A Gift of Fire
Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computing and the Internet: United States Edition
3rd Edition
Published on 8. May 2008
Book
Paperback/Softback
528 pages
978-0-13-600848-4 (ISBN)
Description
Gift of Fire is ideal for courses in Computer Ethics and Computers and Society.
In this revision of a best-seller, Baase explores the social, legal, philosophical, ethical, political, constitutional, and economic implications of computing and the controversies they raise. With a computer scientist's perspective, and with historical context for many issues, she covers the issues readers will face both as members of a technological society and as professionals in computer-related fields. A primary goal is to develop computer professionals who understand the implications of what they create and how it fits into society at large.
In this revision of a best-seller, Baase explores the social, legal, philosophical, ethical, political, constitutional, and economic implications of computing and the controversies they raise. With a computer scientist's perspective, and with historical context for many issues, she covers the issues readers will face both as members of a technological society and as professionals in computer-related fields. A primary goal is to develop computer professionals who understand the implications of what they create and how it fits into society at large.
More details
Edition
3rd edition
Language
English
Place of publication
United States
Publishing group
Pearson Education (US)
Target group
College/higher education
Dimensions
Height: 235 mm
Width: 178 mm
Weight
820 gr
ISBN-13
978-0-13-600848-4 (9780136008484)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
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Gift of Fire, A: Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computing and the Internet
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Sara Baase
A Gift of Fire
Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computers and the Internet: United States Edition
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06/2002
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Person
Sara Baase is Professor Emeritus with the Department of Computer Science, San Diego State University, where she won awards for outstanding teaching. Her textbooks in computer science have been translated into several languages. Dr. Baase received her doctoral degree from the University of California, Berkeley.
Content
Preface
Chapter 1 Unwrapping the Gift
1.1 The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid Pace of Change
1.2 New Developments and Dramatic Impacts
1.2.1 Amateur Creative Works: Blogs and Video Sharing
1.2.2 Connections
1.2.3 Collaborative Efforts Among Strangers
1.2.4 E-commerce and Free Stuff
1.2.5 Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Motion
1.2.6 Tools for Disabled People
1.2.7 What Next?
1.3 An Introduction to Some Issues and Themes
1.3.1 Issues
1.3.2 Themes
1.4 Ethics
1.4.1 What Is Ethics, Anyway?
1.4.2 A Variety of Ethical Views
1.4.3 Some Important Distinctions
Chapter 2 Privacy
2.1 Privacy and Computer Technology
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 New Technology, New Risks
2.1.3 Terminology and Principles for Data Collection and Use
2.2 Big Brother Is Watching You
2.2.1 Databases
2.2.2 The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of Privacy, and Surveillance Technologies
2.2.3 Video Surveillance
2.3 Diverse Privacy Topics
2.3.1 Marketing, Personalization and Consumer Dossiers
2.3.2 Location Tracking
2.3.3 Stolen and Lost Data
2.3.4 What We Do Ourselves
2.3.5 Public Records: Access vs. Privacy
2.3.6 National ID Systems
2.3.7 Children
2.4 Protecting Privacy: Technology, Markets, Rights, and Laws
2.4.1 Technology and Markets
2.4.2 Rights and Law
2.4.3 Privacy Regulations in the European Union
2.5 Communications
2.5.1 Wiretapping and E-mail Protection
2.5.2 Designing Communications Systems for Interception
2.5.3 Secret Intelligence Gathering
2.5.4 Encryption Policy
Chapter 3 Freedom of Speech
3.1 Changing Communications Paradigms
3.1.1 Regulating Communications Media
3.1.2 Free-Speech Principles
3.2 Controlling Offensive Speech
3.2.1 Offensive Speech: What Is It? What Is Illegal?
3.2.2 Internet Censorship Laws and Alternatives
3.2.3 Spam
3.2.4 Challenging Old Regulatory Paradigms and Special Interests
3.2.5 Posting and Selling Sensitive Material: Ethics and Social Concerns
3.3 Censorship on the Global Net
3.3.1 The Global Impact of Censorship
3.3.2 Yahoo and French Censorship
3.3.3 Censorship in Other Nations
3.3.4 Aiding Foreign Censors
3.4 Political Campaign Regulations in Cyberspace
3.5 Anonymity
3.5.1 Common Sense and the Internet
3.5.2 Is Anonymity Protected?
3.5.3 Against Anonymity
3.6 Protecting Access and Innovation: Net Neutrality or Deregulation?
Chapter 4 Intellectual Property
4.1 Intellectual Property and Changing Technology
4.1.1 What Is Intellectual Property?
4.1.2 Challenges of New Technologies
4.2 Copyright Law and Significant Cases
4.2.1 A Bit of History
4.2.2 The Fair-Use Doctrine
4.2.3 Significant Cases
4.3 Copying and Sharing
4.3.1 Defensive and Aggressive Responses from the Content Industries
4.3.2 The DMCA vs. Fair Use, Freedom of Speech, and Innovation
4.3.3 Video Sharing
4.3.4 New Business Models and Constructive Solutions
4.3.5 Ethical Arguments About Copying
4.3.6 International Piracy
4.4 Search Engines and Online Libraries
4.5 Free Speech Issues
4.6 Free Software
4.6.1 What Is Free Software?
4.6.2 Should All Software Be Free?
4.7 Issues for Software Developers
4.7.1 Patents for Software?
4.7.2 Patents for Web Technologies
4.7.3 Copyright and Similar Software Products
Chapter 5 Crime
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Hacking
5.2.1 What is Hacking?
5.2.2 Hacktivism, or Political Hacking
5.2.3 The Law: Catching and Punishing Hackers
5.2.4 Security
5.3 Identity Theft and Credit-Card Fraud
5.3.1 Stealing Identities
5.3.2 Responses to Identity Theft
5.3.3 Biometrics
5.4 Scams and Forgery
5.4.1 Auctions
5.4.2 Click Fraud
5.4.3 Stock Fraud
5.4.4 Digital Forgery
5.5 Crime Fighting Versus Privacy and Civil Liberties
5.5.1 Search and Seizure of Computers
5.5.2 The Issue of Venue
5.5.3 The Cybercrime Treaty
5.6 Whose Laws Rule the Web?
5.6.1 When Digital Actions Cross Borders
5.6.2 Arresting Foreign Visitors
5.6.3 Libel, Speech, and Commercial Law
5.6.4 Culture, Law, and Ethics
5.6.5 Potential Solutions
Chapter 6 Work
6.1 Fears and Questions
6.2 The Impact on Employment
6.2.1 Job Destruction and Creation
6.2.2 Changing Skill Levels
6.2.3 A Global Workforce
6.2.4 Getting a Job
6.3 The Work Environment
6.3.1 Job Dispersal and Telecommuting
6.3.2 Changing Business Structures
6.4 Employee Monitoring
6.4.1 Background
6.4.2 Data Entry, Phone Work, and Retail
6.4.3 Location Monitoring
6.4.4 E-mail, Blogging, and Web Use
Chapter 7 Evaluating and Controlling Technology
7.1 Information, Knowledge, and Judgment
7.1.1 Evaluating Information on the Web
7.1.2 Writing, Thinking, and Deciding
7.1.3 Computer Models
7.2 Computers and Community
7.3 The Digital Divide
7.4 Evaluations of the Impact of Computer Technology
7.4.1 The Neo-Luddite View of Computers, Technology, and Human Needs
7.4.2 Accomplishments of Technology
7.5 Making Decisions about Technology
7.5.1 Questions
7.5.2 The Difficulty of Prediction
7.5.3 Intelligent Machines and Superintelligent Humans - Or the End of the Human Race?
7.5.4 A Few Observations
Chapter 8 Errors, Failures, and Risk
8.1 Failures and Errors in Computer Systems
8.1.1 An Overview
8.1.2 Problems for Individuals
8.1.3 System Failures
8.1.4 Safety-Critical Applications
8.1.5 Perspectives on Failure
8.2 Case Study: The Therac-25
8.2.1 Therac-25 Radiation Overdoses
8.2.2 Software and Design Problems
8.2.3 Why So Many Incidents?
8.2.4 Observations and Perspective
8.3 Increasing Reliability and Safety
8.3.1 What Goes Wrong?
8.3.2 Professional Techniques
8.3.3 Law, Regulation, and Markets
8.4 Dependence, Risk, and Progress
8.4.1 Are We Too Dependent On Computers?
8.4.2 Risk and Progress
Chapter 9 Professional Ethics and Responsibilities
9.1 What Is Professional Ethics?
9.2 Ethical Guidelines for Computer Professionals
9.2.1 Special Aspects of Professional Ethics
9.2.2 Professional Codes of Ethics
9.2.3 Guidelines and Professional Responsibilities
9.3 Scenarios
9.3.1 Introduction and Methodology
9.3.2 Protecting Personal Data
9.3.3 Designing an E-mail System with Targeted Ads
9.3.4 Specifications
9.3.5 Skipping Tests
9.3.6 Copyright Violation
9.3.7 Going Public
9.3.8 Release of Personal Information
9.3.9 Conflict of Interest
9.3.10 Kickbacks and Disclosure
9.3.11 A Test Plan
9.3.12 Artificial Intelligence and Sentencing Criminals
9.3.13 A Gracious Host
Epilogue
A The Software Engineering Code and the ACM Code
A.1 The Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice
A.2 The ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
Index
Chapter 1 Unwrapping the Gift
1.1 The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid Pace of Change
1.2 New Developments and Dramatic Impacts
1.2.1 Amateur Creative Works: Blogs and Video Sharing
1.2.2 Connections
1.2.3 Collaborative Efforts Among Strangers
1.2.4 E-commerce and Free Stuff
1.2.5 Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Motion
1.2.6 Tools for Disabled People
1.2.7 What Next?
1.3 An Introduction to Some Issues and Themes
1.3.1 Issues
1.3.2 Themes
1.4 Ethics
1.4.1 What Is Ethics, Anyway?
1.4.2 A Variety of Ethical Views
1.4.3 Some Important Distinctions
Chapter 2 Privacy
2.1 Privacy and Computer Technology
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 New Technology, New Risks
2.1.3 Terminology and Principles for Data Collection and Use
2.2 Big Brother Is Watching You
2.2.1 Databases
2.2.2 The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of Privacy, and Surveillance Technologies
2.2.3 Video Surveillance
2.3 Diverse Privacy Topics
2.3.1 Marketing, Personalization and Consumer Dossiers
2.3.2 Location Tracking
2.3.3 Stolen and Lost Data
2.3.4 What We Do Ourselves
2.3.5 Public Records: Access vs. Privacy
2.3.6 National ID Systems
2.3.7 Children
2.4 Protecting Privacy: Technology, Markets, Rights, and Laws
2.4.1 Technology and Markets
2.4.2 Rights and Law
2.4.3 Privacy Regulations in the European Union
2.5 Communications
2.5.1 Wiretapping and E-mail Protection
2.5.2 Designing Communications Systems for Interception
2.5.3 Secret Intelligence Gathering
2.5.4 Encryption Policy
Chapter 3 Freedom of Speech
3.1 Changing Communications Paradigms
3.1.1 Regulating Communications Media
3.1.2 Free-Speech Principles
3.2 Controlling Offensive Speech
3.2.1 Offensive Speech: What Is It? What Is Illegal?
3.2.2 Internet Censorship Laws and Alternatives
3.2.3 Spam
3.2.4 Challenging Old Regulatory Paradigms and Special Interests
3.2.5 Posting and Selling Sensitive Material: Ethics and Social Concerns
3.3 Censorship on the Global Net
3.3.1 The Global Impact of Censorship
3.3.2 Yahoo and French Censorship
3.3.3 Censorship in Other Nations
3.3.4 Aiding Foreign Censors
3.4 Political Campaign Regulations in Cyberspace
3.5 Anonymity
3.5.1 Common Sense and the Internet
3.5.2 Is Anonymity Protected?
3.5.3 Against Anonymity
3.6 Protecting Access and Innovation: Net Neutrality or Deregulation?
Chapter 4 Intellectual Property
4.1 Intellectual Property and Changing Technology
4.1.1 What Is Intellectual Property?
4.1.2 Challenges of New Technologies
4.2 Copyright Law and Significant Cases
4.2.1 A Bit of History
4.2.2 The Fair-Use Doctrine
4.2.3 Significant Cases
4.3 Copying and Sharing
4.3.1 Defensive and Aggressive Responses from the Content Industries
4.3.2 The DMCA vs. Fair Use, Freedom of Speech, and Innovation
4.3.3 Video Sharing
4.3.4 New Business Models and Constructive Solutions
4.3.5 Ethical Arguments About Copying
4.3.6 International Piracy
4.4 Search Engines and Online Libraries
4.5 Free Speech Issues
4.6 Free Software
4.6.1 What Is Free Software?
4.6.2 Should All Software Be Free?
4.7 Issues for Software Developers
4.7.1 Patents for Software?
4.7.2 Patents for Web Technologies
4.7.3 Copyright and Similar Software Products
Chapter 5 Crime
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Hacking
5.2.1 What is Hacking?
5.2.2 Hacktivism, or Political Hacking
5.2.3 The Law: Catching and Punishing Hackers
5.2.4 Security
5.3 Identity Theft and Credit-Card Fraud
5.3.1 Stealing Identities
5.3.2 Responses to Identity Theft
5.3.3 Biometrics
5.4 Scams and Forgery
5.4.1 Auctions
5.4.2 Click Fraud
5.4.3 Stock Fraud
5.4.4 Digital Forgery
5.5 Crime Fighting Versus Privacy and Civil Liberties
5.5.1 Search and Seizure of Computers
5.5.2 The Issue of Venue
5.5.3 The Cybercrime Treaty
5.6 Whose Laws Rule the Web?
5.6.1 When Digital Actions Cross Borders
5.6.2 Arresting Foreign Visitors
5.6.3 Libel, Speech, and Commercial Law
5.6.4 Culture, Law, and Ethics
5.6.5 Potential Solutions
Chapter 6 Work
6.1 Fears and Questions
6.2 The Impact on Employment
6.2.1 Job Destruction and Creation
6.2.2 Changing Skill Levels
6.2.3 A Global Workforce
6.2.4 Getting a Job
6.3 The Work Environment
6.3.1 Job Dispersal and Telecommuting
6.3.2 Changing Business Structures
6.4 Employee Monitoring
6.4.1 Background
6.4.2 Data Entry, Phone Work, and Retail
6.4.3 Location Monitoring
6.4.4 E-mail, Blogging, and Web Use
Chapter 7 Evaluating and Controlling Technology
7.1 Information, Knowledge, and Judgment
7.1.1 Evaluating Information on the Web
7.1.2 Writing, Thinking, and Deciding
7.1.3 Computer Models
7.2 Computers and Community
7.3 The Digital Divide
7.4 Evaluations of the Impact of Computer Technology
7.4.1 The Neo-Luddite View of Computers, Technology, and Human Needs
7.4.2 Accomplishments of Technology
7.5 Making Decisions about Technology
7.5.1 Questions
7.5.2 The Difficulty of Prediction
7.5.3 Intelligent Machines and Superintelligent Humans - Or the End of the Human Race?
7.5.4 A Few Observations
Chapter 8 Errors, Failures, and Risk
8.1 Failures and Errors in Computer Systems
8.1.1 An Overview
8.1.2 Problems for Individuals
8.1.3 System Failures
8.1.4 Safety-Critical Applications
8.1.5 Perspectives on Failure
8.2 Case Study: The Therac-25
8.2.1 Therac-25 Radiation Overdoses
8.2.2 Software and Design Problems
8.2.3 Why So Many Incidents?
8.2.4 Observations and Perspective
8.3 Increasing Reliability and Safety
8.3.1 What Goes Wrong?
8.3.2 Professional Techniques
8.3.3 Law, Regulation, and Markets
8.4 Dependence, Risk, and Progress
8.4.1 Are We Too Dependent On Computers?
8.4.2 Risk and Progress
Chapter 9 Professional Ethics and Responsibilities
9.1 What Is Professional Ethics?
9.2 Ethical Guidelines for Computer Professionals
9.2.1 Special Aspects of Professional Ethics
9.2.2 Professional Codes of Ethics
9.2.3 Guidelines and Professional Responsibilities
9.3 Scenarios
9.3.1 Introduction and Methodology
9.3.2 Protecting Personal Data
9.3.3 Designing an E-mail System with Targeted Ads
9.3.4 Specifications
9.3.5 Skipping Tests
9.3.6 Copyright Violation
9.3.7 Going Public
9.3.8 Release of Personal Information
9.3.9 Conflict of Interest
9.3.10 Kickbacks and Disclosure
9.3.11 A Test Plan
9.3.12 Artificial Intelligence and Sentencing Criminals
9.3.13 A Gracious Host
Epilogue
A The Software Engineering Code and the ACM Code
A.1 The Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice
A.2 The ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
Index