Student Atlas of World Geography

Table of Contents A Note to the Student_iii Introduction: How to Read an Atlas_xi Unit I_Global Physical Patterns_1 Map 1_World Political Divisions_2 Map 2_World Physical Features_4 Map 3a_Average Annual Precipitation_6 Map 3b_Seasonal Average Precipitation, November through April_7 Map 3c_Seasonal Average Precipitation, May through October_7 Map 3d_Variation in Average Annual Precipitation_8 Map 4a_Temperature Regions and Ocean Currents_9 Map 4b_Average January Temperature_10 Map 4c_Average July Temperature_10 Map 5a_Atmospheric Pressure and Predominant Surface Winds, January_11 Map 5b_Atmospheric Pressure and Predominant Surface Winds, July_12 Map 6_Climate Regions_13 Map 7_Vegetation Types_14 Map 8_Soil Orders_15 Map 9_Ecological Regions_16 Map 10_Plate Tectonics_18 Map 11_Topography_19 Map 12a_Resources: Mineral Fuels_20 Map 12b_Resources: Critical Metals_21 Map 13_Natural Hazards_22 Unit II_Global Human Patterns_23 Map 14_Past Population Distributions and Densities_24 Map 15_Population Density_26 Map 16_Land Use, A.D. 1500_27 Map 17_Economic Activities_28 Map 18_Urbanization_29 Map 19_Transportation Patterns_30 Map 20_Religions_31 Map 21_Religious Adherence_32 Map 22_Languages_33 Map 23_Linguistic Diversity_34 Map 24_Dying Languages: A Loss of Cultural Wealth_35 Map 25_External Migrations in Modern Times_36 Unit III_Global Demographic Patterns_37 Map 26_Population Growth Rates_38 Map 27_Europe's Population Bust: A Fizzle in the Population Bomb_39 Map 28a_Total Fertility Rates_40 Map 28b_Total Fertility Rates_41 Map 29_Infant Mortality Rate_42 Map 30_Child Mortality Rate_43 Map 31_Child Malnutrition_44 Map 32_Primary School Enrollment_45 Map 33_Average Life Expectancy at Birth_46 Map 34_Population by Age Group_47 Map 35_International Migrant Populations 2005_48 Map 36_World Daily Per Capita Food Supply (Kilocalories)_49 Map 37_The Earth's Hungry Millions_50 Map 38_Proportion of Daily Food Intake from Animal Products_51 Map 39_Illiteracy Rates_52 Map 40_Female/Male Inequality in Education and Employment_53 Map 41_The Global Security Threat of Infectious Diseases _54 Map 42_Global Scourges: Major Infectious Diseases _56 Map 43_Adult HIV Prevalence 2005_57 Map 44_The Index of Human Development_58 Map 45_Demographic Stress: The Youth Bulge_59 Map 46_Demographic Stress: Rapid Urban Growth_60 Map 47_Demographic Stress: Competition for Cropland_61 Map 48_Demographic Stress: Competition for Fresh Water_62 Map 49_Demographic Stress: Death in the Prime of Life_63 Map 50_Demographic Stress: Interactions of Demographic Stress Factors_64 Unit IV_Global Economic Patterns_65 Map 51_Rich and Poor Countries: Gross National Income_66 Map 52_Gross National Income Per Capita_67 Map 53_Economic Growth: GDP Change Per Capita_68 Map 54_Total Labor Force_69 Map 55_Employment by Economic Activity_70 Map 56_Economic Output Per Sector_71 Map 57_Agricultural Production Per Capita_72 Map 58_Exports of Primary Products_73 Map 59_Dependence on Trade_74 Map 60_The Indebtedness of States_75 Map 61_Global Flows of Investment Capital_76 Map 62_Central Government Expenditures Per Capita_77 Map 63_Purchasing Power Parity Per Capita_78 Map 64_Private Per Capita Consumption 2008_79 Map 65_Energy Production Per Capita_80 Map 66_Energy Consumption Per Capita_81 Map 67_Energy Dependency_82 Map 68_Flows of Oil_83 Map 69_The Cost of Consumption 2008_84 Map 70_A Wired World: Internet Users_85 Map 71_The Rise of the Personal Computer_86 Map 72_Traditional Links: The Telephone_87 Unit V_Global Patterns of Environmental Disturbance_89 Map 73_Global Air Pollution: Sources and Wind Currents_91 Map 74_The Acid Deposition Problem: Air, Water, Soil_92 Map 75_Major Polluters and Common Pollutants_93 Map 76_Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions_94 Map 77_The Earth Warms: 1976-2006_95 Map 78_Global Precipitation Changes: 1976-2006_96 Map 79_Potential Global Temperature Change_97 Map 80_Water Resources: Availability of Renewable Water Per Capita_98 Map 81_Water Resources: Annual Withdrawal Per Capita_99 Map 82_Water Stress: Shortage, Abundance, and Population Density_100 Map 83_A New Environmental Stress? Consumption of Bottled Water_101 Map 84_Pollution of the Oceans_102 Map 85_Food Supply from Marine and Freshwater Systems_103 Map 86_Cropland Per Capita: Changes 1996-2007_104 Map 87_Food Staples Under Stress: The Fight Against Genetic Simplicity_105 Map 88_The Rise in Organic Farming_106 Map 89_World Pastureland 2005_107 Map 90_Fertilizer Use 2007_108 Map 91_Annual Deforestation Rates 2000-2005_109 Map 92_World Timber Production 2005_110 Map 93_The Loss of Biodiversity: Globally Threatened Animal Species 2007_111 Map 94_Disappearing Giants: The Reduction in "Conservative" Species_112 Map 95_The Loss of Biodiversity: Globally Threatened Plant Species 2007_114 Map 96_The Areas of Greatest Loss and Hotspots of Biodiversity_115 Map 97_Nationally Protected Areas: Parks and Preserves_116 Map 98_The Risks of Desertification_117 Map 99_Global Soil Degradation_118 Map 100_The Degree of Human Disturbance_119 Map 101_The Green and Not So Green World_120 Unit VI_Global Political Patterns_121 Map 102_Political Systems_122 Map 103_Sovereign States: Duration of Independence_123 Map 104_The Emergence of the State_124 Map 105_Organized States and Chiefdoms, A.D. 1500_126 Map 106_European Colonialism 1500-2000_128 Map 107_Post-Cold War International Alliances_129 Map 108_International Conflicts in the Post-World War II World_130 Map 109_Political Realms: Regional Changes, 1945-2003_132 Map 110_The Geopolitical World at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century_133 Map 111_Democracy on the Rise_134 Map 112_Flashpoints, 2008_135 Map 113_Nations with Nuclear Weapons_150 Map 114_Military Power_151 Map 115_International Terrorist Incidents, 2000-2006_152 Map 116_Distribution of Minority Populations_154 Map 117_Marginalized Minorities: Declining Indigenous Populations_155 Map 118_The Political Geography of a Global Religion: The Islamic World_156 Map 119_World Refugee Population_157 Map 120_Women's Rights_158 Map 121_Political and Civil Liberties, 2008_159 Map 122_Abuse of Public Trust_160 Map 123_The Perception of Corruption_161 Map 124_A Decade of Risk of Civil Conflict, 2005-2015_162 Unit VII_World Regions_163 Map 125_North America: Political Divisions_165 Map 126_North America: Physical Features_166 Map 127_North America: Thematic Map 127a_Environment and Economy: The Use of Land_167 Map 127b_Population Density_168 Map 127c_Population Distribution: Clustering_168 Map 127d_Deforestation in North and Middle America_169 Map 128_Canada_170 Map 129_United States_171 Map 130_Middle America_172 Map 131_The Caribbean_173 Map 132_South America: Political Divisions_174 Map 133_South America: Physical Features_175 Map 134_South America: Thematic Map 134a_Environment and Economy_176 Map 134b_Population Density_177 Map 134c_Environmental Problems_177 Map 134d_Protection of Natural Areas_178 Map 135_Northern South America_179 Map 136_Southern South America_180 Map 137_Europe: Political Divisions_181 Map 138_Europe: Physical Features_182 Map 139_Europe: Thematic Map 139a_Environment and Economy: The Use of Land_183 Map 139b_Population Density_184 Map 139c_European Political Boundaries, 1914-1948_185 Map 139d_Political Changes, 1989-2008_187 Map 140_Western Europe_188 Map 141_Eastern Europe_189 Map 142_Northern Europe_190 Map 143_Africa: Political Divisions_191 Map 144_Africa: Physical Features_192 Map 145_Africa: Thematic Map 145a_Environment and Economy_193 Map 145b_Population Density_193 Map 145c_Colonial Patterns_194 Map 145d_African Cropland and Dryland Degradation_195 Map 146_Northern Africa_196 Map 147_Southern Africa_197 Map 148_Asia: Political Divisions_198 Map 149_Asia: Physical Features_199 Map 150_Asia: Thematic Map 150a_Environment and Economy_200 Map 150b_Population Density_201 Map 150c_Industrialization: Manufacturing and Resources_201 Map 150d_South, Southeast, and East Asian Deforestation_202 Map 151_Northern Asia_203 Map 152_Southwestern Asia_204 Map 152a_The Middle East: Territorial Changes, 1918-2004_205 Map 152b_South-Central Eurasia: An Ethnolinguistic Crazy Quilt_206 Map 153_East Asia_207 Map 154_Southeast Asia_208 Map 155_Australasia and Oceania: Political Divisions_209 Map 156_Australasia and Oceania: Physical Features_210 Map 157_Australasia: Thematic Map 157a_Environment and Economy_211 Map 157b_Population Density_212 Map 157c_Climatic Patterns_212 Map 158_The Pacific Rim_213 Map 159_The Atlantic Ocean_214 Map 160_The Indian Ocean_215 Map 161_The Arctic_216 Map 162_Antarctica_216 Unit VIII_Tables_217 Table A_World Countries: Area, Population, and Population Density, 2008_218 Table B_World Countries: Form of Government, Capital City, Ma jor Languages_223 Table C_World Countries: Basic Economic Indicators_228 Table D_World Countries: Population Growth, 1950-2025_233 Table E_World Countries: Basic Demographic Data, 1990-2006_237 Table F_World Countries: Mortality, Health, and Nutrition, 1990-2006_243 Table G_World Countries: Education and Literacy, 2003-2007_250 Table H_World Countries: Agricultural Operations, 2003-2006_260 Table I_World Countries: Deforestation and Biodiversity, 1990-2007_266 Table J_World Countries: Energy Production and Use, 1990-2005_271 Table K_World Countries: Energy Efficiency and Emission, 1990-2005_275 Table L_World Countries: Power and Transportation, 1990-2006_281 Table M_World Countries: Communication, Information, and Science and Technology, 2004-2006_286 Table N_World Countries: Freshwater Resources_296 Unit IX_Geographic Index_301 Sources_317