Handbook of Web Surveys

1 THE ROAD TO WEB SURVEYS 1. Introduction 2. Theory 1.2.1 Everlasting Demand for Statistical Information 1.2.2 The Dawn of Sampling Theory 1.2.3 Traditional Data Collection 1.2.4 The Era of Computer-Assisted Interviewiing 1.2.5 The Conquest of Web 1.2.6 Toward integration of web sources or to web-multisources 1.3 Application 1.4 Summary Key Terms Execises References 2. ABOUT WEB SURVEYS 2.1 introduction 2.2. Theory 2.2.1 Typical Survey Situation 2.2.2 Why On line Data Collection? 2.2.3 Areas of Application 2.2.4 Trends in Web Surveys 2.3 Application 2.4 Summary Key Terms Execises References 2. A FRAMEWORK FOR STEPS AND ERRORS IN WEB SURVEYS 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Theory 3.2.1 Steps 3.2.2 Steps 3.2.3 Steps 3.2.4 Comments for an expanded framework 3.3 Application 3.4 Summary Key Terms Execises References 4 SAMPLING FOR WEB SURVEYS 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Theory 4.2.1 Target Population 4.2.2 Sampling Frames 4.2.3 Basic Concepts of Sampling 4.2.4 Simple Random Sampling 4.2.5 Determining the Sample Size 4.2.6 Some Other Sampling Designs 4.2.7 Estimation Procedures 4.3 Application 4.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 5 ERRORS IN WEB SURVEYS 4.1 Introduction, 4.2 Theory 4.2.1 Measurement Errors 4.2.2 Nonresponse 4.3 Application 4.3.1 The Safety Monitor 4.3.2 Measurement Errors 4.3.3 Nonresponse 4.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 6 WEB SURVEYS AND OTHER MODES OF DATA COLLECTION 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Modes of Data Collection 6.1.2 The Choice of the Modes of Data Collection 6.2 Theory 6.2.1 Face-To-Face Surveys 6.2.2 Telephone surveys 6.2.3 Mail Surveys 6.2.4 Web surveys 6.2.5 Mobile surveys 6.3 Application 5.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 7 DESIGNING A WEB SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Theory 7.2.1 The Road Map Toward a Web Questionnaire 7.2.2 The Language of Questions 7.2.3 Basic Concepts of Visualization 7.2.4 Aswers types (response format) 7.2.5 Web Questionnaires and Paradata 7.2.6 Trends in Web Questionnaire Design and Visualization 7.3 Application 7.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 8 ADAPTIVE AND RESPONSIVE DESIGN 8.1 Introduction, 8.2 Theory 8.2.1 Terminology and rationale 8.2.2 Quality and costs functions 8.2.3 Strategy allocation and optimization 8.3 Application 8.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 9 MIXED-MODE SURVEYS 9.1 Introduction, 9.2 Theory 9.2.1 Types of Mixed Mode designs 9.2.2 Mode and device effect 9.2.3 Preventing mode effects through questionnaire design 9.2.4 Avoiding mode effects b data collection design 9.2.5 Adjusting for mode effects 9.3 Application 9.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 10 THE PROBLEM OF UNDER-COVERAGE 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Theory 10.2.1 The Internet Population 10.2.2 A Random Sample From the Internet Population 10.2.3 Reducing the Noncoverage Bias 10.2.4 Mixed-Mode Data Collection 10.3 Application 10.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 11 THE PROBLEM OF SELF-SELECTION 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Theory, 11.2.1 Basic Sampling Theory 11.2.2 A Self-Selection Sample from the Internet Population 11.2.3 Reducing the Self-Selection Bias 11.3 Application 11.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 12 WEIGHTING ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Theory 12.2.1 The Concept of Representativity 12.2.2 Poststratification 12.2.3 Generalized Regression Estimation 12.2.4 Raking Ratio Estimation 12.2.5 Calibration Estimation 12.2.6 Constraining the Values of Weights 12.2.7 Correction Using a Reference Survey 12.3 Application 12.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 13 USE OF RESPONSE PROPENSITIES 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Theory 13.2.1 A Simple Random Sample with Nonresponse 13.2.2 A Self-Selection Sample 13.2.3 The Response Propensity Definition 13.2.4 Models for Response Propensities 13.2.5 Correction Methods Based on Response Propensities 13.3 Application 13.3.1 Generation of the Population 13.3.2 Generation of Response Probabilities 13.3.3 Generation of the Sample 13.3.4 Computation of Response Propensities 13.3.5 Matching Response Propensities 13.3.6 Estimation of Population Characteristics 13.3.7 Evaluating the Results 13.3.8 Model Sensitivity 13.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References 14 WEB PANELS 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Theory 14.2.1 Web Panel Definition and Recruitment 14.2.2 Use of Web Panels 14.2.3 Web Panel Management 14.2.4 Response Rates 14.2.5 Representativity 14.3 Application 14.4 Summary Key Terms Exercises References