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Understanding Symmetrical Components for Power System Modeling

J. C. Das(Autor*in)
Wiley-IEEE Press
Erschienen am 8. Dezember 2016
184 Seiten
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978-1-119-22687-1 (ISBN)
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An essential guide to studying symmetrical component theory
* Provides concise treatment of symmetrical components
* Describes major sequence models of power system components
* Discusses Electromagnetic Transient Program (EMTP) models
* Includes worked examples to illustrate the complexity of calculations, followed by matrix methods of solution which have been adopted for calculations on digital computers
J.C. Das is President, Power System Studies, Inc. Snellville, Georgia. He is an independent consultant, currently with AMEC Foster Wheeler, Inc., a leading supplier of high-value consultancy, engineering, and project management services to the world's energy, power, and process industries. He is the author of IEEE Press titles Power System Harmonics and Passive Filter Designs (2015) and Arc Flash Hazard Analysis and Mitigation (2012).
  • Intro
  • UNDERSTANDING SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS FOR POWER SYSTEM MODELING
  • Contents
  • About the Author
  • Foreword
  • Preface and Acknowledgments
  • 1 Symmetrical Components Using Matrix Methods
  • 1.1 Transformations
  • 1.2 Characteristic Roots, Eigenvalues, and Eigenvectors
  • 1.2.1 Definitions
  • 1.3 Diagonalization of a Matrix
  • 1.4 Similarity Transformation
  • 1.5 Decoupling a Three-Phase Symmetrical System
  • 1.6 Symmetrical Component Transformation
  • 1.7 Decoupling a Three-Phase Unsymmetrical System
  • 1.8 Clarke Component Transformation
  • 1.9 Significance of Selection of Eigenvectors in Symmetrical Components
  • References
  • 2 Fundamental Concepts of Symmetrical Components
  • 2.1 Characteristics of Symmetrical Components
  • 2.2 Characteristics of Sequence Networks
  • 2.3 Sequence Impedance of Network Components
  • 2.4 Construction of Sequence Networks
  • 2.5 Sequence Components of Transformers
  • 2.5.1 Delta-Wye or Wye-Delta Transformer
  • 2.5.2 Wye-Wye Transformer
  • 2.5.3 Delta-Delta Transformer
  • 2.5.4 Zigzag Transformer
  • 2.5.5 Three-Winding Transformers
  • 2.6 Example of Construction of Sequence Networks
  • References
  • 3 Symmetrical Components-Transmission Lines and Cables
  • 3.1 Impedance Matrix of Three-Phase Symmetrical Line
  • 3.2 Three-Phase Line with Ground Conductors
  • 3.3 Bundle Conductors
  • 3.4 Carsons Formula
  • 3.4.1 Approximations to Carsons Equations
  • 3.5 Capacitance of Lines
  • 3.5.1 Capacitance Matrix
  • 3.6 Cable Constants
  • 3.6.1 Zero Sequence Impedance of the OH lines and Cables
  • 3.6.2 Concentric Neutral Underground Cable
  • 3.6.3 Capacitance of Cables
  • 3.7 EMTP Models
  • 3.7.1 Frequency Dependent Model, FD
  • 3.8 Effect of Harmonics on Line Models
  • 3.9 Transmission Line Equations with Harmonics
  • References
  • 4 Sequence Impedances of Rotating Equipment and Static Load
  • 4.1 Synchronous Generators
  • 4.1.1 Positive Sequence Impedance
  • 4.1.2 Negative Sequence Impedance
  • 4.1.3 Negative Sequence Capability of Generators
  • 4.1.4 Zero Sequence Impedance
  • 4.1.5 Sequence Component Transformation
  • 4.1.6 Three-Phase Short-Circuit of a Generator
  • 4.1.7 Parks Transformation
  • 4.2 Induction Motors
  • 4.2.1 Equivalent Circuit
  • 4.2.2 Negative Sequence Impedance
  • 4.2.3 Harmonic Impedances
  • 4.2.4 Zero Sequence Impedance
  • 4.2.5 Terminal Short-Circuit of an Induction Motor
  • 4.3 Static Loads
  • 4.4 Harmonics and Sequence Components
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • 5 Three-Phase Models of Transformers and Conductors
  • 5.1 Three-Phase Models
  • 5.2 Three-Phase Transformer Models
  • 5.2.1 Symmetrical Components of Three-Phase Transformers
  • 5.3 Conductors
  • References
  • 6 Unsymmetrical Fault Calculations
  • 6.1 Line-to-Ground Fault
  • 6.2 Line-to-Line Fault
  • 6.3 Double Line-to-Ground Fault
  • 6.4 Three-Phase Fault
  • 6.5 Phase Shift in Three-Phase Transformer Windings
  • 6.5.1 Transformer Connections
  • 6.5.2 Phase Shifts in Winding as per Standards
  • 6.5.3 Phase Shift for Negative Sequence Components
  • 6.6 Unsymmetrical Long Hand Fault Calculations
  • 6.7 Open Conductor Faults
  • 6.7.1 Two Conductor Open Fault
  • 6.7.2 One Conductor Open Fault
  • 6.8 Short-Circuit Calculations with Bus Impedance Matrix
  • 6.8.1 Line-to-Ground Fault
  • 6.8.2 Line-to-Line Fault
  • 6.8.3 Double Line-to-Ground Fault
  • 6.8.4 Calculation Procedure
  • 6.9 System Grounding
  • 6.9.1 Solidly Grounded Systems
  • 6.9.2 Resistance Grounded Systems
  • 6.9.3 High-Resistance Grounded Systems
  • 6.9.4 Coefficient of Grounding
  • References
  • Further Reading
  • 7 Some Limitations of Symmetrical Components
  • 7.1 Phase Coordinate Method
  • 7.2 Three-Phase Models
  • 7.2.1 Generators
  • 7.2.2 Generator Model for Cogeneration
  • 7.2.3 Load Models
  • 7.3 Multiple Grounded Systems
  • 7.3.1 Equivalent Circuit of Multiple Grounded Systems
  • 7.3.2 Equivalent Circuit Approach
  • References
  • Index
  • IEEE Press Serieson Power Engineering
  • EULA

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