Fundamentals of Building Construction

Preface to the Sixth Edition xi 1 Making Buildings 3 Learning to Build 4 Buildings and the Environment 5 The Work of the Design Professional 11 The Work of the Construction Professional 19 Trends in the Delivery of Design and Construction Services 24 2 Foundations and Sitework 31 Foundation Requirements 32 Earth Materials 33 Sustainability of Foundations and the Building Site 39 Earthwork and Excavation 40 Foundations 51 Protecting Foundations from Water, Heat Flow, and Radon Gas 66 Sitework 73 Geotextiles 76 Designing Foundations 77 Foundation Design and the Building Code 78 3 Wood 83 Trees 84 Sustainability of Wood 90 Lumber 90 Wood Products 103 A Naturally Grown Structural Material 108 Plastic Lumber 110 Wood Panel Products 110 Wood Chemical Treatments 118 Wood Fasteners 120 Wood Product Adhesives and Formaldehyde 127 Prefabricated Wood Components 128 Types of Wood Construction 130 FROM CONCEPT TO REALITY 135 French American School 4 Heavy Timber Frame Construction 139 Fire-Resistive Heavy Timber Construction 142 Sustainability in Heavy Timber Construction 143 Heavy Timber in Other Construction Types 150 Lateral Bracing 152 Cross-Laminated Timber Construction 152 Accommodating Building Services 156 Wood-Concrete Composite Construction 156 Longer Spans in Heavy Timber 157 For Preliminary Design of Heavy Timber Structures 164 Heavy Timber and the Building Codes 164 Uniqueness of Heavy Timber Framing 165 5 Wood Light Frame Construction 171 History 173 Platform Frame 174 Sustainability in Wood Light Frame Construction 176 Foundations for Light Frame Structures 176 Building the Frame 184 Variations on Wood Light Frame Construction 219 For Preliminary Design of a Wood Light Frame Structure 222 Wood Light Frame Construction and the Building Codes 222 Uniqueness of Wood Light Frame Construction 224 6 Exterior Finishes for Wood Light Frame Construction 231 Protection from the Weather 232 Roofing 233 Windows and Doors 240 Paints and Coatings 244 Siding 248 Corner Boards and Exterior Trim 257 Sealing Exterior Joints 258 Sustainability of Paints and Other Architectural Coatings 260 Exterior Painting, Finish Grading, and Landscaping 260 Exterior Construction 260 7 Interior Finishes for Wood Light Frame Construction 265 Completing the Building Enclosure 273 Sustainability of Insulation Materials for Wood Light Frame Construction 282 Wall and Ceiling Finish 285 Millwork and Finish Carpentry 285 Proportioning Fireplaces 286 Proportioning Stairs 300 Flooring and Ceramic Tile Work 302 Finishing Touches 304 8 Brick Masonry 309 History 310 Mortar 313 Sustainability of Brick Masonry 316 Brick Masonry 316 Masonry Wall Construction 339 9 Stone and Concrete Masonry 349 Stone Masonry 350 Sustainability in Stone and Concrete Masonry 362 Concrete Masonry 370 Other Types of Masonry Units 381 Masonry Wall Construction 382 10 Masonry Wall Construction 387 Types of Masonry Walls 388 For Preliminary Design of a Loadbearing Masonry Structure 396 Spanning Systems for Masonry Bearing Wall Construction 396 Detailing Masonry Walls 400 Some Special Problems of Masonry Construction 406 Movement Joints in Buildings 408 Masonry Paving 414 Masonry and the Building Codes 415 Uniqueness of Masonry 415 11 Steel Frame Construction 421 History 422 The Material Steel 424 For Preliminary Design of a Steel Structure 427 Joining Steel Members 435 Details of Steel Framing 441 The Construction Process 451 Fire Protection of Steel Framing 468 Longer Spans and High-Capacity Columns in Steel 473 Fabric Structures 482 Industrialized Systems in Steel 486 Sustainability in Steel Frame Construction 487 Steel and the Building Codes 488 Uniqueness of Steel 488 12 Light Gauge Steel Frame Construction 499 The Concept of Light Gauge Steel Construction 500 Sustainability in Light Gauge Steel Framing 501 Light Gauge Steel Framing 502 Other Uses of Light Gauge Steel Framing 511 For Preliminary Design of a Light Gauge Steel Frame Structure 513 Insulating Light Gauge Steel Frame Structures 513 Advantages and Disadvantages of Steel Framing 514 Light Gauge Steel Framing and the Building Codes 514 Finishes for Light Gauge Steel Framing 514 Metals in Architecture 516 FROM CONCEPT TO REALITY 522 Camera Obscura at Mitchell Park, Greenport, New York 13 Concrete Construction 527 History 528 Cement and Concrete 529 Sustainability in Concrete Construction 532 Making and Placing Concrete 535 Formwork 540 Reinforcing 541 Concrete Creep 555 Prestressing 555 ACI 301 560 Innovations in Concrete Construction 560 14 Sitecast Concrete Framing Systems 565 Casting a Concrete Slab on Grade 567 Casting a Concrete Wall 571 Casting a Concrete Column 577 One-Way Floor and Roof Framing Systems 578 Two-Way Floor and Roof Framing Systems 587 Other Uses of Sitecast Concrete 592 Sitecast Posttensioned Framing Systems 592 Selecting a Sitecast Concrete Framing System 594 Innovations in Sitecast Concrete Construction 594 For Preliminary Design of a Sitecast Concrete Structure 597 Architectural Concrete 600 Cutting Concrete, Stone, and Masonry 604 Longer Spans in Sitecast Concrete 608 Designing Economical Sitecast Concrete Buildings 611 Sitecast Concrete and the Building Codes 611 Uniqueness of Sitecast Concrete 612 15 Precast Concrete Framing Systems 621 Precast, Prestressed Concrete Structural Elements 624 For Preliminary Design of a Precast Concrete Structure 625 Assembly Concepts for Precast Concrete Buildings 626 Manufacture of Precast Concrete Structural Elements 627 Joining Precast Concrete Members 633 Fastening to Concrete 634 Composite Precast/Sitecast Concrete Construction 647 The Construction Process 647 Sustainability in Precast Concrete Construction 648 Precast Concrete and the Building Codes 649 Uniqueness of Precast Concrete 649 16 Roofing 661 Low-Slope Roofs 663 Building Enclosure Essentials: Thermal Insulation and Vapor Retarder 668 Steep Roofs 688 Sustainability in Roofing 702 Cool Roofs 702 Green Roofs 705 Photovoltaic Systems 706 Roofing and the Building Codes 707 Building Enclosure Essentials: Dissimilar Metals and the Galvanic Series 708 17 Glass and Glazing 717 History 718 The Material Glass 720 Sustainability of Glass 722 Glazing 734 Glass and Energy 744 Glass and the Building Codes 747 FROM CONCEPT TO REALITY 750 Skating Rink at Yerba Buena Gardens 18 Windows and Doors 755 Windows 756 Plastics in Building Construction 766 Sustainability of Windows and Doors 777 Doors 777 Other Window and Door Requirements 783 19 Designing Exterior Wall Systems 791 Design Requirements for the Exterior Wall 792 Sustainability of Exterior Wall Systems 797 Conceptual Approaches to Watertightness in the Exterior Wall 798 Sealing Joints in the Exterior Wall 803 Loadbearing Walls and Curtain Walls 807 Building Enclosure Essentials: Air Barrier 808 The Exterior Wall and the Building Codes 812 20 Cladding with Masonry and Concrete 817 Masonry Veneer Curtain Walls 818 Stone Curtain Walls 825 Precast Concrete Curtain Walls 830 Exterior Insulation and Finish System 836 Keeping Water Out with Masonry and Concrete Cladding 840 FROM CONCEPT TO REALITY 842 Seattle University School of Law 21 Cladding with Metal and Glass 847 Aluminum Extrusions 848 Sustainability of Aluminum Cladding Components 852 Aluminum and Glass Framing Systems 854 Double-Skin Facades 868 Sloped Glazing 869 The Curtain Wall Design and Construction Process 869 Metal Panel Cladding 871 22 Selecting Interior Finishes 877 Installation of Mechanical and Electrical Services 878 The Sequence of Interior Finishing Operations 880 Sustainability of Interior Finishes 882 Selecting Interior Finishes 883 Trends in Interior Finish Systems 888 23 Interior Walls and Partitions 891 Types of Interior Walls 892 Framed Partition Systems 893 Sustainability of Gypsum Products 898 Plaster Ornament 910 Masonry Partition Systems 924 Wall and Partition Facings 924 24 Finish Ceilings and Floors 931 Finish Ceilings 932 Types of Ceilings 932 Sustainability of Finish Ceilings and Floors 943 Finish Flooring 944 Types of Finish Flooring Materials 948 Flooring Thickness 961 Appendix 966 Glossary 968 Index 999