Simplified Engineering for Architects and Builders

Preface to the Twelfth Edition xi Preface to the First Edition xv Introduction 1 Part I FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF STRUCTURES 9 1 Investigation of Forces, Force Systems, Loading, and Reactions 11 1.1 Properties of Forces 11 1.2 Static Equilibrium 15 1.3 Force Components and Combinations 16 1.4 Graphical Analysis of Concurrent Force Systems 21 1.5 Algebraic Analysis of Nonconcurrent Force Systems 25 1.6 Laws of Equilibrium 29 1.7 Loads and Reactive Forces 32 1.8 Load Sources 36 1.9 Load Combinations 48 1.10 Determination of Design Loads 49 1.11 Design Methods 51 2 Investigation of Axial Force Actions 55 2.1 Forces and Stresses 55 2.2 Deformation 59 2.3 Suspension Cables 65 2.4 Funicular Arches 67 2.5 Graphical Analysis of Planar Trusses 70 2.6 Algebraic Analysis of Planar Trusses 77 2.7 Cable-Stayed Structures 85 2.8 Compression Members 87 3 Investigation of Structures for Shear and Bending 92 3.1 Direct Shear Stress 92 3.2 Shear in Beams 93 3.3 Bending Moments in Beams 98 3.4 Sense of Bending in Beams 103 3.5 Tabulated Values for Beam Behavior 111 3.6 Development of Bending Resistance 115 3.7 Shear Stress in Beams 118 3.8 Continuous and Restrained Beams 123 3.9 Members Experiencing Compression Plus Bending 138 3.10 Rigid Frames 148 3.11 Buckling of Beams 157 3.12 Second-Order Analysis 3.13 Computer Software for Structural Analysis 4 Structural Systems and Planning 161 4.1 General Considerations for Structural Systems 162 4.2 Shear Wall and Diaphragm Structural System 165 4.3 Braced Frame Systems 166 4.4 Moment Frame Systems 168 4.5 Wood Construction 170 4.6 Steel Construction 176 4.7 Concrete Construction 182 Part II WOOD CONSTRUCTION 189 5 Wood Spanning Elements 191 5.1 Structural Lumber 192 5.2 Reference Design Values for Allowable Stress Design 193 5.3 Design Controls for Load and Resistance Factor Design 202 5.4 Design for Bending 204 5.5 Beam Shear 207 5.6 Bearing 208 5.7 Deflection 210 5.8 Behavior Considerations for LRFD 214 5.9 Joists and Rafters 222 5.10 Decking for Roofs and Floors 226 5.11 Plywood 227 5.12 Glued-Laminated Products 231 5.13 Wood Fiber Products 232 5.14 Assembled Wood Structural Products 233 6 Wood Columns 236 6.1 Slenderness Ratio for Columns 237 6.2 Compression Capacity of Simple Solid Columns, ASD Method 237 6.3 Column Load Capacity, LRFD Method 245 6.4 Stud Wall Construction 247 6.5 Columns with Bending 249 7 Connections for Wood Structures 258 7.1 Bolted Joints 258 7.2 Nailed Joints 260 7.3 Plywood Gussets 264 7.4 Investigation of Connections, LRFD Method 264 7.5 Formed Steel Framing Elements 265 Part III STEEL CONSTRUCTION 269 8 Steel Structural Products 271 8.1 Design Methods for Steel Structures 271 8.2 Materials for Steel Products 273 8.3 Types of Steel Structural Products 276 9 Steel Beams and Framing Elements 282 9.1 Factors in Beam Design 282 9.2 Inelastic Versus Elastic Behavior 284 9.3 Nominal Moment Capacity of Steel Beams 291 9.4 Design for Bending 299 9.5 Design of Beams for Buckling Failure 304 9.6 Shear in Steel Beams 307 9.7 Deflection of Beams 313 9.8 Safe Load Tables 322 9.9 Steel Trusses 333 9.10 Manufactured Trusses for Flat Spans 335 9.11 Decks with Steel Framing 343 9.12 Concentrated Load Effects on Beams 345 10 Steel Columns and Frames 348 10.1 Column Shapes 348 10.2 Column Slenderness and End Conditions 350 10.3 Safe Axial Loads for Steel Columns 351 10.4 Design of Steel Columns 357 10.5 Columns with Bending 368 10.6 Column Framing and Connections 372 11 Bolted Connections for Steel Structures 375 11.1 Bolted Connections 375 11.2 Design of a Bolted Connection 387 11.3 Bolted Framing Connections 393 11.4 Bolted Truss Connections 395 12 Light-Gage Formed Steel Structures 399 12.1 Light-Gage Steel Products 399 12.2 Light-Gage Steel Decks 400 12.3 Light-Gage Steel Systems 405 Part IV CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION 407 13 Reinforced Concrete Structures 409 13.1 General Considerations 409 13.2 General Application of Strength Methods 417 13.3 Beams: Ultimate Strength Method 417 13.4 Beams in Site-Cast Systems 431 13.5 Spanning Slabs 446 13.6 Shear in Beams 452 13.7 Development Length for Reinforcement 467 13.8 Deflection Control 477 14 Flat-Spanning Concrete Systems 479 14.1 Slab-and-Beam Systems 480 14.2 General Considerations for Beams 488 15 Concrete Columns and Compression Members 492 15.1 Effects of Compression Force 493 15.2 General Considerations for Concrete Columns 496 15.3 Design Methods and Aids for Concrete Columns 506 15.4 Special Considerations for Concrete Columns 515 16 Foundations 522 16.1 Shallow Bearing Foundations 522 16.2 Wall Footings 523 16.3 Column Footings 532 16.4 Pedestals 541 Part V STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS 545 17 General Considerations for Building Structures 547 17.1 Choice of Building Construction 547 17.2 Structural Design Standards 548 17.3 Structural Design Process 549 17.4 Development of Structural Systems 550 18 Building One 554 18.1 General Considerations 554 18.2 Design of the Wood Structure for Gravity Loads 555 18.3 Design for Lateral Loads 560 18.4 Alternative Steel and Masonry Structure 572 18.5 Alternative Truss Roof 578 18.6 Foundations 580 19 Building Two 583 19.1 Design for Gravity Loads 585 19.2 Design for Lateral Loads 588 19.3 Alternative Steel and Masonry Structure 590 20 Building Three 593 20.1 General Considerations 593 20.2 Structural Alternatives 597 20.3 Design of the Steel Structure 599 20.4 Alternative Floor Construction with Trusses 608 20.5 Design of the Trussed Bent for Wind 612 20.6 Considerations for a Steel Rigid Frame 617 20.7 Considerations for a Masonry Wall Structure 618 20.8 The Concrete Structure 624 20.9 Design of the Foundations 648 Appendix A: Properties of Sections 651 A.1 Centroids 651 A.2 Moment of Inertia 654 A.3 Transferring Moments of Inertia 658 A.4 Miscellaneous Properties 662 A.5 Tables of Properties of Sections 665 Glossary 686 References 697 Index 699