Researches in European Private Law and Beyond

Name: Researches in European Private Law and Beyond | Contributions in Honour of Reiner Schulze's Seventieth Birthday
Brand: Nomos
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Contributions in Honour of Reiner Schulze's Seventieth Birthday

André Janssen Hans Schulte-Nölke(Herausgeber*in)

Nomos (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 11. Februar 2020

414 Seiten

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Cover
Part 1: Reiner Schulze: a Truly European Scholar
Reiner Schulze, Zeuge und Schöpfer einer modernen europäischen Rechtskultur
I. Ein Jurist, der sich der Entwicklung des europäischen Privatrechts, sowie dem kulturellen Austausch mit Kollegen anderer Länder widmet
II. Rechtsgeschichte und Rechtsvergleichung - die wissenschaftliche Methode des Reiner Schulze für die Harmonisierung des europäischen Privatrechts
III. Wandel von der nationalen zu einer europäischen Rechtskultur: Der Einfluss des Softlaw
IV. Der Beitrag von Reiner Schulze in den Arbeitsgruppen für die Ausarbeitung eines europäischen Privatrechts und für den Erfolg der ZEuP
V. Die Entwicklung der nationalen Rechtsordnungen unter dem Einfluss der europäischen Gesetzgebung
VI. Die Rolle der Generalklauseln im Harmonisierungsprozess des europäischen Vertragsrechts
VII. Entwicklung des europäischen Privatrechts und Schutz der Person
VIII. Die Notwendigkeit der Ausbildung von europäischen Juristen im Lichte der europäischen Rechtskultur
Part 2: Researches in European Private Law .
Towards New Horizons: Commenting and Codifying European Business Law
I. Introduction
1. A Restless Quest for Further Integration Through Private Law
2. Why Business Law?
II. The Projects
1. International and European Business Law Commentary
2. The European Business Code
III. Problem Areas
1. Delimitation Between Business and Consumer Law
2. Place of General Contract Law
3. Competence, Proportionality and Subsidiarity
IV. Conclusion
The Amended Proposal COM (2017) 637: a 'New' European Sales Law?
I. Begrüßung
II. Short 'story' of the Amended Proposal
III. Amended Proposal & CESL
1. Subjective scope
2. Objective scope
3. The 'optional instrument'
IV. Amended Proposal & Dir. 1999/44
1. The hierarchy of remedies against the lack of conformity
2. The duration of the legal guarantees
3. The time limit for the notice
4. The presumption of pre-existence of the lack of conformity
V. Amended Proposal & EU Parlament (& EU Council)
VI. Grundfragen of maximal harmonization: the citizen-consumer, the European jurist and the challenge of non-harmonised national law
1. First Grundfrage: is the consumer still a cives or a Bürger under the allgemeiner Teil?
2. Second Grundfrage: who is supposed to act on pre-existing non-harmonised law?
Towards a European Private Law of the Digital Economy? - Trends
I. Introduction
II. Some Major Trends in the Relationship between the Digital Economy and Private Law
1. Data as Counter-performance
2. New Dependencies in the Digital Economy
a) Data Access and Data Sharing between Data-Haves and Data-Have-Nots
b) Platforms
c) Cloud
d) How Could a Regulatory Solution be Designed?
aa) General Approach
bb) Data Access Right on FRAND Basis
cc) Rules on Fairness Control of Business-to-Business (B2B) Contracts adapted to the Digital Economy
III. Some final words
Safety Expectations as the Basis of Product Liability
I. Working out the defectiveness standard
II. The high water mark of legitimate expectations? A v National Blood Authority
III. Challenging the usefulness of the legitimate expectations test
IV. Challenging the harmful characteristic approach
V. Challenging the restriction on relevant circumstances
1. Risk:benefit, avoidability and cost
2. Role of learned intermediaries
3. Compliance with standards and regulations
VI. Defeating expectations of safety - the pivotal role of warnings
VII. Conclusions
Machine Learning and European Product Liability
I. Introduction
II. AI Algorithms and Machine Learning
III. The Current European Framework and the Strategy for the Future
IV. The Product Liability Directive of 1985: An outdated piece of legislation
V. Some Proposals for Possible Amendments
1. The Development Risk Defence
2. How to Discover a Defect in the Design
3. A Duty to 'Observe' the Product
VI. Conclusive Remarks
Unfair Contracts in European Contract Law
I. Contractual freedom as a main principle of contract law
II. The freedom of contract in European law
III. The protection of the weaker party by means of mandatory rules
IV. Control of standard terms of business
V. Pre-contractual duties and effective party autonomy
VI. General clauses as a limit to freedom of contract: abusive conducts and unfair contracts in the framework of § 138 BGB
VII. Other rules regarding cases of abuse in private autonomy
IIX. Broadening the area of vitiated consent
The Dialogue Between Courts Concerning Directive 93/13 with Special Regard to the Default Interest Terms
I. Introduction
II. Interest on arrears in consumer loans and mortgages
1. Some facts
2. The Aziz judgment and the Spanish case law mishmash
3. The legislature intervenes and creates confusion: if the interest is legal, can it be unfair?
4. Towards legal certainty
a) The Supreme Court of Spain's new assessment criteria
b) This case law's questionable opportunity
aa) What is the parties' hypothetical will?
bb) What if there is an imbalance but legal default interest is not high?
cc) Ordinary interest is a malleable benchmark
dd) Tension arises between the mandatory rule and the control of unfairness
ee) More food for thought at CJEU level
III. The consequences of declaring default interest terms unfair
1. Unfair default interest terms are invalid and cannot be moderated
2. Moreover, the default law is not applied to close the gap
IV. A new Supreme Court of Spain doctrine regarding default interest
V. The CJEU judgment of 7 August 2018, C-96/16 and C-94/17, Banco Santander / Banco de Sabadell
1. In consumers' favour: judge-made criteria is as binding as a legal black list
2. In banking's favour: the courts must only stop applying the unfair term
VI. What conclusions can be drawn from this fruitful dialogue between courts?
The Contracting Parties' Choice of European Soft Law: Its Validity and Limits
I. The PECL and their functions
II. The legal nature of soft law instruments
III. The impact of the PECL (and PICC) on national laws of Member States
IV. The impact of the PECL (and PICC) on the European Union's law
V. The freedom of a contracting parties to choose PECL as the law applicable to their contract
VI. The mandatory limits to the contracting parties' freedom of choice
Court of Justice 'light' - The Procedural Choices of the Court and Their Impact on the Quality of Private Law Decisions -
I. The formations of the Court of Justice
II. The Advocates-General
III. First example: Forum selection agreements
IV. Second example: Director's liability in insolvency
V. The third example: Prescription of air passengers' claims
VI. Conclusion
Legal Translation Within the EU and the Shift of National Legal Paradigms
I. First translation level: what happens inside any National Legal System
II. Second translation level: what happens in the EU Legal Translation Enterprise
1. The EU Law-Making Process: how it "ought to be" along the Treaties .
2. . and how "it is"
a) First Linguistic & Terminological Check-Point: Commission's Legal Revisers Group
b) Second Check-Point: DG Translation
c) Third Check-Point: Parliament and Council's Lawyer-Linguists
d) Fourth Check-Point: Council's Language Service of the General Secretariat
3. Translation within the EU Law-Making Process
4. Approximate Equivalence And Implicit Meanings
5. Expectation bias
6. Collective agency bias
7. Abandoning perfect equivalence
III. Third translation level: The "Exchange relation" in situations of contact between interrelated cultures
1. Impact of EU legislation on national legal systems
2. 'Two mothers' within the Italian legal system
a) Being 'mother' in case law
b) Being 'mother' in public documents
3. 'Son of' (two mothers or two fathers) within the Italian legal system
IV. Conclusion
V. Epilogue
Part 3: . and Beyond: Researches in International Uniform Law, International Private Law, Comparative Law, Legal History, and other Areas of Law
The Quest for Uniform Laws
Prologue
I. Introduction
II. Uniformity and Diversity
1. European and national laws: Synergistic relationship
2. Hard and soft law: Contracts
a) Soft law as hard law and hard law as soft law
b) Soft law and its prescriptive dimension
III. Efficiency and Sovereignty
1. View of law harmonization: Political and economic perspectives
2. Public-Private law distinction
IV. Quest and Futility
1. Hard and soft law again
2. Story of the Uniform Commercial Code
V. What is Uniformity of Law?
1. Success of the European Union
2. European private law as competitive advantage
VI. Concluding Remarks
CISG und Europäisches Privatrecht
I. Zueignung
II. CISG
III. CISG und europäisches Kaufrecht
1. Verbrauchsgüterkaufrichtlinie und ihre Neuregelung
a) Allgemeines
b) Übereinstimmung in der Grundstruktur
c) Auslegung
c) "Verbrauchsgüter" und "Waren"
d) Ausgeschlossene Gegenstände
e) Fehlerbegriff
f) Rechtsbehelfe
g) Bewertung
2. CESL
3. Richtlinien für den digitalen Kauf
IV. CISG und weiteres Europäisches Privatrecht
1. Reiserecht
2. Sonstiges Verbraucherrecht
3. Einfluss auf Soft Law
V. Folgerungen
Towards an Optimal Conflict Rule for Assignment
I. Introduction
II. Advantages of party autonomy
III. Party autonomy and property law
1. Substantive issues
2. Notification
3. Protection of bona fide assignees
4. Prohibition of security assignments
IV. Third-party effects
1. Meaning of 'third-party effects'
2. Proprietary effects and third-party effects of assignment
3. Priority
4. Public filing
5. Interim conclusion
V. Party autonomy in the single market
VI. Party Autonomy in the Commission Proposal
VII. Example
IIX. Conclusion
Recognition of Civil Status (Certificates), with Special Attention to Secondary Recognition of Documents Already Recognized in Another Member State
I. Introduction
II. The four dimensions of recognition
III. Recognition of authenticity
IV. Understanding the language: are translations required?
V. Difficulties concerning the facts
VI. The recognition of the content (legal effects)
VII. Attention needed for secondary recognition
VIII. Concluding remarks
Die Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung für die deutsche Zivilrechtslandschaft im 21. Jahrhundert
I. Einleitung
II. Entstehung der Rechtsvergleichung in Deutschland
III. Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung im Studium
IV. Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung in der deutschen Forschung
V. Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung in der deutschen Rechtsberatungslandschaft
VI. Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung für die deutsche Gesetzgebung
1. Ausländische Rechtsordnungen
2. Internationales Einheitsrecht
3. Soft Law-Instrumente
VII. Bedeutung der Rechtsvergleichung für die Gesetzesauslegung durch die Gerichte
1. Auslegung nationalen Rechts
a. Zulässigkeit der Rechtsvergleichung bei der Auslegung nationalen Rechts
b. Status quo der Rechtsvergleichung bei der Auslegung nationalen Zivilrechts
2. Internationales Einheitsrecht
VIII. Schluss
"Unser Privatrecht wird sozialer sein, oder es wird nicht sein"
I. Die soziale Aufgabe des Privatrechts
II. Die soziale Aufgabe des Privatrechts und das europäische Privatrecht
III. Die Wirkung des Leitgedankens "Unser Privatrecht wird sozialer sein, oder es wird nicht sein" in den Niederlanden
IV. Die soziale Aufgabe des Privatrechts und das neue niederländische Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch (1992)
V. Schlussbetrachtungen
Les codifications nationales comme appel au dialogue. Illustrations centrées sur le rôle de la rétroactivité dans le projet de réforme du droit belge des obligations
I. Introduction
II. La condition suspensive ou résolutoire
III. La nullité
IV. La résolution pour inexécution
V. Conclusion
Civil Liability in the Criminal Code: a Spanish Peculiarity
I. Non-contractual civil liability in the Civil Code
II. Ex delicto civil liability
III. Effects of its regulation in the Criminal Code
IV. The weight of historical tradition
V. Criminal Code of 1822
VI. Criminal Code of 1848
VII. Criminal Code of 1870
VIII. Epilogue
Towards a European Culture of Legal Clinics: Transplanting the American Clinical Model
I. Introduction
1. Methodology (C. Amato)
2. Legal Context (E. Poillot)
II. A Relative Challenge: Implementing the Didactic Methods (C. Amato)
1. Academic Teaching Between Theory and Praxis
2. From a Dogmatic to a Problematic Approach: Clinical Teaching in Action
III. A Real Challenge: Contextualising the American Legacy (E. Poillot)
1. The Distinctive Social Features of European Clinics
2. The Distinctive Academic Features of European Clinics
IV. Final Remarks (E. Poillot)
Author Index

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