Abnormal Psychology
Core Concepts: United States Edition
2nd Edition
Published on 22. January 2010
Book
Paperback/Softback
624 pages
978-0-205-76531-7 (ISBN)
Description
A briefer version of the most authoritative and respected introductory text for the abnormal psychology course. This allows instructors who prefer less detail to still use a research-oriented text. As in their more comprehensive version, the esteemed author team of Jim Butcher, Sue Mineka and Jill Hooley offers students a thoroughly researched and up-to-date explanation of psychopathology, creating a learning experience that invokes thought, increases awareness, and takes students to levels of understanding that other books do not offer.
More details
Edition
2nd edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
College/higher education
Dimensions
Height: 275 mm
Width: 217 mm
Thickness: 23 mm
Weight
1100 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-205-76531-7 (9780205765317)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
New editions
James N. Butcher | Susan M. Mineka | Jill M. Hooley
Abnormal Psychology
Core Concepts: International Edition
Book
01/2010
2nd Edition
Pearson
€151.76
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Previous edition
James N. Butcher | Susan M. Mineka | Jill M. Hooley
Abnormal Psychology
Core Concepts: United States Edition
Book
02/2007
Pearson
€85.71
Article exhausted; check for reprint
Persons
James N. Butcher was born in West Virginia. He enlisted in the Army when he was 17 years old and served in the airborne infantry for 3 years, including a 1-year tour in Korea during the Korean War. After military service, he attended Guilford College, graduating in 1960 with a BA in psychology. He received an MA in experimental psychology in 1962 and a PhD in clinical psychology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He was awarded Doctor Honoris Causa from the Free University of Brussels, Belgium, in 1990. He is currently professor of psychology in the Department of Psychology at the University of Minnesota and was associate director and director of the clinical psychology program at the university for 19 years. He was a member of the University of Minnesota Press's MMPI Consultative Committee, which undertook the revision of the MMPI in 1989. He was formerly the editor of Psychological Assessment, a journal of the American Psychological Association, and serves as consulting editor or reviewer for numerous other journals in psychology and psychiatry. Dr. Butcher has been actively involved in developing and organizing disaster response programs for dealing with human problems following airline disasters. He organized a model crisis intervention disaster response for the Minneapolis-St. Paul Airport and organized and supervised the psychological services offered following two major airline disasters: Northwest Flight 255 in Detroit, Michigan, and Aloha Airlines on Maui. He is a fellow of the American Psychological Association and the Society for Personality Assessment. He has published 40 books and more than 175 articles in the fields of abnormal psychology, cross-cultural psychology, and personality assessment.
Susan Mineka, born and raised in Ithaca, New York, received her undergraduate degree magna cum laude in psychology at Cornell University. She received a PhD in xperimental psychology from the University f Pennsylvania, and later completed a formal clinical retraining program from 1981-1984. She taught at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and at the University of Texas at Austin before moving to Northwestern University in 1987. Since 1987 she has been Professor of Psychology at Northwestern and since 1998 she has served as Director of Clinical Training there. She has taught a wide range of undergraduate and graduate courses, including introductory psychology, learning, motivation, abnormal psychology, and cognitive-behavior therapy. Her current research interests include cognitive and behavioral approaches to understanding the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. She is currently a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, the American Psychological Society, and the Academy of Cognitive Therapy. She has served as Editor of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (1990-1994). She is currently serving as an Associate Editor for Emotion, and is on the editorial boards of several of the leading journals in the field. She was also President of the Society for the Science of Clinical Psychology (1994-1995) and was President of the Midwestern Psychological Association (1997). She also served on the American Psychological Association's Board of Scientific Affairs (1992-1994, Chair 1994), on the Executive Board of the Society for Research in Psychopathology (1992-1994, 2000-2003), and on the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Society (2001-2004). During 1997-1998 she was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford.
Jill M. Hooley is a professor of psychology at Harvard University. She is also head of the experimental psychopathology and clinical psychology program at Harvard. Dr. Hooley was born in England and received a B.Sc. in Psychology from the University of Liverpool. This was followed by research work at Cambridge University. She then attended Magdalen College, Oxford, where she completed her D.Phil. After a move to the United States and additional training in clinical psychology at SUNY Stony Brook, Dr. Hooley took a position at Harvard, where she has been a faculty member since 1985. Dr. Hooley has a long-standing interest in psychosocial predictors of psychiatric relapse in patients with severe psychopathology such as schizophrenia and depression. She is currently conducting neuroimaging studies of emotion in depression. She is the author of many scholarly publications and has served on the editorial boards of several prestigious journals. She has also reviewed applications for research grants both in the United States and internationally. At Harvard, she has taught graduate and undergraduate classes in introductory psychology, abnormal psychology, schizophrenia, mood disorders, psychiatric diagnosis, and psychological treatment. When she is not teaching, conducting research, or treating clinical patients, Dr. Hooley is most likely to be found riding her horse.
Susan Mineka, born and raised in Ithaca, New York, received her undergraduate degree magna cum laude in psychology at Cornell University. She received a PhD in xperimental psychology from the University f Pennsylvania, and later completed a formal clinical retraining program from 1981-1984. She taught at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and at the University of Texas at Austin before moving to Northwestern University in 1987. Since 1987 she has been Professor of Psychology at Northwestern and since 1998 she has served as Director of Clinical Training there. She has taught a wide range of undergraduate and graduate courses, including introductory psychology, learning, motivation, abnormal psychology, and cognitive-behavior therapy. Her current research interests include cognitive and behavioral approaches to understanding the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. She is currently a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, the American Psychological Society, and the Academy of Cognitive Therapy. She has served as Editor of the Journal of Abnormal Psychology (1990-1994). She is currently serving as an Associate Editor for Emotion, and is on the editorial boards of several of the leading journals in the field. She was also President of the Society for the Science of Clinical Psychology (1994-1995) and was President of the Midwestern Psychological Association (1997). She also served on the American Psychological Association's Board of Scientific Affairs (1992-1994, Chair 1994), on the Executive Board of the Society for Research in Psychopathology (1992-1994, 2000-2003), and on the Board of Directors of the American Psychological Society (2001-2004). During 1997-1998 she was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford.
Jill M. Hooley is a professor of psychology at Harvard University. She is also head of the experimental psychopathology and clinical psychology program at Harvard. Dr. Hooley was born in England and received a B.Sc. in Psychology from the University of Liverpool. This was followed by research work at Cambridge University. She then attended Magdalen College, Oxford, where she completed her D.Phil. After a move to the United States and additional training in clinical psychology at SUNY Stony Brook, Dr. Hooley took a position at Harvard, where she has been a faculty member since 1985. Dr. Hooley has a long-standing interest in psychosocial predictors of psychiatric relapse in patients with severe psychopathology such as schizophrenia and depression. She is currently conducting neuroimaging studies of emotion in depression. She is the author of many scholarly publications and has served on the editorial boards of several prestigious journals. She has also reviewed applications for research grants both in the United States and internationally. At Harvard, she has taught graduate and undergraduate classes in introductory psychology, abnormal psychology, schizophrenia, mood disorders, psychiatric diagnosis, and psychological treatment. When she is not teaching, conducting research, or treating clinical patients, Dr. Hooley is most likely to be found riding her horse.
Content
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
1. Abnormal Psychology Over Time
2. Causal Factors and Viewpoints
3. Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches
4. Stress and Stress-Related Disorders
5. Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders
6. Mood Disorders and Suicide
7. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders
8. Eating Disorders and Obesity
9. Personality Disorders
10. Substance-Related Disorders
11. Sexual Variants, Abuse, and Dysfunctions
12. Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
13. Cognitive Disorders
14. Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
15. Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology
DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Features, xvi
Preface, xix
Chapter 1. Abnormal Psychology over Time, 1
What Do We Mean by Abnormality?, 3
The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder, 5
Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders?, 6
What Are the Disadvantages of Classification?, 6
How Does Culture Affect What Is Considered Abnormal?, 7
Culture-Specific Disorders, 8
How Common Are Mental Disorders?, 8
Prevalence and Incidence, 9
Prevalence Estimates for Mental Disorders, 9
Historical Views of Abnormal Behavior, 10
Demonology, Gods, and Magic, 11
Hippocrates' Early Medical Concepts, 11
Later Greek and Roman Thought, 12
Views of Abnormality During the Middle Ages, 12
The Resurgence of Scientific Questioning in Europe, 13
The Establishment of Early Asylums, 13
Humanitarian Reform, 13
Mental Hospital Care in the Twenty-First Century, 15
The Emergence of Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior, 16
Biological Discoveries: Establishing the Link Between the Brain and Mental Disorder, 17
The Development of a Classification System, 17
The Development of the Psychological Basis of Mental Disorder, 18
The Evolution of the Psychological Research Tradition: Experimental Psychology, 20
Research Approaches in Abnormal Psychology, 22
Sources of Information, 22
Forming and Testing Hypotheses, 23
Research Designs, 25
Manipulating Variables: The Experimental Method in Abnormal Psychology, 26
Developments in Research 1.1: Do Magnets Help with Repetitive-Stress Injury?, 28
Unresolved Issues: Are We All Becoming Mentally Ill? The Expanding Horizons of Mental Disorder, 31
Summary, 31
Key Terms, 33
Chapter 2. Causal Factors and Viewpoints, 34
Causes and Risk Factors for Abnormal Behavior, 35
Necessary, Sufficient, and Contributory Causes, 35
Diathesis-Stress Models, 36
Viewpoints for Understanding the Causes of Abnormal Behavior, 38
The Biological Viewpoint and Causal Factors, 38
Neurotransmitter and Hormonal Abnormalities, 39
Developments in Research 2.1: Neurotransmission and Abnormal Behavior, 40
Genetic Vulnerabilities, 42
Developments in Thinking 2.2: Nature, Nurture, and Psychopathology: A New Look at an Old Topic, 44
Temperament, 45
Brain Dysfunction and Neural Plasticity, 46
The Impact of the Biological Viewpoint, 47
The Psychological Viewpoints, 47
The Psychodynamic Perspectives, 48
The Behavioral Perspective, 52
Developments in Thinking 2.3: The Humanistic and Existential Perspectives, 53
The Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective, 56
Psychological Causal Factors, 58
Early Deprivation or Trauma, 59
Inadequate Parenting Styles, 61
Marital Discord and Divorce, 63
Maladaptive Peer Relationships, 64
The Sociocultural Viewpoint and Causal Factors, 65
Uncovering Sociocultural Factors Through Cross-Cultural Studies, 66
Harmful Societal Influences, 67
The Impact of the Sociocultural Viewpoint, 69
Unresolved Issues: Theoretical Viewpoints and the Causes of Abnormal Behavior, 70
Summary, 71
Key Terms, 72
Chapter 3. Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment Approaches, 74
The Basic Elements in Assessment, 75
The Relationship Between Assessment and Diagnosis, 75
Taking a Social or Behavioral History, 75
Ensuring Culturally Sensitive Assessment Procedures, 76
Assessment of the Physical Organism, 77
The General Physical Examination, 77
The Neurological Examination, 77
The Neuropsychological Examination, 79
Psychosocial Assessment, 79
Assessment Interviews, 79
The Clinical Observation of Behavior, 80
Psychological Tests, 81
Advantages and Limitations of Objective Personality Tests, 86
The Integration of Assessment Data, 86
Classifying Abnormal Behavior, 87
Reliability and Validity, 88
Formal Diagnostic Classification of Mental Disorders, 88
An Overview of Treatment, 90
Psychosocial Approaches To Therapy, 91
Behavior Therapy, 91
Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 92
Humanistic-Experiential Therapies, 94
Psychodynamic Therapies, 96
Couple and Family Therapy, 98
Eclecticism and Integration, 100
Measuring Success in Psychotherapy, 100
Objectifying and Quantifying Change, 101
Would Change Occur Anyway?, 101
Can Therapy Be Harmful?, 101
Biological Approaches to Treatment, 102
Antipsychotic Drugs, 102
Antidepressant Drugs, 103
Anti-Anxiety Drugs, 107
Lithium and Other Mood-Stabilizing Drugs, 107
Electroconvulsive Therapy, 109
Neurosurgery, 110
Developments in Research 3.1: Treating Depressed Patients with Deep Brain Stimulation, 111
Unresolved Issues: Is There Bias in the Reporting of Drug Trials?, 111
Summary, 112
Key Terms, 114
Chapter 4. Stress and Physical and Mental Health, 115
What Is Stress?, 116
Stress and the DSM, 116
Factors Predisposing a Person to Stress, 117
Characteristics of Stressors, 118
Stress and the Stress Response, 119
Biological Costs of Stress, 120
The Mind-Body Connection, 120
Understanding the Immune System, 120
Developments in Research 4.1: Cytokines: The Link Between the Brain and the Immune System, 122
Stress and Physical Health, 122
Attitudes and Health, 122
Optimism, 122
Negative Affect, 123
Cardiovascular Disease, 123
Hypertension, 123
Coronary Heart Disease, 125
Risk and Casual Factors in Cardiovascular Disease, 125
Treatment of Stress-Related Disorders, 127
Emotional Disclosure, 127
Biofeedback, 128
Relaxation and Meditation, 128
Psychological Reactions to Stress, 128
Adjustment Disorder, 129
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 129
Clinical Description, 129
Prevalence of PTSD in the General Population, 130
Rates of PTSD After Exposure to Specific Stressors, 131
Causal Factors in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 132
Long-Term Effects of Post-Traumatic Stress, 134
Prevention and Treatment of Stress Disorders, 135
Prevention, 135
Treatment for Stress Disorders, 135
Trauma and Physical Health, 138
Unresolved Issues: What Should the Diagnostic Criteria for PTSD Be?, 138
Summary, 139
Key Terms, 140
Chapter 5. Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders, 141
The Fear and Anxiety Response Patterns, 143
Overview of the Anxiety Disorders and Their Commonalities, 144
Specific Phobias, 145
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 146
Psychological Causal Factors, 146
Biological Causal Factors, 148
Treatments, 149
Social Phobias, 150
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 151
Psychological Causal Factors, 151
Biological Causal Factors, 152
Treatments, 153
Panic Disorder with and without Agoraphobia, 154
Panic Disorder, 154
Agoraphobia, 155
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 156
The Timing of a First Panic Attack, 156
Biological Causal Factors, 157
Psychological Causal Factors, 158
Treatments, 161
Developments in Practice 5.1: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Panic Disorder, 162
Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 163
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 164
Psychological Causal Factors, 165
Biological Causal Factors, 166
Treatments, 167
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, 168
Prevalence, Age of Onset, and Gender Differences, 170
Psychosocial Causal Factors, 170
Biological Causal Factors, 172
Treatments, 174
Sociocultural Causal Factors for all Anxiety Disorders, 175
Cultural Differences in Sources of Worry, 176
Taijin Kyofusho, 176
Unresolved Issues: Compulsive Hoarding: Is it a Subtype of OCD?, 177
Summary, 177
Key Terms, 179
Chapter 6. Mood Disorders and Suicide, 180
Mood Disorders, 181
What are Mood Disorders?, 181
Types of Mood Disorders, 182
The Prevalence of Mood Disorders, 183
Unipolar Mood Disorders, 183
Depressions That Are Not Mood Disorders, 184
Dysthymic Disorder, 185
Major Depressive Disorder, 186
Causal Factors in Unipolar Mood Disorders, 189
Biological Causal Factors, 189
Psychological Causal Factors, 193
Developments in Research 6.1: Sex Differences in Unipolar Depression, 199
Developments in Thinking 6.2: Comorbidity of Anxiety and Mood Disorders, 201
Bipolar Disorders, 203
Cyclothymic Disorder, 203
Bipolar Disorders (I and II), 204
Causal Factors In Bipolar Disorder, 207
Biological Causal Factors, 207
Psychosocial Causal Factors, 208
Sociocultural Factors Affecting Unipolar and Bipolar Disorders, 209
Cross-Cultural Differences in Depressive Symptoms, 209
Cross-Cultural Differences in Prevalence, 210
Demographic Differences in the United States, 210
Treatments and Outcomes, 211
Pharmacotherapy, 211
Alternative Biological Treatments, 213
Psychotherapy, 213
Suicide, 215
The Clinical Picture and the Causal Pattern, 216
Who Attempts and Who Commits Suicide?, 216
Suicide in Children, 216
Suicide in Adolescents and Young Adults, 217
Other Psychosocial Factors Associated with Suicide, 217
The World Around Us 6.3: Warning Signs for Student Suicide, 218
Biological Causal Factors, 218
Sociocultural Factors, 218
Communication of Suicidal Intent, 219
Suicide Notes, 220
Suicide Prevention and Intervention, 220
Treatment of Mental Disorders, 220
Crisis Intervention, 220
Focus on High-Risk Groups and Other Measures, 221
Unresolved Issues: Is There a Right to Die?, 221
Summary, 222
Key Terms, 223
Chapter 7. Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders, 224
Somatoform Disorders, 225
What Are Somatoform Disorders?, 225
Hypochondriasis, 226
Somatization Disorder, 228
Pain Disorder, 230
Conversion Disorder, 231
Distinguishing Somatization, Pain and Conversion Disorders from Malingering and Factitious Disorder, 234
The World Around Us 7.1: Factitious Disorder by Proxy (Munchausen's Syndrome by Proxy), 234
Body Dysmorphic Disorder, 235
Dissociative Disorders, 238
What are Dissociative Disorders?, 238
Depersonalization Disorder, 238
Dissociative Amnesia and Dissociative Fugue, 239
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), 241
The World Around Us 7.2: DID, Schizophrenia, and Split Personality: Clearing Up the Confusion, 244
Sociocultural Factors in Dissociative Disorders, 248
Treatment and Outcomes in Dissociative Disorders, 248
Unresolved Issues: DID and the Reality of "Recovered Memories", 250
Summary, 251
Key Terms, 252
Chapter 8. Eating Disorders and Obesity, 253
Eating Disorders, 254
Clinical Aspects of Eating Disorders, 254
Anorexia Nervosa, 254
Bulimia Nervosa, 256
Other Forms of Eating Disorders, 258
Age of Onset and Gender Differences, 259
Prevalence of Eating Disorders, 259
Medical Complications of Eating Disorders, 260
Course and Outcome, 260
The Long-Term Stability of Eating Disorders, 261
Eating Disorders Across Cultures, 261
Risk and Causal Factors in Eating Disorders, 263
Biological Factors, 263
Sociocultural Factors, 264
Family Influences, 265
Individual Risk Factors, 266
Treatment of Eating Disorders, 268
Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa, 269
Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa, 270
Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder, 271
Obesity, 271
Risk and Causal Factors in Obesity, 273
The Role of Genes, 273
Hormones Involved in Appetite and Weight Regulation, 273
Sociocultural Influences, 274
Family Influences, 274
Stress and "Comfort Food", 275
Pathways to Obesity, 275
Treatment of Obesity, 276
Lifestyle Modifications, 276
Medications, 277
Bariatric Surgery, 277
The Importance of Prevention, 278
Unresolved Issues: What Should We Do About Eating Disorder NOS?, 279
Summary, 279
Key Terms, 280
Chapter 9. Personality Disorders, 281
Clinical Features of Personality Disorders, 282
Difficulties Doing Research on Personality Disorders, 284
Difficulties in Diagnosing Personality Disorders, 284
Difficulties in Studying the Causes of Personality Disorders, 285
Cluster A Personality Disorders, 285
Paranoid Personality Disorder, 285
Schizoid Personality Disorder, 286
Schizotypal Personality Disorder, 287
Cluster B Personality Disorders, 290
Histrionic Personality Disorder, 290
Narcissistic Personality Disorder, 291
Antisocial Personality Disorder, 292
Borderline Personality Disorder, 293
Cluster C Personality Disorders, 295
Avoidant Personality Disorder, 295
Dependent Personality Disorder, 297
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, 298
General Sociocultural Causal Factors for Personality Disorders, 299
Treatments and Outcomes for Personality Disorders, 300
Adapting Therapeutic Techniques to Specific Personality Disorders, 300
Treating Borderline Personality Disorder, 300
Treating Other Personality Disorders, 301
Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy, 302
Psychopathy and ASPD, 302
The Clinical Picture in Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder, 304
Causal Factors in Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality, 305
The World Around Us 9.1: "Successful" Psychopaths, 308
A Developmental Perspective on Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality, 309
Treatments and Outcomes in Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality, 311
Prevention of Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder, 312
Unresolved Issues: Axis II of DSM-IV-TR: Moving Toward a Dimensional System of Classification, 313
Summary, 314
Key Terms, 314
Chapter 10. Substance-Related Disorders, 315
Alcohol Abuse and Dependence, 317
The Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Demographics of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence, 318
The Clinical Picture of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence, 319
Biological Causal Factors in the Abuse of and Dependence on Alcohol, 322
Psychosocial Causal Factors in Alcohol Abuse and Dependence, 324
The World Around Us 10.1: Binge Drinking in College, 327
Sociocultural Causal Factors, 328
Treatment of Alcohol-Related Disorders, 328
Drug Abuse and Dependence, 332
Opium and Its Derivatives (Narcotics), 334
Cocaine and Amphetamines (Stimulants), 337
Methamphetamine, 340
Barbiturates (Sedatives), 340
Hallucinogens: LSD and Related Drugs, 341
Ecstasy, 342
Marijuana, 342
Stimulants: Caffeine and Nicotine, 344
Unresolved Issues: Exchanging Addictions: Is This an Effective Approach?, 346
Summary, 347
Key Terms, 348
Chapter 11. Sexual Variants, Abuse, and Dysfunctions, 349
Sociocultural Influences on Sexual Practices and Standards, 351
Overview, 351
Homosexuality and American Psychiatry, 351
Developments in Thinking 11.1: Homosexuality as a Normal Sexual Variant, 352
Sexual and Gender Variants, 353
The Paraphilias, 354
Causal Factors and Treatments for Paraphilias, 359
Gender Identity Disorders, 360
Sexual Abuse, 363
Childhood Sexual Abuse, 363
Developments in Research 11.2: The Reliability of Children's Reports of Past Events, 365
Pedophilia, 366
Incest, 367
Rape, 367
Treatment and Recidivism of Sex Offenders, 369
Sexual Dysfunctions, 372
Sexual Desire Disorders, 372
Sexual Arousal Disorders, 374
Orgasmic Disorders, 376
Sexual Pain Disorders, 378
Unresolved Issues: How Harmful Is Childhood Sexual Abuse?, 379
Summary, 380
Key Terms, 380
Chapter 12. Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders, 382
Schizophrenia, 383
Origins of the Schizophrenia Construct, 383
Epidemiology, 383
Clinical Picture, 385
Delusions, 385
Hallucinations, 385
Disorganized Speech, 386
Disorganized and Catatonic Behavior, 386
Positive and Negative Symptoms, 387
Subtypes of Schizophrenia, 387
Other Psychotic Disorders, 390
Risk and Causal Factors, 392
Genetic Factors, 392
The World Around Us 12.1: The Genain Quadruplets, 393
Prenatal Exposures, 397
Genes and Environment in Schizophrenia: A Synthesis, 398
A Neurodevelopmental Perspective, 398
Other Biological Factors, 400
Neurocognition, 404
Psychosocial and Cultural Factors, 406
Treatments and Outcomes, 409
Pharmacological Approaches, 409
Psychosocial Approaches, 410
Developments in Practice 12.2: Using Estrogen to Help Patients with Schizophrenia, 411
The World Around Us 12.3: A Beautiful Mind, 413
Unresolved Issues: Can Schizophrenia Be Prevented?, 414
Summary, 415
Key Terms, 416
Chapter 13. Cognitive Disorders, 417
Brain Impairment in Adults, 419
Clinical Signs of Brain Damage, 419
Diffuse versus Focal Damage, 419
The Neuropsychology/Psychopathology Interaction, 421
Delirium, 422
Clinical Picture, 422
Treatments and Outcomes, 423
Dementia, 423
Parkinson's Disease, 424
Huntington's Disease, 425
Alzheimer's Disease, 425
Dementia from HIV-1 Infection, 430
Vascular Dementia, 431
Amnestic Disorder, 431
Disorders Involving Head Injury, 432
Clinical Picture, 433
The World Around Us 13.1: Playing It Safe after Taking a Hit, 435
Treatments and Outcomes, 435
Unresolved Issues: Can Dietary Supplements Enhance Brain Functioning?, 437
Summary, 438
Key Terms, 438
Chapter 14. Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence, 439
Maladaptive Behavior in Different Life Periods, 440
Varying Clinical Pictures, 440
Special Psychological Vulnerabilities of Young Children, 441
The Classification of Childhood and Adolescent Disorders, 441
Common Disorders Of Childhood, 442
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, 442
Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder, 445
Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents, 448
Anxiety Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence, 448
Childhood Depression and Bipolar Disorder, 451
Developments in Practice 14.1: Using Play Therapy to Resolve Children's Psychological Problems, 453
Pervasive Developmental Disorders, 454
Autism, 454
Asperger's Disorder, 458
Learning Disabilities and Mental Retardation, 458
Learning Disabilities, 459
Causal Factors in Learning Disabilities, 459
Treatments and Outcomes, 459
Mental Retardation, 460
Causal Factors in Mental Retardation, 461
Organic Retardation Syndromes, 462
Treatments, Outcomes, and Prevention, 465
Planning Better Programs to Help Children and Adolescents, 467
Special Factors Associated with Treatment of Children and Adolescents, 467
Child Advocacy Programs, 469
Unresolved Issues: Can Society Deal with Delinquent Behavior?, 469
Summary, 471
Key Terms, 472
Chapter 15. Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology, 473
Perspectives on Prevention, 474
Universal Interventions, 474
Selective Interventions, 476
Indicated Interventions, 478
The Mental Hospital as a Therapeutic Community, 478
Developments in Thinking 15.1: Residential Treatment Programs: Do They Help Troubled Children and Adolescents?, 479
Deinstitutionalization, 481
Controversial Legal Issues and the Mentally Disordered, 482
Civil Commitment, 482
The World Around Us 15.2: Important Court Decisions for Patient Rights, 483
Assessment of "Dangerousness", 484
The Insanity Defense, 486
Organized Efforts for Mental Health, 489
U.S. Efforts for Mental Health, 489
International Efforts for Mental Health, 490
Challenges for the Future, 491
The Need for Planning, 491
The Individual's Contribution, 491
Unresolved Issues: The HMOs and Mental Health Care, 492
Summary, 494
Key Terms, 494
Glossary, G-1
Reference, R-1
Credits, C-1
Name Index, N-1
Subject Index, S-1