Sect. 1. 247 We have already stated that the subject of ionic conductivity can be properly regarded as one part of the wider study of imperfections, and it is on account of the coherence and unity of this wider subject that ionic conductors acquire their interest [4J. Thus the ideas of mobile interstitial atoms and vacant lattice sites are relevant to a wide range of phenomena; for example diffusion in solidsl, chemical reactions between two solids and between asolid and agas (e. g. tarnish- 3 ing reactions) 2, and annealing of radiation damage . There are, of course, imper- fections such as dislocations whose properties cannot be studied to any great extent through ionic conductivity measurements. However the existence of charges on the ions and the absence of electronic conduction enables the pro- perties and concentration of the simple localised lattice defects to be studied with greater certainty and more directness than is possible in, say, metals. This is true of the original development of the theory of lattice defects by FRENKEL [2J, SCHOTTKY [3J, [5J and WAGNER [5J, and is also true at the present time. Two examples may be mentioned.
Firstly the diffusion of impurity atoms in met als may sometimes involve the formation of relatively stable pairs formed from an impurity atom and a vacan- cy [6]. In NaCl (an ionic conductor), such pairs are readily formed between a 2 Na+ vacancy and a substitutionally dissolved multivalent impurity ion, e. g.
Reihe
Auflage
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1957
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Zielgruppe
Für Beruf und Forschung
Research
Illustrationen
Maße
Höhe: 244 mm
Breite: 170 mm
Dicke: 27 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-3-642-45860-6 (9783642458606)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-45859-0
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Halbleiter.- A. Grundbegriffe der Halbleiterphysik.- B. Der Halbleiter im thermischen Gleichgewicht.- C. Theorie der Leitfähigkeit in homogenen Halbleitern.- D. Nichtgleichgewichtsprozesse in homogenen Halbleitern.- E. p-n-Übergänge.- F. Oberflächen und Kontakte.- G. Halbleiteroptik.- H. Magnetische Probleme.- J. Bestimmungsmethoden der wichtigsten Halbleiterparameter.- K. Spezielle Halbleiter.- Zusammenfassende Literatur.- Ionic Conductivity.- I. Chemical nature and atomic configuration of the charge carriers.- II. Theory of intrinsic conductivity by (Frenkel) and (Schottky) models.- III. Ionic conductivity in the extrinsic or "structure-sensitive" region.- IV. More accurate theory of ionic conductivity.- V. Alternating current phenomena.- VI. Diffusion.- General references.- The Electrical Properties of Glass.- A. The behaviour of glass in direct-current electric fields.- B. The behaviour of glass in periodic electric fields.- General references.- Electrochimie.- I. Ions. - Conductibilité.- II. Mobilité des ions.- III. Force électromotrice des piles.- IV. Anomalies des electrolytes forts. - Théorie de interaction ionique.- V. Associations de (Bjerrum).- VI. Viscosité des solutions électrolytiques.- VII. Propriétés optiques des solutions électrolytiques.- VIII. Electrolytes fondus.- IX. Retour sur les f.e.m. des piles. - Potentiels normaux.- X. Piles avec potentiels de diffusion (jonction liquide).- XI. Measure de la concentration des ions hydrogéne (pH).- XII. Constitution de la double couche. Théories.- XIII. Electrocapillarité.- XIV. Mesures directes de la capacité de la double couche.- XV. Phénomènes électrocinétiques.- Sachverzeichnis (Deutsch-Englisch).- Subject Index (English-German).- Table des matières (Français).
