The Postcolonial Studies Reader
3rd Edition
Published on 11. July 2024
Book
Hardback
806 pages
978-1-138-60327-1 (ISBN)
Description
The most comprehensive collection of postcolonial writing theory and criticism, this third edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to include 125 extracts from key works in the field.
Leading, as well as lesser-known figures in the fields of writing, theory and criticism contribute to this inspiring body of work that includes sections on nationalism, hybridity, diaspora and globalisation. As in the first two editions, this new edition of The Postcolonial Studies Reader ranges as widely as possible to reflect the remarkable diversity of work in the discipline and the vibrancy of anti-imperialist and decolonising writing both within and without the metropolitan centres.
This volume includes new work in the field over the decade and a half since the second edition was published. Covering more debates, topics and critics than any comparable book in its field The Postcolonial Studies Reader provides the ideal starting point for students and issues a potent challenge to the ways in which we think and write about literature and culture.
Leading, as well as lesser-known figures in the fields of writing, theory and criticism contribute to this inspiring body of work that includes sections on nationalism, hybridity, diaspora and globalisation. As in the first two editions, this new edition of The Postcolonial Studies Reader ranges as widely as possible to reflect the remarkable diversity of work in the discipline and the vibrancy of anti-imperialist and decolonising writing both within and without the metropolitan centres.
This volume includes new work in the field over the decade and a half since the second edition was published. Covering more debates, topics and critics than any comparable book in its field The Postcolonial Studies Reader provides the ideal starting point for students and issues a potent challenge to the ways in which we think and write about literature and culture.
More details
Edition
3rd edition
Language
English
Place of publication
London
United Kingdom
Publishing group
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Target group
Adult education
Adult education, Postgraduate, and Undergraduate
Illustrations
2 s/w Abbildungen, 2 s/w Photographien bzw. Rasterbilder
2 Halftones, black and white; 2 Illustrations, black and white
Dimensions
Height: 260 mm
Width: 183 mm
Thickness: 50 mm
Weight
1758 gr
ISBN-13
978-1-138-60327-1 (9781138603271)
Copyright in bibliographic data and cover images is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or by the publishers or by their respective licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Classification
Other editions
Additional editions
Bill Ashcroft | Gareth Griffiths | Helen Tiffin
The Postcolonial Studies Reader
E-Book
07/2024
3rd Edition
Routledge
€52.49
Available for download
Bill Ashcroft | Gareth Griffiths | Helen Tiffin
The Postcolonial Studies Reader
Book
07/2024
3rd Edition
Routledge
€64.50
Shipment within 10-20 days
Bill Ashcroft | Gareth Griffiths | Helen Tiffin
The Postcolonial Studies Reader
E-Book
07/2024
3rd Edition
Routledge
€52.49
Available for download
Previous edition
Bill Ashcroft | Gareth Griffiths | Helen Tiffin
The Post-Colonial Studies Reader
Book
12/2005
2nd Edition
Routledge
€222.50
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Persons
Bill Ashcroft is Emeritus Professor at the University of New South Wales. He is a renowned critic and theorist, founding exponent of postcolonial theory, and author of 21 books and over 200 articles and chapters. Co-editor of The Postcolonial Studies Reader, he is also co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to offer a systematic examination of the field of postcolonial studies.
Gareth Griffiths is Emeritus Professor at the University of Western Australia. He has published widely in the field of postcolonial literatures and literary theory. Co-editor of The Postcolonial Studies Reader, he is also co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to offer a systematic examination of the field of postcolonial studies. He has published many books and over 70 articles and chapters on literary and cultural topics with an emphasis on postcolonial writing and culture.
Helen Tiffin is Adjunct Professor at the University of Wollongong. Co-editor of The Postcolonial Studies Reader, she is also co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to offer a systematic examination of the field of postcolonial studies. She has authored or edited eight books and over 80 articles and chapters on postcolonial literatures, literary theory, and animal and environmental subjects.
Gareth Griffiths is Emeritus Professor at the University of Western Australia. He has published widely in the field of postcolonial literatures and literary theory. Co-editor of The Postcolonial Studies Reader, he is also co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to offer a systematic examination of the field of postcolonial studies. He has published many books and over 70 articles and chapters on literary and cultural topics with an emphasis on postcolonial writing and culture.
Helen Tiffin is Adjunct Professor at the University of Wollongong. Co-editor of The Postcolonial Studies Reader, she is also co-author of The Empire Writes Back, the first text to offer a systematic examination of the field of postcolonial studies. She has authored or edited eight books and over 80 articles and chapters on postcolonial literatures, literary theory, and animal and environmental subjects.
Content
List of Figures
Acknowledgments
General Introduction
Introduction to the Second Edition
Introduction to the Third Edition
PART I: Origins
Introduction
1. Thomas Macaulay
Minute on Indian Education
2. Raja Rao
Language and Spirit
3. George Lamming
The Occasion for Speaking
4. Edward W. Said
Orientalism
5. Ato Quayson
Introduction: Postcolonial Literature in a Changing Historical Frame
PART II: Issues and Debates
Introduction
6. Gayatri Spivak
Can the Subaltern Speak?
7. Homi K. Bhabha
Signs Taken for Wonders
8. Achille Mbembe and Libby Meintjes
Necropolitics
9. Ann Laura Stoler
On Degrees of Imperial Sovereignty
10. Christopher Taylor
Postcolonial Studies and the Specter of Misplaced Polemics against Postcolonial Theory: A Review of the Chibber Debate
11. Bill Ashcroft
Including China: Bei Dao, Resistance and the Imperial State
Part III: Representation and Resistance
Introduction
12. Ken Saro-Wiwa
Trial Statement
13. Helen Tiffin
Post-colonial Literatures and Counter-discourse
14. Ranajit Guha
Subaltern Studies: Projects for Our Time and Their Convergence
15. Maria do Mar Castro Varela and Carolina Tamayo Rojas
Epistemicide, Postcolonial Resistance and the State
16. Anna Bernard
Cultural Activism as Resource: Pedagogies of Resistance and Solidarity
17. Nobukhosi Ngwenya and Bettina von Lieres
Silent Citizens and Resistant Texts: Reading Hidden Narratives
PART IV: Nationalism
Introduction
18. Frantz Fanon
On National Culture
19. Partha Chatterjee
Nationalism as a Problem
20. Homi K. Bhabha
Dissemination: Time, Narrative, and the Margins of the Modern Nation
21. Timothy Brennan
The National Longing for Form
22. David Cairns and Shaun Richards
What Ish My Nation?
23. Ephraim Nimni
Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Self-Determination: A Paradigm Shift
PART V: Hybridity
Introduction
24. Edward Kamu Braithwaite
Creolization in Jamaica
25. Michael Dash
Marvellous Realism: The Way Out of Negritude
26. Homi K. Bhabha
Cultural Diversity and Cultural Differences
27. Robert Young
The Cultural Politics of Hybridity
28. Anjali Prabhu
Interrogating Hybridity
29. Deepika Bahri
Hybridity, Redux
Part VI: Indigeneity
Introduction
30. Gareth Griffiths
The Myth of Authenticity
31. Margery Fee
Who Can Write as Other?
32. Diana Brydon
Contamination as Literary Strategy
33. James Clifford
Indigenous Articulations
34. Paul Sharrad
Indigenous Transnational
35. Geoff Rodoreda
The Mabo Turn
Part VII: Race and Ethnicity
Introduction
36. Henty Louis Gates
Writing Race
37. Kwame Anthony Appiah
The Illusions of Race
38. Stuart Hall
New Ethnicities
39. Philip Gleason
Identifying Identity
40. Howard Winant
Race, Ethnicity and Social Science
41. Julian Go
Postcolonial Possibilities for the Sociology of Race
Part VIII: Whiteness
Introduction
42. Frantz Fanon
The Fact of Blackness
43. Paul Gilroy
Ain't No Black in the Union Jack
44. Richard Dyer
White
45. Toni Morrison
When Whiteness Became Ideology
46. AnnLouise Keating
Interrogating Whiteness
47. Anne Brewster
Critical Whiteness Studies
48. Mike Hill
Whiteness, Writing, and Other Ordinary Terrors
Part IX: Gender, Sexuality and Identity
Introduction
49. Chandra Talpade Mohanty
Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses
50. Kirsten Holst Petersen
First Things First: Problems of a Feminist Approach to African Literature
51. Ketu H. Katrak
Decolonizing Culture: Toward a Theory for Post-Colonial Women's Texts
52. Sara Suleri
Woman Skin Deep: Feminism and the Postcolonial Condition
53. Oyeronke Oyewumi
Colonizing Bodies and Minds
54. Golnaz Golnaraghi and Kelly Dye
Discourses of Contradiction: A Postcolonial Analysis of Muslim Women and the Veil
55. Chantal Zabus and Samir Kumar Das
Hijras, Sangomas, and Their Translects: Trans(lat)ing India and South Africa
Part X: Language
Introduction
56. Ngugi wa Thiong'o
The Language of African Literature
57. Chinua Achebe
The Politics of Language
58. Edward Kamau Brathwaite
Nation Language
59. Braj B. Kachru
The Alchemy of English
60. Bill Ashcroft
Language and Transformation
61. Nicholas G. Faraclas and Sally J. Delgado
Post-Colonial Linguistics and Post-Creole Creolistics
Part XI: Performance
Introduction
62. Reina Lewis
On Veiling, Vision and Voyage
63. Daniel L. Selden
'Our Films, their Films': Postcolonial Critique of the Cinematic Apparatus
64. Eugene Williams
"The Anancy Technique", A Gateway to Postcolonial Performance
65. Aparna Dharwadker
The Really Poor Theatre: Postcolonial Economies of Performance
66. Gareth Griffiths
"Pictures on the Wall, Music in the Air": Popular Culture Forms, Human Rights Agitation and Fiction in Africa
67. Helen Gilbert
Indigenous Festivals in the Pacific: Cultural Renewal, Decolonization and Nation-Building
Part XII: History
Introduction
68. Wilson Harris
The Limbo Gateway
69. Peter Hulme
Columbus and the Cannibals
70. Dipesh Chakrabarty
Postcoloniality and the Artifice of History
71. Ashish Nandy
History's Forgotten Doubles
72. Ato Quayson
The Sighs of History: Postcolonial Debris and the Question of (Literary) History
73. Laura Doyle
Inter-Imperiality: Dialectics in a Postcolonial World History
PART XIII: Place
Introduction
74. Jose Rabasa
Allegories of Atlas
75. Graham Huggan
Decolonizing the Map
76. Paul Carter
Naming Place
77. G. Malcolm Lewis
Indigenous Map Making
78. Bill Ashcroft
Urbanism, Mobility and Bombay: Reading the Postcolonial City
79. Gareth Griffiths
Postcolonialism and Travel Writing
Part XIV: Production and Consumption
Introduction
80. Arjun Appadurai
Commodities and the Politics of Value
81. Anne McClintock
Soft-Soaping Empire
82. Graham Huggan
Re-Evaluating the Postcolonial Exotic
83. Sarah Brouillette
Postcolonial Writers in the Global Literary Marketplace
84. Paula Morris
'The Leftovers of Empire': Commonwealth writers and the Booker Prize
85. Hayley Toth
Reading in the Global Literary Marketplace
Part XV: Diaspora, Refugees and Migration
Introduction
86. Stuart Hall
Cultural Identity and Diaspora
87. Avtah Brah
Thinking through the Concept of Diaspora
88. Ahmed Gamal
The Global and the Postcolonial in Post-Migratory Literature
89. Susan P. Mains
Commentary, Postcolonial Migrations
90. Mike Phillips
Postcolonial Endgame
91. Claire Gallien
Refugee Literature: What Postcolonial Theory Has to Say
Part XVI: Globalization
Introduction
92. Roland Robertson
Glocalization
93. Arjun Apparudai
Disjunction and Difference
94. Simon Gikandi
Globalization and the Claims of Postcoloniality
95. Ina Kerner
Postcolonial Theories as Global Critical Theories
96. Sankaran Krishna
Globalization and Postcolonialism: Hegemony and Resistance in the Twenty-First Century
Part XVII: Decoloniality
Introduction
97. Gurminder K. Bhambra
Postcolonial and Decolonial Dialogues
98. Anibal Quijano
Coloniality and Modernity/Rationality
99. Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni
Decoloniality as the Future of Africa
100. Ramon Grosfoguel
The Epistemic Decolonial Turn
101. Walter D. Mignolo
Coloniality is Far from Over, and So Must Be Decoloniality
102. Catherine Walsh
'Other' Knowledges, 'Other' Critiques: Reflections on the Politics and Practices of Philosophy and Decoloniality in the 'Other' America
Part XVIII: Environment and Climate
Introduction
103. Alfred W. Crosby
Ecological Imperialism
104. Val Plumwood
Decolonizing Relationships with Nature
105. Arundhati Roy
The Greater Common Good
105. Russell McDougall, John C. Ryan and Pauline Reynolds
Climate Change as Critical Reading Practice
107. Rob Nixon
Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor
108. Dipesh Chakrabarty
The Human and The Anthropocene
Part XIX: Animals and Speciesism
Introduction
109. Philip Armstrong
The Postcolonial Animal
110. Marjorie Spiegel
The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery
111. Erica Fudge
Animal
112. Graham Huggan and Helen Tiffin
Postcolonial Ecocriticism: Literature, Animals, Environment
113. J.M. Coetzee
The Lives of Animals
114. Freya Mathews
The Anguish of Wildlife Ethics
Part XX: Postcolonial Science
Introduction
115. Alan J. Bishop
Western Mathematics: The Secret Weapon of Cultural Imperialism
116. Warwick Anderson and Vincanne Adams
Pramoedya's Chickens: Postcolonial Studies of Technoscience
117. Derek Hook
A Critical Psychology of the Postcolonial
118. Kapil Raj
Beyond Postcolonialism . . . and Postpositivism: Circulation and the Global History of Science
119. Suman Seth
Colonial History and Postcolonial Science Studies
120. Angela Willey
A World of Materialisms: Postcolonial Feminist Science Studies and the New Natural
Part XXI: Postcolonial Sacred
Introduction
121. Gauri Viswanathan
Conversion, 'Tradition' and National Consolidation
122. Laura E. Donaldson
God, Gold, and Gender
123. William Baldridge
Reclaiming Our Histories
124. Peter van der Veer
Global Conversions
125. Rosa Vasilaki
Between Postcolonialism and Radical Historicism: The Contested Muslim Political Subject
Bibliography
Index
Acknowledgments
General Introduction
Introduction to the Second Edition
Introduction to the Third Edition
PART I: Origins
Introduction
1. Thomas Macaulay
Minute on Indian Education
2. Raja Rao
Language and Spirit
3. George Lamming
The Occasion for Speaking
4. Edward W. Said
Orientalism
5. Ato Quayson
Introduction: Postcolonial Literature in a Changing Historical Frame
PART II: Issues and Debates
Introduction
6. Gayatri Spivak
Can the Subaltern Speak?
7. Homi K. Bhabha
Signs Taken for Wonders
8. Achille Mbembe and Libby Meintjes
Necropolitics
9. Ann Laura Stoler
On Degrees of Imperial Sovereignty
10. Christopher Taylor
Postcolonial Studies and the Specter of Misplaced Polemics against Postcolonial Theory: A Review of the Chibber Debate
11. Bill Ashcroft
Including China: Bei Dao, Resistance and the Imperial State
Part III: Representation and Resistance
Introduction
12. Ken Saro-Wiwa
Trial Statement
13. Helen Tiffin
Post-colonial Literatures and Counter-discourse
14. Ranajit Guha
Subaltern Studies: Projects for Our Time and Their Convergence
15. Maria do Mar Castro Varela and Carolina Tamayo Rojas
Epistemicide, Postcolonial Resistance and the State
16. Anna Bernard
Cultural Activism as Resource: Pedagogies of Resistance and Solidarity
17. Nobukhosi Ngwenya and Bettina von Lieres
Silent Citizens and Resistant Texts: Reading Hidden Narratives
PART IV: Nationalism
Introduction
18. Frantz Fanon
On National Culture
19. Partha Chatterjee
Nationalism as a Problem
20. Homi K. Bhabha
Dissemination: Time, Narrative, and the Margins of the Modern Nation
21. Timothy Brennan
The National Longing for Form
22. David Cairns and Shaun Richards
What Ish My Nation?
23. Ephraim Nimni
Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Self-Determination: A Paradigm Shift
PART V: Hybridity
Introduction
24. Edward Kamu Braithwaite
Creolization in Jamaica
25. Michael Dash
Marvellous Realism: The Way Out of Negritude
26. Homi K. Bhabha
Cultural Diversity and Cultural Differences
27. Robert Young
The Cultural Politics of Hybridity
28. Anjali Prabhu
Interrogating Hybridity
29. Deepika Bahri
Hybridity, Redux
Part VI: Indigeneity
Introduction
30. Gareth Griffiths
The Myth of Authenticity
31. Margery Fee
Who Can Write as Other?
32. Diana Brydon
Contamination as Literary Strategy
33. James Clifford
Indigenous Articulations
34. Paul Sharrad
Indigenous Transnational
35. Geoff Rodoreda
The Mabo Turn
Part VII: Race and Ethnicity
Introduction
36. Henty Louis Gates
Writing Race
37. Kwame Anthony Appiah
The Illusions of Race
38. Stuart Hall
New Ethnicities
39. Philip Gleason
Identifying Identity
40. Howard Winant
Race, Ethnicity and Social Science
41. Julian Go
Postcolonial Possibilities for the Sociology of Race
Part VIII: Whiteness
Introduction
42. Frantz Fanon
The Fact of Blackness
43. Paul Gilroy
Ain't No Black in the Union Jack
44. Richard Dyer
White
45. Toni Morrison
When Whiteness Became Ideology
46. AnnLouise Keating
Interrogating Whiteness
47. Anne Brewster
Critical Whiteness Studies
48. Mike Hill
Whiteness, Writing, and Other Ordinary Terrors
Part IX: Gender, Sexuality and Identity
Introduction
49. Chandra Talpade Mohanty
Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses
50. Kirsten Holst Petersen
First Things First: Problems of a Feminist Approach to African Literature
51. Ketu H. Katrak
Decolonizing Culture: Toward a Theory for Post-Colonial Women's Texts
52. Sara Suleri
Woman Skin Deep: Feminism and the Postcolonial Condition
53. Oyeronke Oyewumi
Colonizing Bodies and Minds
54. Golnaz Golnaraghi and Kelly Dye
Discourses of Contradiction: A Postcolonial Analysis of Muslim Women and the Veil
55. Chantal Zabus and Samir Kumar Das
Hijras, Sangomas, and Their Translects: Trans(lat)ing India and South Africa
Part X: Language
Introduction
56. Ngugi wa Thiong'o
The Language of African Literature
57. Chinua Achebe
The Politics of Language
58. Edward Kamau Brathwaite
Nation Language
59. Braj B. Kachru
The Alchemy of English
60. Bill Ashcroft
Language and Transformation
61. Nicholas G. Faraclas and Sally J. Delgado
Post-Colonial Linguistics and Post-Creole Creolistics
Part XI: Performance
Introduction
62. Reina Lewis
On Veiling, Vision and Voyage
63. Daniel L. Selden
'Our Films, their Films': Postcolonial Critique of the Cinematic Apparatus
64. Eugene Williams
"The Anancy Technique", A Gateway to Postcolonial Performance
65. Aparna Dharwadker
The Really Poor Theatre: Postcolonial Economies of Performance
66. Gareth Griffiths
"Pictures on the Wall, Music in the Air": Popular Culture Forms, Human Rights Agitation and Fiction in Africa
67. Helen Gilbert
Indigenous Festivals in the Pacific: Cultural Renewal, Decolonization and Nation-Building
Part XII: History
Introduction
68. Wilson Harris
The Limbo Gateway
69. Peter Hulme
Columbus and the Cannibals
70. Dipesh Chakrabarty
Postcoloniality and the Artifice of History
71. Ashish Nandy
History's Forgotten Doubles
72. Ato Quayson
The Sighs of History: Postcolonial Debris and the Question of (Literary) History
73. Laura Doyle
Inter-Imperiality: Dialectics in a Postcolonial World History
PART XIII: Place
Introduction
74. Jose Rabasa
Allegories of Atlas
75. Graham Huggan
Decolonizing the Map
76. Paul Carter
Naming Place
77. G. Malcolm Lewis
Indigenous Map Making
78. Bill Ashcroft
Urbanism, Mobility and Bombay: Reading the Postcolonial City
79. Gareth Griffiths
Postcolonialism and Travel Writing
Part XIV: Production and Consumption
Introduction
80. Arjun Appadurai
Commodities and the Politics of Value
81. Anne McClintock
Soft-Soaping Empire
82. Graham Huggan
Re-Evaluating the Postcolonial Exotic
83. Sarah Brouillette
Postcolonial Writers in the Global Literary Marketplace
84. Paula Morris
'The Leftovers of Empire': Commonwealth writers and the Booker Prize
85. Hayley Toth
Reading in the Global Literary Marketplace
Part XV: Diaspora, Refugees and Migration
Introduction
86. Stuart Hall
Cultural Identity and Diaspora
87. Avtah Brah
Thinking through the Concept of Diaspora
88. Ahmed Gamal
The Global and the Postcolonial in Post-Migratory Literature
89. Susan P. Mains
Commentary, Postcolonial Migrations
90. Mike Phillips
Postcolonial Endgame
91. Claire Gallien
Refugee Literature: What Postcolonial Theory Has to Say
Part XVI: Globalization
Introduction
92. Roland Robertson
Glocalization
93. Arjun Apparudai
Disjunction and Difference
94. Simon Gikandi
Globalization and the Claims of Postcoloniality
95. Ina Kerner
Postcolonial Theories as Global Critical Theories
96. Sankaran Krishna
Globalization and Postcolonialism: Hegemony and Resistance in the Twenty-First Century
Part XVII: Decoloniality
Introduction
97. Gurminder K. Bhambra
Postcolonial and Decolonial Dialogues
98. Anibal Quijano
Coloniality and Modernity/Rationality
99. Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni
Decoloniality as the Future of Africa
100. Ramon Grosfoguel
The Epistemic Decolonial Turn
101. Walter D. Mignolo
Coloniality is Far from Over, and So Must Be Decoloniality
102. Catherine Walsh
'Other' Knowledges, 'Other' Critiques: Reflections on the Politics and Practices of Philosophy and Decoloniality in the 'Other' America
Part XVIII: Environment and Climate
Introduction
103. Alfred W. Crosby
Ecological Imperialism
104. Val Plumwood
Decolonizing Relationships with Nature
105. Arundhati Roy
The Greater Common Good
105. Russell McDougall, John C. Ryan and Pauline Reynolds
Climate Change as Critical Reading Practice
107. Rob Nixon
Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor
108. Dipesh Chakrabarty
The Human and The Anthropocene
Part XIX: Animals and Speciesism
Introduction
109. Philip Armstrong
The Postcolonial Animal
110. Marjorie Spiegel
The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery
111. Erica Fudge
Animal
112. Graham Huggan and Helen Tiffin
Postcolonial Ecocriticism: Literature, Animals, Environment
113. J.M. Coetzee
The Lives of Animals
114. Freya Mathews
The Anguish of Wildlife Ethics
Part XX: Postcolonial Science
Introduction
115. Alan J. Bishop
Western Mathematics: The Secret Weapon of Cultural Imperialism
116. Warwick Anderson and Vincanne Adams
Pramoedya's Chickens: Postcolonial Studies of Technoscience
117. Derek Hook
A Critical Psychology of the Postcolonial
118. Kapil Raj
Beyond Postcolonialism . . . and Postpositivism: Circulation and the Global History of Science
119. Suman Seth
Colonial History and Postcolonial Science Studies
120. Angela Willey
A World of Materialisms: Postcolonial Feminist Science Studies and the New Natural
Part XXI: Postcolonial Sacred
Introduction
121. Gauri Viswanathan
Conversion, 'Tradition' and National Consolidation
122. Laura E. Donaldson
God, Gold, and Gender
123. William Baldridge
Reclaiming Our Histories
124. Peter van der Veer
Global Conversions
125. Rosa Vasilaki
Between Postcolonialism and Radical Historicism: The Contested Muslim Political Subject
Bibliography
Index