Part 1 Personality factors: temperamental foundation of affective disorders; role performance, identity structure and psychosis in melancholic and manic-depressive patients; importance of premorbid personality for the pathogenesis of depression; "melancholic" and "manic" types of personality as premorbid structure in affective disorders. Part 2 Risk and course: unipolar and bipolar disorder - premorbid personality in patients and in community samples; stress, families and the risk for depression; intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms - gender and developmental considerations; psychopathological, psychosocial and biological factors in acute depression. Part 3 Social support: onset and course of depressive disorders - summary of a research programme; gender differences in the role of interpersonal dependency in depression. Part 4 Marital and family interaction: family factors related to the course and outcome of bipolar disorder; family risk indications in the course of bipolar affective disorder; impact of parental depression on young children and infants; expressed emotion and marital interaction in endogenous depressives; marital interaction in couples with a depressed or schizophrenic patient; expressed emotion in families of a sample of Egyptian depressives. Part 5 Intervention: mood disorders - update on prevention of recurrence; the NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Programme; cognitive behaviour therapy versus pharmacotherapy in depression; role of marital therapy in the treatment of depression - current data-base limitations.
