Space in Languages

Name: Space in Languages | Linguistic Systems and Cognitive Categories
Brand: John Benjamins Publishing Company
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Linguistic Systems and Cognitive Categories

Maya Hickmann Stéphane Robert(Herausgeber*in)

John Benjamins Publishing Company

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Erschienen am 16. Mai 2006

X, 362 Seiten

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Inhalt

Space in Languages
Editorial page
Title page
LCC data
Table of contents
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Space, language, and cognition
1. Why space?
2. Overview of book contents
Universals, variability, and change
The nature and uses of space in experience and in discourse
Space, language, and cognition
3. Concluding remarks
References
I. Typology of linguistic systems: Universals, variability, and change
Encoding the distinction between location, source and destination
1. Introduction
2. The situation in European languages
3. The question of typological generalizations
4. Systems of spatial adpositions or case affixes that do not mark the distinction between localization, source, and destination
5. Conclusion
Abbreviations
References
The expression of static location in a typological perspective
1. Goal and outline
2. The framework
2.1. About functional typological linguistics
2.2. Some notions from the literature on space
2.3. Basic Locative Constructions
2.4. Looking beyond
3. About locative predicates in Amerindian languages
3.1. Inventory of forms found in Basic Locative Constructions
3.2. Posture verbs
3.3. The case of Kwakwala: Larger set of ``stems of location''
3.4. Positionals
3.5. Conclusion
4. Satellites in Basic Locative Constructions
4.1. A field study of Basic Locative Constructions in Jakaltek Popti' (Mayan)
4.2. The existential copula
4.3. Inventory of Jakaltek-Popti' directionals
4.4. Basic Locative Constructions in Jakaltek Popti'
4.5. Same morphological material, different Basic Locative Constructions
5. Beyond Basic Locative Construction
5.1. Posture verbs in grammar and discourse
5.2. About positionals in Tzeltalan (Mayan) languages
5.3. About directionals in Q'anjob'alan (Mayan) languages
6. Conclusions
References
What makes manner of motion salient?
Manner expression and typologies of lexicalization patterns
A revised typology
Typology and manner salience
Semantic constraints and processing load
Lexical and morphemic availability
Assessing manner salience
Language use
Size and diversity of manner-verb lexicon
Cognitive consequences: Typological influences on mental imagery, memory, and attention
Mental imagery
Attention and memory
Attention and learning
Beyond typologies of lexicalization patterns
Ideophones
Posture verbs
Conclusion
References
The semantic structure of motion verbs in French
1. Introduction
2. The typological framework
3. The satellite-framed pattern in French
3.1. French verbal prefixes as path satellites
3.2. The role of prefixes in the expression of motion
3.3. The variety of lexicalization patterns
4. The productivity of the satellite-framed pattern in French
4.1. The cline of morphological productivity
4.2. The cline of semantic transparency
5. The typological hybridization of French
6. Conclusion
References
From personal deixis to spatial deixis
1. The aim of this study
1.1. Evolution in the meaning of demonstratives
1.2. The semantic and morphological evolution of French demonstratives from Latin to Modern French
1.3. The different stages of our demonstration
2. The starting point: Latin
2.1. From the personal deictic to the anaphoric deictic in Latin
2.2. The `re-deictization' of Latin and Romance demonstratives
3. Demonstratives in Old French
3.1. The speaker's sphere: a pragmatic interpretation of deixis (9th-12th century)
3.2. Oppositions in meanings between CIST and CIL
3.3. Changes in Old French: The evolution of the `subjective' value to the `spatial' value (12th century)
3.4. The oldest contexts favorable to change
3.5. The birth of the `discursive deictic' in French
4. Conclusion: A semantic chain of evolution from `person' to `space'? Or a diachronic semantic cycle?
References: Latin and Old French Texts
References
Motion events in Chinese
Introduction
1. Talmy's dichotomy
2. Talmy's model revised: Slobin's trichotomy
3. Contemporary Chinese
4. Archaic Chinese (Classical Chinese)
5. Late Han - Six Dynasties period (1st-6th c. AD)
6. Late Medieval (Tang-Song times), 7th-13th c.
7. Conclusion
References
II. The nature and uses of space in language and discourse
Are there spatial prepositions?
Introduction
1. Relationship between dynamic, kinetic and static
2. Typology of states and actions in space
2.1. No dynamic exchange/static situations
2.2. No dynamic exchange/kinetic situations
2.3. Dynamic exchange/static situations
2.4. Dynamic exchange/kinetic situations
3. From spatial uses of prepositions to their whole distribution
3.1. Complex primitives
3.2. Logical diachrony
References
Deictic space in Wolof
Introduction
1. Deixis in noun modifiers
1.1. The article: Definiteness and localization
1.2. The morpheme (-u): Spatial indeterminacy and syntactic dependency
1.3. From connective to relative clause and interrogation
1.4. Relative pronoun: From indefinite to definite
1.5. From space to time and to discursive space
2. Changing scale: Deixis in predication and in temporal subordinate clauses
2.1. Deixis and predication: Presence and absence, current events and negation
2.2. Temporal and hypothetical subordinate clauses
3. The pivotal role of the speech situation in language
3.1. The semantics of the deictic suffixes
3.2. Deixis and the pivotal role of situation of utterance in language
3.3. The role and syntax of absence (and the syntactic scope of -u)
Conclusion
Abbreviations
References
The semantics of the motion verbs
Introduction
1. The concept of motion verbs
2. Two theoretical frameworks
3. Towards a perceptive and praxeologic model
4. ``Constitution dynamics''
4.1. Back to motion verbs
4.2. The case of `monter' and subjectivation
4.3. The inergative/inaccusative distinction
Conclusion
References
The representation of spatial structure in spoken and signed language1
1. Introduction
2. Fundamental space-structuring elements and categories in spoken language
2.1. The target of analysis
2.2. Determining the elements and categories
2.3. Sample categories and their member elements
2.4. Properties of the inventory
2.5. Basic elements assembled into whole schemas
2.6. Properties and processes applying to whole spatial schemas
3. Spatial structuring in signed language
3.1. In the inventory
3.2. In the expression
4. Cognitive implications of spoken / signed language differences
4.1. Where signed and spoken language are alike
4.2. Where spoken and signed language differ
4.3. A new neural model
References
Iconicity and space in French Sign Language
Introduction
1. Proforms and transfers, rather than classifiers
1.1. A break with the traditional ``classifiers''
1.2. Proforms and transfers
1.3. Examples of proforms in different contexts
2. Spatialisation constraints and narrative strategies
2.1. Figure and ground theory with transfers
2.2. Analysis of LSF narratives
3. Diagrammatic iconicity in the expression of space and time
3.1. Diagrammatic iconicity
3.2. Analysis of a sequence in LSF dealing with space and time
3.3. Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
III. Space, language, and cognition
On the very idea of a frame of reference1
Introduction
1. Generalizations of Molyneux's Question
2. Three kinds of frames of reference
3. The case of Tzeltal
4. A reconstruction of the neo-Whorfian argument
5. Four differences between perceptual and linguistic spatial representations
6. Perception and frames of reference
6.1. Intrinsic frames of reference
6.2. Absolute frames of reference
6.3. Relative frames of reference
7. Implicit frames of reference
8. The cross-modal flow of information
9. Conclusion
References
The relativity of motion in first language acquisition
Introduction
1. Space in adult and child languages
1.1. Universals and linguistic relativity
1.2. Space in child language
2. Voluntary motion in French and in English
2.1. Method
2.2. Coding
2.3. Results
3. Discussion
3.1. Manner and path across child languages
3.2. Discourse factors and event properties
3.3. Lexicalization in French
3.4. Joint vs. disjoint information
3.5. General developmental changes
4. Concluding remarks
Acknowledgments
References
APPENDIX Up/down-targets in study 1
Spatial language and spatial representation
Introduction
1. Spatial language: What is to be acquired and how might it break down?
2. Previous findings and the Competence/Performance distinction
3. Sparing and deficit in two domains of spatial language
3.1. Case 1: The language of dynamic spatial events
3.2. Case 2: The language of static spatial relationships
4. Conclusions
References
Deficits in the spatial discourse of Alzheimer patients
Introduction
Study 1 - The production of route directions
Study 2 - The description of urban scenes
Study 3 - The production of route directions from maps or from memory
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Author index
Language index
Subject index
The series Typological Studies in Language

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