Thessaly, Greece
- Introduction
- Mechanical properties
- Thermal properties
- Gas permeability
- Water permeability
- Conclusions
- References


PART 2 USING ENVIRONMENTALLY-COMPATIBLE PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY


Consumer Attitude to Food Packaging and the Market for Environmentally Compatible Products
I Arvanitoyannis and A Kasaveti, University of Thessaly, Greece
- Introduction
- Packaging materials
- "Green" packaging
- Disposal of packaging materials
- Recycling of packaging materials
- New packaging technologies
- Food packaging regulation in the European Union
- The study of consumer behaviour
- Conclusions
- References


Environmental Assessment of Food Packaging and Advanced Methods for Choosing the Correct Materials
K Verghese, RMIT University, Australia
- Introduction
- Modern day lifestyle conflicts and demands from the retail sector
- Recognition of environmental impacts of packaging in the food industry
- Environmental assessment of food packaging systems
- Environmental assessment tools for food packaging systems
- Sustainable packaging developments
- Implementing environmental assessment approaches into your product-packaging system development process
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Measuring the Environmental Performance of Food Packaging: Life Cycle Assessment
G Parker, Ciba Expert Services, UK
- Introduction
- Environmental performance of biopolymers
- Measuring environmental impacts: the science of life cycle assessment
- Results of existing life cycle assessment studies of biopolymers
- Measuring the environmental performance of packaging: future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Eco-Design of Food Packaging Materials
H Lewis, RMIT University, Australia
- Introduction
- Key drivers of eco-design of food packaging materials
- Eco-design strategies for food packaging materials
- Future trends
- Conclusions
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Additives for Environmentally Compatible Active Food Packaging
S Irmak and O Erbatur, Cukurova University, Turkey
- Introduction
- Antimicrobial/antioxidant agents incorporated into polymers
- Chemical preservatives
- Peptides and proteins
- Polysaccharides
- Natural antimicrobial/antioxidant compounds from plant sources
- Extraction and fractionation techniques of antimicrobial/antioxidant compounds from plant sources
- Antimicrobial and antioxidant tests
- Suitability of new coatings and adhesives for food packaging
- Incorporation of antimicrobials/antioxidants into polymer materials
- Applications in food industry
- Future trends
- References


Recycling of Food Packaging Materials: An Overview
D Dainelli, Sealed Air Corporation, Italy and EuPC (European Plastics Converters Association), Belgium
- Introduction
- Regulation of recycling of food packaging materials
- Recycling paper food packaging: collection, separation and processing
- Recycling plastic food packaging: collection, separation and recovery
- Recycling of other materials
- Supply chain management to reduce packaging waste
- Conclusions
- References


Recycled Plastics For Food Applications: Improving Safety and Quality
V Komolprasert and A Bailey, Food and Drug Administration, USA
- Introduction
- Plastic food packaging and the environment
- The recyclability of packaging plastics
- Recycling processes
- Improving the recyclability of plastic packaging for food use
- The safety and quality of recycled plastics
- The use of recycled plastics in the food industry
- Future trends
- References


Recycled Paper and Board for Food Applications: Improving Safety and Quality
C Nerin, University of Zaragoza, Spain
- Introduction
- The recyclability of paper and board
- Improving the recyclability of paper and board packaging
- Testing the safety and quality of recycled paper and board
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


PART 3 ENVIRONMENTALLY-COMPATIBLE FOOD PACKAGING FOR PARTICULAR APPLICATIONS


Overview of Environmentally Compatible Polymeric Materials for Food Packaging
E Chiellini, A Barghini, P Cinelli and V I Ilieva, University of Pisa, Italy
- Introduction
- Polymers from renewable resources
- Multilayer packaging films
- Technology for biobased polymer processing
- Economic issues regarding biodegradable polymers
- Conclusions
- Sources of further information and advice
- Reference


Modified Atmosphere Packaging using Environmentally Compatible and Active Food Packaging Materials
C Guillaume, P Chalier and N Gontard, University of Montpellier II, France
- Introduction
- Modified atmosphere packaging of fruit and vegetables: using proteins to control gas transport phenomena through paper-based materials
- Antimicrobial modified atmosphere packaging: antimicrobial properties of aroma compounds and their controlled release using the paper coating agent as an inclusion matrix
- Future trends
- References


Active Environmentally Compatible Food Packaging
R Catala, P Hernandez-Munoz and R Gavara, IATA-CSIC, Spain
- Introduction
- Basic characteristics of active packaging
- Biopolymer-based active materials for food packaging
- Future trends
- References


Biobased Intelligent Food Packaging
P Taoukis, National Technical University of Athens, Greece and M Smolander, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland
- Introduction
- Biobased tools for the detection of quality-indicating metabolites
- Biobased tools for the detection of pathogenic and microbial contamination
- Biobased indicators for monitoring the time-temperature history
- Other intelligent packaging systems utilising biomolecules
- Future trends
- References


Environmentally Compatible Packaging of Fresh Agricultural and Horticultural Produce
C Bishop and S Hanney, Writtle College, UK
- Introduction
- Specific challenges for fresh produce packaging
- Industry response
- Storage of packaging material
- Supply chain
- Reducing the environmental impact of secondary packaging - returnable plastic crates
- Conclusions
- References


Biobased Packaging of Dairy Products
M Jakobsen, University of Copenhagen, V K Holm, Danish Technological Institute, G Mortensen, Danish Dairy Board, Denmark
- Introduction
- Required properties in relation to dairy products
- Current applications of biopackaging of dairy products
- Future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References


Environmentally Friendly Packaging of Muscle Foods
P Dawson, K Cooksey and S Mangalassary, Clemson University, USA
- Introduction
- Types of meat packaging
- Source reduction
- Recyclable material
- Bio-based materials
- References


Legislation and Certification Of Environmentally Compatible Packaging in The European Union
C Enguix, A Imbernon and J Ferrer, AINIA - Instituto Tecnologico Agroalimentario, Spain
- Introduction
- Packaging waste legislation
- Biodegradable waste
- Legislation on materials and articles intended to come into contact with food
- Future trends for the legislation of materials and articles intended to come into contact with food
- References