Engineering Graphics

IntroductionDrawing Instruments: Introduction. Regular Instruments. Drawing Board. T-square. Set-Square. Compass. Dividers. Inking Pen. Scale. Protractor. French Curves. Drawing Paper. Drawing Pencils. Rubber Eraser. Drafting Machine. Precautions in the Use of Instruments. Lettering and Dimensioning: Introduction. Styles of Lettering. Single Stroke Letters. Guidelines for Good Lettering. Dimensioning. Important Points.Geometrical Constructions, Conic Sections and Curves: Introduction. Construction Involving Lines and Angles. Construction of Circles and Arcs. Construction of Plane Figures. Tangents. Conic Sections. Ellipse. Parabola. Hyperbola. Cycloid.Scales: Introduction. Representative Fraction. Types of Scales. Plain Scale. Diagonal Scale. The Scale of Chords.Theory of Projections: Introduction. Types of Projections. Reference Planes. Dihedral Angles or Quandrants. Conventions Employed.Projections of Points and Auxiliary Planes: Introduction. Positions of Points in Space. Important Rules. Auxiliary Planes. Need for Auxiliary Planes. Projection of Points on the Inclined Planes (IP). Projection of Points on the Auxiliary Vertical Planes (AVP). Important Rules.Projections of Lines: Introduction. Important Definitions. Positions of Lines in Space. Vertical and Horizontal Distances Between Two Ends of a Line. Important Rules. Shortest Distance Between a Point and a Line. Distance Between Two Parallel Lines. Shortest Distance and Angle Between Two Skew Lines.Oblique Planes: Introduction. Important Definitions. Oblique Planes. Angle Between Two Planes: Dihedral Angle. Determination of Inclinations of an Oblique Plane with the Reference Planes. To Convert an Oblique Plane into Auxiliary Planes. Horizontal and Vertical Parallels. Shortest Distance of a Point from a Plane. Points and Lines Lying in Oblique Plane. Lines at Given Inclination to One of the Reference Planes and Lying in a Given Oblique Plane. Angle Between a Line and a Plane. Angle Between Two Oblique Planes (Dihedral Angle). Shortest Distance Between Two Parallel Planes. Important Rules.Projection of 2-Dimentional Objects (Plane Figures): Introduction. To Put a Point on a Given Plane. To Put a Plane Figure at a Given Inclination with the Reference Planes (with no other conditions). To Put a Plane Figure at Given Inclination with the Reference Planes When One of its Edges or a Line Contained in the Plane Figure Makes Given Angle with One of the References Planes. Line Contained on a Plane Figure Inclined to HP and VP Both. Plane Figure Inclined to One of the Reference Plans and a Line Contained in it Inclined to Both the Reference Planes. Two Intersecting Lines Contained in a Plane Figure Inclined to VP. Important Rules. True Shape of a Plane Figure. Shortest Distance of a Point from a Plane Figure. Angle Between Two Plane Figures.Projection of 3-Dimensional Objects (Solids): Introduction. Classification of Solids. Important Points for Drawing the Projections of Solids. To Draw the Projections of Solids in Simple Positions. Axis of the Solid Inclined to the Reference Planes. Base of the Solid Inclined to Reference Plane(s). Slant of Vertical Face of Solid Inclined to the Reference Plane(s). Base or a Face of Solid Inclined to the Reference Plane(s) and One Edge or Line Contained in the Base or Face is also Inclined to the Reference Plane(s). Two Adjacent Edges of the Base/Face Inclined to Reference Planes.Sections of Solids: Introduction. Types of Section Planes. Solid Cut by a Plane Parallel to One of the Reference Planes. Solid Cut by a Plane Inclined to One of the Reference Planes. Solid Cut by an Oblique Plane.Development of Surfaces: Introduction. Development of a Match Box. Simple Cases of Development. Development of Solids Cut by a Plane. Important Rule.Helixes and Screw Threads: Introduction. Helix. To Draw a Cylindrical Helix of One Turn (Convolution). To Draw a Conic Helix of One Turn (Convolution). Screw Threads. To Draw Projections of Two Complete Turns of a Square Thread Given Outside Diameter and Lead.Isometric Projections: Introduction. Isometric Drawing and Isometric Projection. Isometric Lines and Planes. Construction of Isometric Drawing. Isometric Plane Figures. Isometric of Circles. Isometric Grid.Perspective Projection: Introduction. Fundamental Concepts. Drawing a Perspective. Vanishing Points Method. To Draw Perspective of a Line. To Draw Perspective of an Object. Perspective of a Circle. Important Rule.Intersection of Surfaces: Introduction. To Determine the Line of Intersection. Intersection of a Straight Line with a Solid. Intersection of Two Plane Surface Solids. Intersection of Two Curved Surfaces. Intersection of a Plane with a Curved Surface. Fabrication of Mitred Bends for Pipes.Computer-Aided Drafting: Introduction. What is a Computer? Drafting Software-AutoCad.Index