Common Information Models for an Open, Analytical, and Agile World
Published on 21. May 2015
Book
Hardback
240 pages
978-0-13-336615-0 (ISBN)
Description
Maximize the Value of Your Information Throughout Even the Most Complex IT Project
Foreword by Tim Vincent, IBM Fellow and Vice President, CTO for IBM Analytics Group
To drive maximum value from complex IT projects, IT professionals need a deep understanding of the information their projects will use. Too often, however, IT treats information as an afterthought: the "poor stepchild" behind applications and infrastructure. That needs to change. This book will help you change it.
Five senior IBM architects show you how to use information-centric views to give data a central role in project design and delivery. Using Common Information Models (CIM), you learn how to standardize the way you represent information, making it easier to design, deploy, and evolve even the most complex systems.
Using a complete case study, the authors explain what CIMs are, how to build them, and how to maintain them. You learn how to clarify the structure, meaning, and intent of any information you may exchange, and then use your CIM to improve integration, collaboration, and agility.
In today's mobile, cloud, and analytics environments, your information is more valuable than ever. To build systems that make the most of it, start right here.
Coverage Includes
* Mastering best practices for building and maintaining a CIM
* Understanding CIM components and artifacts: scope, perspectives, and depth of detail
* Choosing the right patterns for structuring your CIM
* Integrating a CIM into broader governance
* Using tools to manage your CIM more effectively
* Recognizing the importance of non-functional characteristics, such as availability, performance, and security, in system design
* Growing CIM value by expanding their scope and usage
* Previewing the future of CIMs
Foreword by Tim Vincent, IBM Fellow and Vice President, CTO for IBM Analytics Group
To drive maximum value from complex IT projects, IT professionals need a deep understanding of the information their projects will use. Too often, however, IT treats information as an afterthought: the "poor stepchild" behind applications and infrastructure. That needs to change. This book will help you change it.
Five senior IBM architects show you how to use information-centric views to give data a central role in project design and delivery. Using Common Information Models (CIM), you learn how to standardize the way you represent information, making it easier to design, deploy, and evolve even the most complex systems.
Using a complete case study, the authors explain what CIMs are, how to build them, and how to maintain them. You learn how to clarify the structure, meaning, and intent of any information you may exchange, and then use your CIM to improve integration, collaboration, and agility.
In today's mobile, cloud, and analytics environments, your information is more valuable than ever. To build systems that make the most of it, start right here.
Coverage Includes
* Mastering best practices for building and maintaining a CIM
* Understanding CIM components and artifacts: scope, perspectives, and depth of detail
* Choosing the right patterns for structuring your CIM
* Integrating a CIM into broader governance
* Using tools to manage your CIM more effectively
* Recognizing the importance of non-functional characteristics, such as availability, performance, and security, in system design
* Growing CIM value by expanding their scope and usage
* Previewing the future of CIMs
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Additional editions
Mandy Chessell | Gandhi Sivakumar | Dan Wolfson
Common Information Models for an Open, Analytical, and Agile World
E-Book
04/2015
1st Edition
IBM Press
€26.49
Available for download
Mandy Chessell | Gandhi Sivakumar | Dan Wolfson
Common Information Models for an Open, Analytical, and Agile World
E-Book
04/2015
1st Edition
IBM Press
from
€23.99
Available for download
Persons
Mandy Chessell, CBE FREng CEng FBCS, is an IBM Distinguished Engineer, Master Inventor, and member of the IBM Academy of Technology. Her current role is the Chief Architect for Information Solutions in the IBM Analytics Group CTO office. She leads the design of common information management patterns for different industries and solutions. This includes the Data Reservoir, Next Best Action solution, and the strategy for information governance.
In earlier roles, Mandy led the development of new features for the CICS, Encina, TxSeries, WebSphere, and InfoSphere products. She has more than 50 issued patents worldwide in the fields of transaction processing, event management, business process management, and model-driven development.
Outside of IBM, Mandy is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a visiting professor at the University of Sheffield, UK. In 2001, she was the first woman to be awarded a Silver Medal by the Royal Academy of Engineering, and in 2000, she was one of the "TR100" young innovators identified by MIT's Technology Review magazine. Mandy also has been granted an honorary fellowship of the Institution for Engineering Designers (IED) and an honorary doctorate of science by the University of Plymouth.
Mandy's recent publications include Patterns of Information Management (IBM Press); Governing and Managing Big Data for Analytics and Decision Makers (IBM Redbooks); and Smarter Analytics series (IBM Redbooks).
For more information, see Mandy's LinkedIn and Wikipedia pages.
Gandhi Sivakumar is an IBM Senior Certified Architect and service-oriented architecture (SOA) solution designer. Gandhi possesses 23 years of experience in the industry and has demonstrated technical leadership in large and complex programs of IBM including Telecom, Transport, Banking, and Human Services industries. Gandhi has been a technical champion in leading solution, integration, information, and infrastructure architectures across complex programs.
IBM honored Gandhi as Master Inventor for her innovations in addition to multiple Outstanding Technical Achievement Client Awards for the impact she created in client engagements. Gandhi has filed more than 70 patent applications spanning networks, infrastructure, data, integration, and others with IBM, and she holds a number of honorary roles within and outside IBM. Gandhi has published a number of papers and articles in IEEE and developerWorks. Gandhi served as a board member of the Australian Computer Society and has been portrayed as one of the leading technical women in IBM.
Dan Wolfson is an IBM Distinguished Engineer and the chief architect/CTO for the InfoSphere segment of the IBM Analytics Group. He is responsible for architecture and technical leadership across the rapidly growing areas of information integration and quality for big data including information quality tools, information integration, master data management (MDM), and metadata management. Dan is also Chief Architect for Hybrid Cloud Integration, working closely with peers throughout IBM.
Dan has more than 30 years of experience in research and commercially distributed computing, covering a broad range of topics including transaction and object-oriented systems, software fault tolerance, messaging, information integration, business integration, metadata management, and database systems. He has written numerous papers and blogs, and is the co-author of Enterprise Master Data Management: An SOA Approach to Managing Core Business Information and Beyond Big Data: Using Social MDM to Drive Deep Customer Insight. Dan is a member of the IBM Academy of Technology and an IBM Master Inventor. In 2010, the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) recognized Dan as an ACM Distinguished Engineer.
Kerard Hogg is an Executive IT Architect at IBM. He has more than 30 years of experience in information technology, primarily as an IT architect. Kerard has provided technical leadership and governance on many large and complex IT projects, primarily in the telecommunication industry. Many of these engagements have used a common information model as a basis for complex systems integration solutions.
IBM has awarded Kerard a Global Excellence Award for outstanding achievement as an IT architect. Kerard has presented on service-oriented architecture outside IBM including the Australian Computer Society and ACM Research Conference.
Ray Harishankar is an IBM Fellow and Vice President of Technology & Innovation within IBM Global Business Services. Ray defines and operationalizes strategies for IBM to have a strong portfolio of solutions and assets, and assists clients in adopting and benefiting from these assets. Ray collaborates with IBM Research to identify opportunities for development of innovative capabilities that drive value to our clients.
Ray is an industry expert on systems of engagement that include mobile, analytics, social, and cloud computing technologies. Ray is actively engaged with customers across multiple industries and with a focus on banking, insurance, retail, and Smarter Cities. Ray is on the technology advisory council for selected customers and universities and provides guidance to them on business-related technology decisions. Ray is currently a member of the Strategy Council for the College of Engineering at The Ohio State University.
Ray has been with IBM since 1999. He was nominated as a Distinguished Engineer in 2003 and as an IBM Fellow in May 2006. Appointment to IBM Fellow is the highest honor that an employee can receive for technical innovation. In 2009 Ray was named an Asian American Engineer of the Year. In October 2013, Ray was honored with a Distinguished Alumnus award by The Ohio State University College of Engineering. Ray holds seven patents and has filed several more. Ray holds a master's degree in computer science from The Ohio State University. Ray can be reached at harishan@us.ibm.com.
In earlier roles, Mandy led the development of new features for the CICS, Encina, TxSeries, WebSphere, and InfoSphere products. She has more than 50 issued patents worldwide in the fields of transaction processing, event management, business process management, and model-driven development.
Outside of IBM, Mandy is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a visiting professor at the University of Sheffield, UK. In 2001, she was the first woman to be awarded a Silver Medal by the Royal Academy of Engineering, and in 2000, she was one of the "TR100" young innovators identified by MIT's Technology Review magazine. Mandy also has been granted an honorary fellowship of the Institution for Engineering Designers (IED) and an honorary doctorate of science by the University of Plymouth.
Mandy's recent publications include Patterns of Information Management (IBM Press); Governing and Managing Big Data for Analytics and Decision Makers (IBM Redbooks); and Smarter Analytics series (IBM Redbooks).
For more information, see Mandy's LinkedIn and Wikipedia pages.
Gandhi Sivakumar is an IBM Senior Certified Architect and service-oriented architecture (SOA) solution designer. Gandhi possesses 23 years of experience in the industry and has demonstrated technical leadership in large and complex programs of IBM including Telecom, Transport, Banking, and Human Services industries. Gandhi has been a technical champion in leading solution, integration, information, and infrastructure architectures across complex programs.
IBM honored Gandhi as Master Inventor for her innovations in addition to multiple Outstanding Technical Achievement Client Awards for the impact she created in client engagements. Gandhi has filed more than 70 patent applications spanning networks, infrastructure, data, integration, and others with IBM, and she holds a number of honorary roles within and outside IBM. Gandhi has published a number of papers and articles in IEEE and developerWorks. Gandhi served as a board member of the Australian Computer Society and has been portrayed as one of the leading technical women in IBM.
Dan Wolfson is an IBM Distinguished Engineer and the chief architect/CTO for the InfoSphere segment of the IBM Analytics Group. He is responsible for architecture and technical leadership across the rapidly growing areas of information integration and quality for big data including information quality tools, information integration, master data management (MDM), and metadata management. Dan is also Chief Architect for Hybrid Cloud Integration, working closely with peers throughout IBM.
Dan has more than 30 years of experience in research and commercially distributed computing, covering a broad range of topics including transaction and object-oriented systems, software fault tolerance, messaging, information integration, business integration, metadata management, and database systems. He has written numerous papers and blogs, and is the co-author of Enterprise Master Data Management: An SOA Approach to Managing Core Business Information and Beyond Big Data: Using Social MDM to Drive Deep Customer Insight. Dan is a member of the IBM Academy of Technology and an IBM Master Inventor. In 2010, the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) recognized Dan as an ACM Distinguished Engineer.
Kerard Hogg is an Executive IT Architect at IBM. He has more than 30 years of experience in information technology, primarily as an IT architect. Kerard has provided technical leadership and governance on many large and complex IT projects, primarily in the telecommunication industry. Many of these engagements have used a common information model as a basis for complex systems integration solutions.
IBM has awarded Kerard a Global Excellence Award for outstanding achievement as an IT architect. Kerard has presented on service-oriented architecture outside IBM including the Australian Computer Society and ACM Research Conference.
Ray Harishankar is an IBM Fellow and Vice President of Technology & Innovation within IBM Global Business Services. Ray defines and operationalizes strategies for IBM to have a strong portfolio of solutions and assets, and assists clients in adopting and benefiting from these assets. Ray collaborates with IBM Research to identify opportunities for development of innovative capabilities that drive value to our clients.
Ray is an industry expert on systems of engagement that include mobile, analytics, social, and cloud computing technologies. Ray is actively engaged with customers across multiple industries and with a focus on banking, insurance, retail, and Smarter Cities. Ray is on the technology advisory council for selected customers and universities and provides guidance to them on business-related technology decisions. Ray is currently a member of the Strategy Council for the College of Engineering at The Ohio State University.
Ray has been with IBM since 1999. He was nominated as a Distinguished Engineer in 2003 and as an IBM Fellow in May 2006. Appointment to IBM Fellow is the highest honor that an employee can receive for technical innovation. In 2009 Ray was named an Asian American Engineer of the Year. In October 2013, Ray was honored with a Distinguished Alumnus award by The Ohio State University College of Engineering. Ray holds seven patents and has filed several more. Ray holds a master's degree in computer science from The Ohio State University. Ray can be reached at harishan@us.ibm.com.
Content
Foreword by Tim Vincent xix
Preface xx
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
The Agile and Open World 1
GKDMR Travel 3
Adding Mobile Applications to the Enterprise 4
Social Computing 8
Insight Applications 9
Using Cloud Platforms 10
Security of Data 12
Summary 13
Chapter 2 Inside the Common Information Model 15
Introduction 15
Scope 16
Perspectives 17
Information Supply Chains 19
Model Types 20
Depth of Detail 22
A Comprehensive Common Information Model 23
Developing a Strategy 26
Summary 29
Chapter 3 Structural Patterns for the Common Information Model 31
Introduction 31
Common Information Model 33
Context 33
Problem 33
Example 34
Forces 34
Solution 35
Consequences 36
Example Resolved 37
Known Uses 38
Related Patterns 38
Concept Beads 39
Context 39
Problem 39
Example 39
Forces 40
Solution 40
Consequences 42
Example Resolved 43
Known Uses 45
Related Patterns 45
Continuous Fabric 45
Context 45
Problem 45
Example 46
Forces 46
Solution 46
Consequences 47
Example Resolved 48
Known Uses 48
Related Patterns 50
Encapsulated Views 50
Context 50
Problem 50
Example 51
Forces 51
Solution 51
Consequences 52
Example Resolved 54
Known Uses 54
Related Patterns 54
Unifying Context 54
Context 54
Problem 55
Example 55
Forces 55
Solution 55
Consequences 56
Example Resolved 57
Known Uses 58
Related Patterns 58
Combining the Patterns 58
Summary 59
Chapter 4 Modeling Best Practices 61
What Should Be in a Model? 61
Deciding on the Scope of a Model 62
Adopting Existing Models 63
Basic Modeling Skills 64
Leveling the Content 64
Standardizing Basic Types 65
Dealing with Variation 66
Dependent and Independent Behaviors 68
When to Use Inheritance 68
The Role Pattern 69
Designing for Consistency 70
Designing for Reuse 71
Designing for Extensibility 71
Linking Subject Areas 73
Tips for Modeling Interfaces 73
Specialized Definitions of the Same Concept 73
Context of a Request 75
Versioning of Interfaces 75
Tips on Modeling for a Repository 75
Removing Duplication-How Far Do You Go? 76
Storing Historical Information 77
Effectivity Dating 77
Modeling Unstructured Data 78
Physical Implementation Details 78
Summary 78
Chapter 5 Governance 81
Introduction 81
Governance Definitions 83
Governance Principles 84
Governance Policies 84
Governance Classification Schemes 85
Governance Standards 86
Governance Rules, Guidelines, and Patterns 87
Governance Process Definitions 87
Governance Metrics 87
Managing Change 87
Lifecycles of Governance 88
Governance Leadership 90
Governance Processes 92
Governance Roles 93
Everyday Decision Making 94
Measurement and Audit 96
Summary 96
Chapter 6 Moving Beyond the Hammer 99
Structuring and Maintaining Models 99
Configuration Management 100
Top-Down Configuration Management 102
Bottom-Up Configuration Management 102
Combining Approaches 103
Consuming Models and Related Artifacts 104
Managing Information Values 110
Quality Management 111
Reference Data Management 112
Summary 112
Chapter 7 System Characteristics 113
Introduction 113
Non-Functional Characteristics 114
Reviewing GKDMR Travel 116
Systems of Record 118
SoR Non-Functional Characteristics 119
CIM Implications for Systems of Record 120
Systems of Engagement 122
SoE Non-Functional Characteristics 123
CIM Implications for Systems of Engagement 124
Systems of Insight 126
SoI Non-Functional Characteristics 129
CIM Implications for Systems of Insight 131
Integration 132
Integration Requirements 134
CIM Implications for Integration 135
Summary 136
Chapter 8 Building Business Value 137
Complex Organizations 137
Points of View at GKDMR Travel 138
Adoption Maturity Model 140
Repeatable Adoption Level 141
Defined Adoption Level 141
Managed Adoption Level 143
Investing in the Common Information Model 145
Optimizing Adoption Level 146
APIs from Business Partners 149
Unstructured Data Feeds 150
Summary 151
Chapter 9 Real-World Deployment Study 153
The Background and the Industry 153
Project Hydra 154
The Common Information Model 157
Refining the TMF-SID into Services 158
Carving Up the TMF-SID 160
Validating Consistency 162
Extending the TMF-SID objects 162
Pruning the Service Structures 163
Implementing the Integration Layer 163
Tools and Governance 164
Results 165
Chapter 10 Looking Forward 167
Where We Have Come From 167
Common Information Models Today 168
Thoughts for the Future 169
Concluding Remarks from the Authors 170
Appendix A Industry Standards 171
Telecommunications Models 171
Finance Models 172
Utilities Industry 172
Appendix B Non-Functional Behavior 173
Reliability and Availability 173
Performance Efficiency: Time Behavior Requirement 175
Performance Efficiency: Resource Utilization, Capacity Requirement 176
Compatibility Requirement 177
Maintainability Requirement 177
Security Requirement 178
Summary 179
Further Reading 181
Glossary 183
Index 195
Preface xx
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
The Agile and Open World 1
GKDMR Travel 3
Adding Mobile Applications to the Enterprise 4
Social Computing 8
Insight Applications 9
Using Cloud Platforms 10
Security of Data 12
Summary 13
Chapter 2 Inside the Common Information Model 15
Introduction 15
Scope 16
Perspectives 17
Information Supply Chains 19
Model Types 20
Depth of Detail 22
A Comprehensive Common Information Model 23
Developing a Strategy 26
Summary 29
Chapter 3 Structural Patterns for the Common Information Model 31
Introduction 31
Common Information Model 33
Context 33
Problem 33
Example 34
Forces 34
Solution 35
Consequences 36
Example Resolved 37
Known Uses 38
Related Patterns 38
Concept Beads 39
Context 39
Problem 39
Example 39
Forces 40
Solution 40
Consequences 42
Example Resolved 43
Known Uses 45
Related Patterns 45
Continuous Fabric 45
Context 45
Problem 45
Example 46
Forces 46
Solution 46
Consequences 47
Example Resolved 48
Known Uses 48
Related Patterns 50
Encapsulated Views 50
Context 50
Problem 50
Example 51
Forces 51
Solution 51
Consequences 52
Example Resolved 54
Known Uses 54
Related Patterns 54
Unifying Context 54
Context 54
Problem 55
Example 55
Forces 55
Solution 55
Consequences 56
Example Resolved 57
Known Uses 58
Related Patterns 58
Combining the Patterns 58
Summary 59
Chapter 4 Modeling Best Practices 61
What Should Be in a Model? 61
Deciding on the Scope of a Model 62
Adopting Existing Models 63
Basic Modeling Skills 64
Leveling the Content 64
Standardizing Basic Types 65
Dealing with Variation 66
Dependent and Independent Behaviors 68
When to Use Inheritance 68
The Role Pattern 69
Designing for Consistency 70
Designing for Reuse 71
Designing for Extensibility 71
Linking Subject Areas 73
Tips for Modeling Interfaces 73
Specialized Definitions of the Same Concept 73
Context of a Request 75
Versioning of Interfaces 75
Tips on Modeling for a Repository 75
Removing Duplication-How Far Do You Go? 76
Storing Historical Information 77
Effectivity Dating 77
Modeling Unstructured Data 78
Physical Implementation Details 78
Summary 78
Chapter 5 Governance 81
Introduction 81
Governance Definitions 83
Governance Principles 84
Governance Policies 84
Governance Classification Schemes 85
Governance Standards 86
Governance Rules, Guidelines, and Patterns 87
Governance Process Definitions 87
Governance Metrics 87
Managing Change 87
Lifecycles of Governance 88
Governance Leadership 90
Governance Processes 92
Governance Roles 93
Everyday Decision Making 94
Measurement and Audit 96
Summary 96
Chapter 6 Moving Beyond the Hammer 99
Structuring and Maintaining Models 99
Configuration Management 100
Top-Down Configuration Management 102
Bottom-Up Configuration Management 102
Combining Approaches 103
Consuming Models and Related Artifacts 104
Managing Information Values 110
Quality Management 111
Reference Data Management 112
Summary 112
Chapter 7 System Characteristics 113
Introduction 113
Non-Functional Characteristics 114
Reviewing GKDMR Travel 116
Systems of Record 118
SoR Non-Functional Characteristics 119
CIM Implications for Systems of Record 120
Systems of Engagement 122
SoE Non-Functional Characteristics 123
CIM Implications for Systems of Engagement 124
Systems of Insight 126
SoI Non-Functional Characteristics 129
CIM Implications for Systems of Insight 131
Integration 132
Integration Requirements 134
CIM Implications for Integration 135
Summary 136
Chapter 8 Building Business Value 137
Complex Organizations 137
Points of View at GKDMR Travel 138
Adoption Maturity Model 140
Repeatable Adoption Level 141
Defined Adoption Level 141
Managed Adoption Level 143
Investing in the Common Information Model 145
Optimizing Adoption Level 146
APIs from Business Partners 149
Unstructured Data Feeds 150
Summary 151
Chapter 9 Real-World Deployment Study 153
The Background and the Industry 153
Project Hydra 154
The Common Information Model 157
Refining the TMF-SID into Services 158
Carving Up the TMF-SID 160
Validating Consistency 162
Extending the TMF-SID objects 162
Pruning the Service Structures 163
Implementing the Integration Layer 163
Tools and Governance 164
Results 165
Chapter 10 Looking Forward 167
Where We Have Come From 167
Common Information Models Today 168
Thoughts for the Future 169
Concluding Remarks from the Authors 170
Appendix A Industry Standards 171
Telecommunications Models 171
Finance Models 172
Utilities Industry 172
Appendix B Non-Functional Behavior 173
Reliability and Availability 173
Performance Efficiency: Time Behavior Requirement 175
Performance Efficiency: Resource Utilization, Capacity Requirement 176
Compatibility Requirement 177
Maintainability Requirement 177
Security Requirement 178
Summary 179
Further Reading 181
Glossary 183
Index 195